高考英语二轮复习 考点突破 Unit4 名 词课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Unit 4,名 词,.,经典范文背诵,作文题目：,(2010,高考辽宁卷,),你校学生会需招聘一名留学生做英语学习顾问，,请你以短文形式写一则招聘启事。内容主要包括：,母语是英语，汉语流利者优先,解答用语学习问题，协助组织英语活动,每周,4,小时，报酬面议,联系人：李华,(Tel,：,13011223344),注意：,1,词数,100,左右；,2,可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；,3,启事标语和结尾已为你写好。,Ft,English Advisor Wanted,_,_,_,Student Union,经典范文：,English Advisor Wanted,The Student Union of our school decides to invite an international student to work as an English Study Advisor next term.The main responsibilities of the advisor include helping students to practice their oral English,answering their questions,and helping organize activities such as singing English songs,English evenings,or lectures on interesting topics.,The applicant should be a native speaker of English.Fluency in Chinese is preferred.The advisor is expected to work 4 hours per week.,If you are interested,please call Li,Hua,at 13011223344 for an interview.Payment for the service will be discussed during the interview.,Student Union,.,词汇短语储备,blank adj.,空白的 无表情的,n.,C,空白，表格,boundary n.C,分界线，边界,boycott,vt,.(,联合,),抵制，拒绝参与,brilliant adj.,光辉的，灿烂的 卓越的，杰出的,bureaucratic adj.,官僚主义的，官僚政治的,burglar n.C,盗贼，夜贼,campaign n.C,战役 运动,vi.,参加,(,或发起,),运动，参加竞选,cancel,vt,.,取消，废除 删去，划掉 抵消，对消,candidate n.,C,候选人 投考者,casual adj.,偶然的，碰巧的 随便的，非正式的 漠不关心的，冷淡的 临时的，不定期的,catastrophe n.C(,突然的,),大灾祸,cater v.,供应伙食，提供娱乐节目，为,(,宴会等,),供应酒菜 迎合，投合,caution n.C,，,U/v.,告诫，警告,cautious adj.,十分小心的，谨慎的,certificate n.C,证,(,明,),书，执照,chaos n.C,混乱，紊乱,模块,高考体验,品真题,A,组,2010,年,1,(,安徽卷,)I havent seen Sara since she was a little girl,and she has,changed beyond _.,A,hearing B,strength,C,recognition D,measure,解析：,考查名词辨析。句意：自从,Sara,还是孩子的时候，我就一直,没见过她。她现在已变得,(,让人,),认不出来了。,“,hearing,意为：听,力,”,；,strength,意为,“,力气；力量,”,；,recognition,意为,“,认出；识别；,认识,”,；,measure,意为,“,测量；措施,”,。,答案：,C,2,(,江苏卷,),The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never,accepts any gift from his patients,so he has a very good _.,A,expectation B,reputation,C,Contribution D,civilization,解析：,考查名词。句意：这名医生对心脏病的治疗技术高超，并且,从不接受病人送的任何礼品，因此，他名声很好。,expectation,期,待，预料；,reputation,名誉，名声，声望；,contribution,贡献；,civilization,文明。故选,B,。,答案：,B,3,(,江西卷,),Last year the number of students who graduated with a,driving,licence,reached 200,000,a(n,)_ of 40,000 per year.,A,average B,number,C,amount D,quantity,解析：,考查名词辨析。句意：去年毕业时就有驾照的学生数量已,达到,20,万，平均每年,4,万。,average,平均，平均数；,a number of,许,多，大量，修饰可数名词；,an amount of,许多，大量，一般修饰不,可数名词表金额；,a quantity of,许多，大量，修饰可数和不可数名,词。,答案：,A,4,(,湖北卷,),This restaurant has become popular for its wide _ of,foods that suit all tastes and pockets.,A,division B,area,C,range D,circle,解析：,考查名词辨析。句意：这家餐馆很受欢迎，因为它提供各种,食物适应各种口味和各种消费层次。,a range of,强调一个系列，而,a,wide range of,意为,“,各种各样的,”,。正好符合题意。从句子结构来,讲，这个句子属于典型的,“,从句套从句,”,。,for,引导原因状语从句，,that,引导定语从句。,答案：,C,5,(,湖北卷,),After the earthquake,the first thing the local government did,was to provide _ for the homeless families.,A,accommodation B,occupation,C,equipment D,furniture.,解析：,考查名词辨析。地震发生之后当地政府所做的第一件事就是,为无家可归的家庭提供住宿。,accommodation,住处，停留处，膳,宿；,occupation,占用，工作，职业；,furniture,家具；,equipment,设,备，器 材。从语境中的,“,地震之后,”“,失去家园的家庭,”,判断，选,A,“,提供住宿,”,。,答案：,A,6,(,浙江卷,),The school advisers help you talk through your problems but,they dont give you any direct _.,A,solution B,target,C,measure D,function,解析：,考查名词辨析。句意：学校的顾问会帮你梳理一下你的问,题，但是他们不会给你直接的解决方法。,solution,解决问题的方法；,target,目标，靶子；,measure,措施；,function,功能，作用。,答案：,A,7,(,山东卷,),Those who suffer from headache will find they get _,from this medicine.,A,relief B,safety,C,defense D,shelter,解析：,考查名词辨析。句意：患头痛的人将会发现通过使用这种药,他们的头痛会得到缓解。,relief,缓解，减轻，解除。,safety,安全；,defense,防御，防护；,shelter,掩蔽，保护。,答案：,A,8,(,天津卷,),James took the magazines off the little table to make,_ for the television.,A,room B,area,C,field D,position,解析：,考查名词辨析。句意：詹姆斯把杂志从小桌子上拿下了，目,的是为电视腾出空间。,make room for,是固定搭配，意思是,“,为,让空,”,的意思，其中的,room,是不可数名词。,答案：,A,B,组,2009,年,1,(,天津卷,)Im trying to break the _ of getting up too late.,A,tradition B,convenience,C,habit D,leisure,解析：,考查名词辨析。句意：我正试图改掉起床太晚的习惯。,habit,“,习惯,”,符合题意。,tradition,“,传统,”,；,convenience,“,方便；便利,”,；,leisure,“,休闲,”,。,答案：,C,2,(,安徽卷,),China has got a good _ for fighting against the flu,with its careful and smooth organization.,A,reputation B,influence,C,impression D,knowledge,解析：,考查名词辨析。句意：中国在抗击流感中因细致与平稳的安,排获得很好的声誉。,reputation,“,名声；名誉,”,；,influence,“,影响，,权力，势力,”,；,impression,“,印象，意念,”,；,knowledge,“,知识,”,。,答案：,A,3,(,山东卷,),He says that my new car is a _ of money.,Dont you think those words are just sour grapes?,A,lack B,load C,question D,waste,解析：,考查单词的区别。,lack,缺乏；,load,负担；,question,疑问；,waste,浪费。根据句意，尤其是下句的,sour grapes(,酸葡萄,),可知答案选,D,。,答案：,D,4,(,江西卷,),The _ shoes were covered with mud,，,so I asked,them to take them off before they got into _ car.,A,girls,；,Toms B,girls,；,Toms,C,girls,；,Toms D,girls,；,Toms,解析：,考查名词所有格形式。根据题干后半部分的,them,可知对应复,数,girls,。,答案：,C,5,(,浙江卷,),The system has been designed to give students quick and,easy _ to the digital resources of the library.,A,access B,passage C,way D,approach,解析：,考查名词辨析。句意：新设计的系统能够让学生便捷、容易,地搜索到图书馆的电子资源。这里,give.access to.,是固定词组，表,示,“,能得到，能进入,”,，故选,A,。,答案：,A,6,(,湖北卷,),Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for,health.It,may also,be good for _ building.,A,respect B,friendship,C,Reputation D,character,解析：,考查名词辨析。独自远足利于塑造性格，用,character building,表示,“,品格培养,”,。注意第一句中的,“,Hiking by oneself,”,，其他选项,不符合题意。,答案：,D,7,(,湖北卷,),In our class,，,when the bell rang and the teacher closed his,book,，,it was a _ for everyone to stand up.,A,Signal B,Chance C,Mark D,measure,解析：,考查名词辨析。下课铃响，老师合上课本，这表明，学生该,起立与老师说再见了。,signal,“,信号,”,，符合题意。,chance,“,机,会,”,；,mark,“,记号,”,；,measure,“,尺度；措施,”,。,答案：,A,8,(,福建卷,),The World Health Organization gave a warning to the public,without any _ when the virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in,April,2009.,A,delay B,effort C,schedule D,consideration,解析：,考查名词词义辨析。句意：当,H1N1,型病毒,2009,年,4,月袭击墨,西哥时，世界卫生组织毫不延迟地向人们提出了警告。,delay,耽搁，,延误；,effort,努力；,schedule,时间表；,consideration,：考虑，体谅；,关心。选,A,。,答案：,A,9,(,陕西卷,),From their _ on the top of the TV Tower,，,visitors,can have a better view of the city.,A,stage B,position C,Condition D,situation,解析：,考查名词词义辨析。句意：从他们在电视塔顶部的位置，游,客们可以更好地看到这个城市的景色。,stage,舞台，时期，阶段；,position,位置；,condition,条件，情况；,situation,形式，情况；情景；,根据空前的物主代词,their,可以推断出此处选,B,。,答案：,B,模块,考点锁定,知识网,名词的数,1.,下列名词是不可数名词：,information,；,luggage,；,furniture,；,equipment,；,baggage,；,jewellery,；,machinery,；,clothing,；,fruit,；,luck,；,fun,；,health,；,wealth,；,weather,；,confidence,；,access,；,respect,等。,Everybody has access to the public library.,2.,下列名词通常作不可数名词用，但当指,“,人、事,”,时是可数名词：,Surprise,；,pleasure,；,satisfaction,；,honour,；,failure,；,success,；,help,；,delight,；,shock,；,fright,；,comfort,；,concern,；,pride,等。,He is still in a state of shock.The news of his death came as a shock to,us all.,3,下列名词作可数名词和不可数名词时，意义不同：,word(,可数,)“,字；词；话语”；,(,不可数,)“,消息；信息”,exercise,(,可数,)“,练习；习题”；,(,不可数,)“,锻炼；运动”,room(,可数,)“,房,间”；,(,不可数,)“,空间”,change(,可数,)“,变化；更换”；,(,不可 数,),“,零钱”,experience(,可数,)“,经历”；,(,不可数,)“,经验”,practice,(,可数,)“,习俗；习惯”；,(,不可数,)“,实践；练习；训练”,work,(,可数,)“,作品；艺术品”；,(,不可数,)“,工作”,light(,可数,)“,电灯”；,(,不可数,)“,光”,paper(,可数,)“,报纸；文件”；,(,不可数,)“,纸”,business,(,可数,)“,商店；公司”；,(,不可数,)“,商业；生,意”,trade(,可数,)“,职业”；,(,不可数,)“,贸易”,Have a word with Pat and see what she thinks.,She sent word that she would be late.,4,不可数名词，如,interest,；,knowledge,等，可与不定冠词连用，特别是,其前有形容词修饰时。,He has a wide knowledge of painting and music.,5,名词,tea,，,coffee,有时可用作可数名词。,Two teas and three coffees,，,please.,6,下列名词常用复数形式：,congratulations,；,greetings,；,regards,；,wishes,；,tears,；,belongings,；,surroundings,等。,Congratulations on your exam results!,7,下列名词是复数名词：,police,；,people,；,folk(s),；,cattle,等。,The police are in search of the attempted murderer.,名词作定语,1.,名词作定语，通常表示中心词的用途、材料或特性。,a coffeecup,；,telephonenumber,；,paperflowers,；,weather forecast,；,seat belt,；,income tax,；,identity card,；,stone bridge,；,heart trouble,等。,2.,名词作定语时，通常用单数形式，但,man,和,woman,除外。,a shoe shop,鞋店,woman doctor,一个女医生,three women doctors,三位女医生,高频考点：,名词的同义词辨析,名词同义词辨析题解题技巧,从三个方面考虑：,1.,词义,2.,搭配,(,与介词或动词搭配,),3.,惯用法,【,例,1】The current political _ of our country is favourable,for foreign investments.,A,climate B,weather,C,temperature D,pressure,解题关键,解此题的关键是要弄清楚这四个单词的词义。,climate,“,气候；,(,具有某种气候的,),地区；,(,社会或时代的,),风气，,思潮，气氛,”,；,weather,“,天气,”,；,temperature,“,气温,”,；,pressure,“,压力,”,。根据题意,“,我国当前的政治气候有利于外国,投资。,”,可知答案为,A,。,【,例,2】Except on formal _ such as official reception,，,American,society has a certain amount of informality.,A,conditions B,cases,C,occasions D,situations,解题关键,解此题的关键是要弄清楚这四个单词的搭配。四个单词都,可作,“,情况,”,解。,condition,常与介词,in,或,under,搭配使用，多用复数,形式：,in/under.conditions“,在,情况下，在,条件下，在,环,境下,”,，但,condition,也可与介词,on,搭配，只能用单数形式：,on,condition that“,只要，条件是,”,。,case,与介词,in,搭配：,in that/,this,case,“,在那,(,这,),种情况下，如果那,(,这,),样的话,”,，,in such cases,“,在这种,情况下,”,，,in case of,“,如果，万一,”,。,occasion,与介词,on,搭配：,on,that/this occasion,“,在那,(,这,),种场合,”,，,on special occasions,“,在特殊场,合,”,。,situation,与介词,in,搭配：,in a difficult situation,“,处境困难,”,，,in,unexpected situations,“,在意外情况下,”,。据此可知本题答案为,C,，题意,是,“,除了在官方接待这样的正式场合，美国社会是较为随便的。,”,【,例,3】“I dont think its my _ that the TV blew up.I just,turned it on,，,thats all,，”,said the boy.,A,error B,mistake C,fault D,duty,解题关键,解此题的关键是要弄清楚名词的惯用法。,error,，,mistake,和,fault,都可译为,“,错误,”,，但,it is one,s fault,是惯用说法。如：,It,s not my,fault./Whose fault is it that we,re late,？根据题意,“,我认为电视机爆炸不,是我的错，我就是打开了电视，仅此而已。,”,可知答案为,C,。,名词与动词的搭配,put.into practice,；,turn.into reality,实行；实施,take pains to do sth.,尽力去做某事,spare no effort to do sth.,不遗余力做某事,spare no expense,不惜代价,take no notice of,；,pay no attention to,不注意；忽视,keep,/get in touch/,contact with,；,have connection with,与,保持,/,取得,/,有联系,keep/bear.in mind,；,learn.by heart,记住；熟记,take.into account/consideration,将,考虑在内,take action,采取行动,take measures/steps,采取措施,reach(come to,；,arrive at)an agreement,达成协议或一致意见,take/follow ones advice,接受某人的建议,keep pany,陪伴某人,make a difference,起作用；与众不同,make no difference,没有关系或影响；无关紧要,have a narrow escape,九死一生,find fault with sb.,对某人吹毛求疵；找某人的岔子,do sb.a favour,帮助某人；帮某人的忙,attach importance/significance to,认为,很重要；强调,make/leave an impression on sb.,给某人留下印象,take a message for sb.,给某人捎个口信,leave sb.a message,给某人留个口信,satisfy,/meet/,cover ones needs/demands/requirements,满足,某人的需求,/,要求,/,条件,take possession of,拥有,keep a record of,记录；记载,take/run a risk,冒险,take a chance,冒险,模块,难点突破,课内练,1,As we all know,，,the Internet will let people have _ to huge,amounts of information from their own homes.,A,entrance,B,way,C,means,D,access,解析：,have access to,意为,“,能接近,(,接触或使用,),”,其中,access,为不可,数名词。,答案：,D,2,The farmers,，,whose homes had been damaged by the flood,，,were,provided with a small allowance by the local government to cover,their basic _ such as food and clothing.,A,objects B,Issues C,Costs D,needs,解析：,cover/meet one,s needs,意为,“,满足某人的要求或需要,”,。,答案：,D,3,He is a skillful worker.I am sure he has enough _ to fix all the,_.,A,experience,；,equipment B,experiences,；,equipments,C,experience,；,equipments D,experiences,；,equipment,解析：,experience,作,“,经验,”,讲时为不可数名词；,equipment,意为,“,设备、装备,”,亦为不可数。,答案：,A,4,After receiving the news,，,immediate_ had been taken by the,local government to stop the disease spreading.,A,Speed B,Behavior C,Action D,measure,解析：,take action,意为,“,采取行动,”,，后常加不定式。,答案：,C,5,A large sum of money has been raised for the _ of the,poorly,educated children in the mountainous areas.,A,profit B,favor C,advantage D,benefit,解析：,for the benefit of,意为,“,为了,的利益,”,。,答案：,D,6,For the big house,，,the price is fairly low,，,but you,ve got to take,into _ the money you,ll spend on home improvement.,A,consideration B,thoughtfulness,C,responsibility D,measures,解析：,take.into consideration,表,“,将,考虑在内,”,。,答案：,A,7,Although it is not our normal _ to give credit in our shop,，,this time I think we should consider the matter more closely.,A,habit B,Intention C,Action D,practice,解析：,由句意,“,尽管我们店里不常赊帐,”,，可知此处,practice,指,“,惯例、习俗,”,。,答案：,D,8,He was _ as a designer,，,which was _ to us all.,A,a success,；,a surprise B,success,；,surprise,C,a success,；,surprise D,success,；,a surprise,解析：,success,，,surprise,均为抽象名词，但当其指,“,成功,(,令人惊讶,),的人或事,”,时，则已具体化，可用不定冠词修饰。,答案：,A,9,The plane must be ready within half an hour.There should be no,_ in sending the blood and medicine to the injured people.,A,hurry B,delay C,time D,wait,解析：,句意：飞机必须在半小时内准备就绪。为伤者运送血液和药,物丝毫不得耽误。,hurry,匆忙、仓促、急切；,delay,延迟、耽搁；,time,时间；,wait,等待、等候。,答案：,B,10,Planning so far ahead makes no _,so many things will have,changed by next year.,A,Effort B,change,C,sense D,meaning,解析：,句意：提前这么长时间做计划毫无意义,明年许多东西都,变了。,effort,努力；,make no effort,表示,“,根本不作努力,”,；,change,改变，变化；,make no change,不作改变；,sense,感官、意义、意,味；,make sense,讲得通，有意义，言之有理；,meaning,意义、含,义，指,“,用语言文字、姿态、行动、图画等所表达的意义或含,义,”,，不与,make,搭配错误。,答案：,C,11,The murder suspect couldnt explain why his fingerprints were,found on the _.,A,scene B,sight C,view D,scenery,解析：,句意：杀人嫌犯无法解释他的指纹为何会出现在案发现场。,on the scene,当场，在出事地点；,sight,视力，视觉；,view,风景；,scenery,景色；场景。,答案：,A,12,Used to TV shows,，,where everything is quick and entertaining,，,many people do not have the _ to read a book that,requires thinking.,A,Courage B,wisdom C,patience D,freedom,解析：,句意：电视节目中一切都快速有趣，已经习惯了电视的人,们根本没有耐心去阅读费思量的书。,courage,勇气；,wisdom,智,慧；,patience,耐心；,freedom,自由。,答案：,C,13,I know I shouldnt have accepted anything from such a person,，,but,I found it really hard to turn down his _.,A,offer B,suggestion,C,request D,plan,解析：,句意：我知道不该接受此人的任何东西，但我发觉拒绝他的,好意实在是难。,offer(,主动,),给予,(,物,),；,suggestion,建议；,request,要,求；,plan,计划。,答案：,A,14,My teacher of English is really very kind.Ill never forget the,_ he has done me.,A,favor B,deed C,help D,value,解析：,句意：我的英语老师是个好人，我永远也忘不了他对我的帮,助。,favor,好意、厚爱，,do sb.a favor,帮某人忙；,deed,行动、动作、,事迹；,help,帮助，不与,do,搭配；,value,价值。,答案：,A,15,We all like to make friends with those who have such _ as,kindness,，,honesty and generosity.,A,skills B,virtues,C,deeds D,behaviors,解析：,句意：我们都喜欢跟那些有着良好品德的人做朋友，比如善,良、诚实跟慷慨。,skill,技术，技巧；,virtue,品德，美德；,deed,行动，,事迹；,behavior,表现。,答案：,B,单击此处进入 晚自习作业,