杨海卫：启东市优质示范课：提高你的作文档次.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,How to your writing?,improve,2013,高考英语考试大纲对书面表达的要求,书面表达要求考生根据所给情景用英语写一篇,150,个单词左右的短文。情景包括目的、对象、时间、地点、方位、关系、内容、数据等；提供情景的形式如图表、图画、提纲、信函、短文等。考生应能：,（,1,）根据特定的语境,准确使用英语语法,，选用,适当的词汇,；,（,2,）使用一定的,句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地传递信息和表达自己的思想,。,第五档,21-25,分,1.,完全,完成了试题规定的任务。,2.,覆盖,所有,内容要点。,3.,应用了,较多,的,语法结构和词汇,。,4.,语法结构和词汇有些许错误，但是为了使用,较复杂,结构或较高级词汇,所致，具备较强的语言运用能力。,5.,有效,地使用了语句间的,连接成分,，使,全文结构紧凑,。,6.,完全达到了预期的写作目。,第四档,16-20,分,1.,完全完成了试题规定的任务。,2.,虽,漏掉,1,、,2,个次重点,，但覆盖所有主要内容。,3.,应用的,语法结构和词汇,能满足,任务的要求。,4.,语法结构或词汇方面应用,基本准确,，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。,5.,应用,简单,的语句间的,连接成分,，使,全文结构紧凑,。,6.,达到了预期的写作目的。,【,评分标准,】,【,评分原则,】,1.,先根据文章的内容和语言初步,确定档次,，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后,给分,。,2.,词数低于,130,或高于,170,，扣,2,分,。,3.,评分时注意的主要内容为：内容要点、,应用词汇,、,语法结构的数量和准确性,及上下文的,连贯性,。,4.,拼写与标点,是语言准确性的一个方面。评分时视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。,5.,如,书写较差,以致影响交际，将分数,降低一个档次,。,写作步骤,3,.,根据字数要求，扩展成篇。,1.,认真审题立意，确定写作中心。,写作步骤,2,.,围绕中心，列出写作提纲。,4,.,修改,文章并誊写,&,步骤,1,：认真审题立意，确定写作中心。,认真阅读书面表达的,试题要求,是做好作文的,第一步,。,1,、审体裁、题材,2,、审人称和时态,3,、,审文章框架结构或布局,（,尤其注意开头段和结尾段）,a topic sentence for each paragraph,&,步骤,2,：围绕中心，列出写作提纲。,&,步骤,3,：根据字数要求，成句并扩展成篇。,&,步骤,3,：根据字数要求，成句并扩展成篇。,近几年要求“,使用较多语法结构和词汇,”，因此要想得高分，除了要点和语言准确度以外，还必须在,较复杂的句子结构或较高级的词汇,上有所表现。,句式单一,，缺乏生气的文章，哪怕无任何错误也不可能得高分，相反,“有些错误，但是为了使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致”，,给分档次仍在最高档,(21,25,分,),。,&,步骤,3,：根据字数要求，成句并扩展成篇。,1.,尽量避免句式单一，要灵活运用各种句式，使文章有声有色。如,倒装句、强调句、省略句、主从复合句、对比句、非谓语动词、介词短语,等。,1.I have to work hard to keep up with my brother.,2.He,not only,enjoys playing football,but also,he likes playing basketball.,What I have to do,is work hard,trying to,keep.,Not only,does he enjoy playing football,but also,he likes playing basketball.,2.,使用不同长度的句子（长短句结合），通过分句和复合句，增强句子的连贯性和表现力。,After a short rest,we,had great fun,singing and dancing,telling jokes and playing chess.,We had a short rest.,Then,we began to,play,happily.,We sang and danced.Some told stories.Some played chess.,&,3.,尽量避免重复使用同一单词或词组。,I like reading while he likes watching television.,I,like,reading while he,enjoys,watching television.,I,am fond of,reading while he,is crazy about,watching television.,&,4.,注意使用词组、习语来代替一些单词，以增加文采。,He,didnt,pass the driving test.,He,failed to,pass the driving test.,&,5.,正确使用关联词。,递进：,then,，,besides,，,furthermore,，,moreover,whats more,in addition,，,whats worse,等。,转折：,however,，,but,，,instead,，,on the contrary,等。,总结：,at last,all in all,in brief,in conclusion,in a word,to conclude,to sum up,to be brief,等。,强调：,indeed,，,certainly,，,surely,，,above all,等。,对比：,on one hand,on the other hand,for one thing,for another (thing),等。,&,&,步骤,4,：修改文章并誊写,Not good!,Worse!,Neat!,在保证文章,语法结构和词汇基本正确,的前提下,：,1,、,主题句,的内容要明确具体，语言简 洁，开门见山；,2,、,适当地变换使用,较复杂的句型结构和较高级的词汇,，尽量避免重复和单调；,3,、,恰当使用,衔接手段,，使文章结构紧凑、内容连贯；,4,、书写,要认真,，卷面整洁！,书面表达得高分必须做到：,【,总结,】,在一次课堂讨论中，大家对朋友和友谊进行了讨论。请根据下表内容，用英语,写一篇短文，并谈谈你对友谊的看法。,总体情况,学习,方面,压力大（作业多、考试多等）；,与老师、同学的关系,生活,方面,打篮球、上网等；,心声和打算,（自拟两至三点以上）,注意：,根据所提供的要点逐一陈述，适当发挥；,词数,150,左右,文章开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数。,Dear Li,Hua,I am writing to tell you about my life in Senior Three._,_,Looking forward to hearing from you soon!,Yours ever,Wang Ming,【,随堂训练,】,_,框架结构,人称和时态,假如你是王明，是一名高三的学生,，你的朋友李华来信询问你高三的学习和生活情况。请根据下表中的要点给他写一封回信,。,总体情况,学习,方面,压力大（作业多、考试多等）；,与老师、同学的关系,生活,方面,打篮球、上网等；,心声和打算,（自拟两至三点以上）,注意：,根据所提供的要点逐一陈述，适当发挥；,词数,150,左右,文章开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数。,Dear Li,Hua,I am writing to tell you about my life in Senior Three._,_,Looking forward to hearing from you soon!,Yours ever,Wang Ming,【,随堂训练,】,_,框架结构,人称和时态,学习方面,与老师的关系,压力大,同学间关系,考试多,作业多,生活方面,打球、上网等,家庭生活方面,放松了，学习效率提高,减压,心声和打算,对父母,对自己,对老师,对政府,学校,作业多，考试多 压力大（因果关系）,非限制性定语从句,名词性从句,状语从句,with,结构,强调句,作业多，考试多 压力大（因果关系）,非限制性定语从句,名词性从句,状语从句,with,结构,强调句,定语从句,名词性从句,状语从句,with,结构,强调句,There are a large number of exercises and exams,which,leave me under great pressure,.,What makes me feel stressed,are too many exercises.,It is,too many exercises and exams,that,leave me under great pressure.,I am writing to tell you about my life in Senior Three,.,Just as you know,my life now is tiring but meaningful.,We are kept busy all the day and there is too much pressure upon me.,With,too much homework,to do,and too many exams,to take,I feel stressed and almost break down,but I have made progress recently.,Fortunately,my classmates help and learn from each other.,Whats more,not only,do,my teachers encourage me to build up my confidence,but also,they help me improve my study.,Whenever,I am in trouble,they are willing to help me,without,expecting anything in return.,Busy and tired as I am,I feel happy and grateful to everyone around me.,In order to,reduce pressure,I often play basketball or surf the Internet,which,makes me relaxed.,In addition,my parents prepare a variety of delicious food to keep me energetic.,中心句,I think a happy school life requires the collective efforts from my parents,my teachers and myself.,I,sincerely,hope my teachers will give me less homework,allowing,me more free time to focus on,what I am weak in.,I,do,hope my parents dont expect too much of me.Instead they should give me more encouragement,so that,I can study efficiently with less pressure.,You know the last year of high school is demanding and challenging,so I will,spare no efforts to,study hard,no matter what,difficulties I may meet with.Im confident that my hard work will,pay off,in the near future.,I,call on,our government to improve our education system to,lighten our study burden,so that,we can enjoy a happier Senior Three life.,I do hope that our school will provide various activities to make our school life more colorful.,在保证文章,语法结构和词汇基本正确,的前提下,：,1,、,主题句,的内容要明确具体，语言简 洁，开门见山；,2,、,适当地变换使用,较复杂的句型结构和较高级的词汇,，尽量避免重复和单调；,3,、,恰当使用,衔接手段,，使文章结构紧凑、内容连贯；,4,、书写,要认真,，卷面整洁！,书面表达得高分必须做到：,【,总结,】,注意：,根据所提供的要点逐一陈述，适当发挥；,词数,150,左右,文章开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数。,Dear Li,Hua,I am writing to tell you about my life in Senior Three._,_,Looking forward to hearing from you soon!,Yours ever,Wang Ming,【,巩固训练,】,请根据下列表格的内容提示，写一篇题为,SAVE EARTH,SAVE US,的公益广告解说词。,污染的原因,人类的生产和生活活动（请自行列举）,污染类型,1,空气污染,2.,噪音污染,3.,水污染,造成后果,1.,物种减少,2.,人类健康受损,3.,环境恶化,建议措施,(,请自己列出若干条,),Thank you!,