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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,抓基础,必修一,Unit 5,Nelson Mandela-a modern hero,析考点,提能力,.,高频单词必记,1,adj,.,慷慨的；大方的,2,n,.,法则；原则；原理,3,n,.,舞台；阶段；时期,4,vt,.&,vi,.,投票；选举,n,.,投票；选票；表决,5,vt,.,进攻；攻击；抨击,generous,principle,stage,vote,attack,6,vi,.,逃脱；逃走；泄露,7,n,.,意见；看法；主张,8,n,质量；品质；性质,n,数量；量,9,adj,.,积极的；活跃的,adv,.,积极地；活,跃地,n,活动,10,vt,.,献身；专心于,adj,.,忠实的；深爱的,n,献身；奉献；忠诚,escape,opinion,quality,active,quantity,actively,activity,devote,devoted,devotion,11,adj,.,和平的；平静的；安宁的,adv,.,和平地；平静地；安宁地,n,和平；平静；和睦,12,adj,.,法律的；依照法律的,(,反义词,),非法,的；违法的,13,n,暴力；暴行,adj,.,暴力的；猛烈的,peaceful,peacefully,legal,illegal,violence,violent,peace,14,adj,.,相等的；平等的,n,平等；相等,adv,.,同样地；相等地；公平地,15,vt,.,教育；训练,adj,.,受过教育的；有教,养的,n,教育,n,教育工作者；,教育家,16,vi,.,请求；乞求,n,乞丐,17,n,报酬；奖金,vt,.,酬劳；奖赏,adj,.,值,得的；有益的；有回报的,equal,equality,equally,educate,educated,education,educator,beg,beggar,reward,rewarding,.,重点短语必背,1,失业,2,事实上,3,使充气；爆炸,4,在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑,等的处境中,5,求助于；致力于,out of work,as a matter of fact,blow up,in trouble,turn to,6,丧失勇气或信心,7,当权；上台,8,设立；建立,9,被判处,(,徒刑,),10,愿意干某事,lose heart,come to power,set up,be sentenced to,be willing to do,.,经典句型必会,1,The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of,laws stopping our rights and progress,until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.,过去,30,年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。,解读：,where,引导定语从句修饰,stage,。,仿写：我已经到了应该自己作出决定的人生阶段。,I have reached a point in my life _ make decisions of my own.(,摘自,2009,浙江高考,单项填空,),答案：,where I am supposed to,2,.only then did we decide to answer violence with,violence.,只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。,解读：,only,修饰状语放在句首，句子用部分倒装。,仿写：只有当我们所有人帮助地震灾区的人们时他们才能很快恢复正常的生活。,Only when all of us help the people in the earthquake area _ quickly.,答案：,will they return to their normal life,3,He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings,when we should have been asleep.,他在午餐后的休息时间以及晚上本来该睡觉的时间教我们学习。,解读：,should have done sth.“,本应该做某事而实际上没做,”,。,仿写：他们本应该午饭时到达，但是飞机晚点了。,They _ lunchtime but their flight was delayed.(,摘自,2011,全国卷,单项填空,),答案：,should have arrived at,4,I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.,第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。,解读：,the first time,引导时间状语从句。,仿写：我第一次见到她时认为她善良诚实。,I thought her kind and honest _.,答案：,the first time I met her,(1)devote oneself to sth./doing sth.,献身于,；致力于,devote ones life/time/money/energy to sth./doing sth.,把某人的一生,/,时间,/,金钱,/,精力奉献于,(2)devoted,adj,.,忠实的；深爱的,be devoted to sth./doing sth.,专心于；奉献于,(3)devotion,n,.,关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚,1,devote,vt,.,献身；专心于,教材,P33,原句,A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.,伟人就是将他,/,她的一生致力于帮助别人的人。,He has devoted his whole life to world peace.(,摘自,2011,陕西高考,单词拼写,),他把他的一生都献给了世界和平事业。,He has devoted most of his time and energy,a cure for the disease.,他把大部分时间和精力都花在寻找这种疾病的治疗方法上了。,Her son,she is so devoted,went abroad last year,leaving her alone in the small village.,她非常疼爱的儿子去年去了国外，留下她一个人在小村子里。,to finding,to whom,Her devotion to the job left her with very little time.,她全身心投入工作，几乎没有闲睱。,2.vote,vt,.&,vi,.,投票；选举,n,.,投票；选票；表决,(1)vote for/against,投票赞成,/,反对,vote on,投票表决,vote to do sth.,表决做某事,(2)put.to the vote,付诸表决、裁决,教材,P34,原句,Black people could not vote or choose their leaders.,当时黑人没有选举权，他们无权选择他们的领导人。,Russia won the bid for the 2018 World Cup because they got most votes.,俄罗斯由于得到多数票而获得,2018,年世界杯举办权。,As we cant reach an agreement on this matter,lets,it.,因为我们不能在这个问题上达成一致，咱们投票决定吧！,People vote against Tom who often tells lies.,人们投票反对经常说谎的汤姆。,vote on,3,equal,adj,.,相等的；平等的；胜任的,vt,.,等于；抵得上,n,.,同等的人；相等物,(1)be equal to sth./doing sth.,等于,/,胜任做某事,of equal importance,同等重要的,(2)A equals B in.A,在,方面比得上,B/,与,B,相匹敌,(3)without equal,无与伦比,(4)equality,n,.,平等,equally,adv,.,相等地；同等地；均等地；同样地,教材,P34,原句,But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.,但是，我乐于帮忙，因为我知道，这是为了实现我们黑人和白人平等的梦想。,Our education system should provide equal opportunities for all children.,我们的教育制度给所有的孩子提供了平等的机会,Its a challenging job but Im sure youll,.,这是一份具有挑战性的工作，但是我相信你会胜任的。,either in beauty or as a dancer.,不管是容貌还是在舞艺上我们都比不上她。,be equal to it,None of us can equal her,This position is equally suitable for a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience.(,摘自,2011,新课标全国卷,阅读理解,D,),这个职位同样适合于学校毕业生或某个拥有办公室工作经验的人。,4,escape,v,&,n,逃脱；逃生；泄露,(1)escape(doing)sth.,逃避,(,做,),某事,escape from,从,逃脱；逃避,escape ones attention/notice,逃过某人的注意,(2)fire escape,太平梯；安全梯；安全出口,a narrow escape,九死一生,教材,P38,原句,It was a prison from which no one escaped.,那是个无人逃走过的监狱。,So sudden was the attack that the enemy had no time to escape.(,摘自,2009,山东高考,单项填空,),袭击如此突然使敌人没有时间逃跑。,Whoever breaks the law wont escape,!,无论是谁违犯法律都将避免不了惩罚。,Last year I had a narrow escape,and I dont want to risk my life a second time.,去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。,punishment/being punished,5,reward,n,&,vt,.,报酬；奖赏；酬劳；奖金,(1)as a reward for,作为,(,对某事的,),报酬,/,奖赏,give/offer a reward to sb.for sth.,为某事而给某人报酬,in reward for,为酬谢,；作为奖励,(2)reward sb.with sth.for sth.,为某事而用,酬谢某人,教材,P38,原句,They said that the job and the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks.,他们说来自新南非政府的那份工作和薪水是对我一生为黑人的平等权利而奋斗的回报。,Winning the match was just a reward for the effort the team had made.,赢得比赛的胜利是全队付出努力应得的回报。,We will offer a reward of ten thousand dollars for information about the case.,如果有人提供有关案件的情报，我们愿意出一万元赏金。,She got nothing,.,她的好心没有得到一点回报。,in reward for her kindness,She started singing to the baby and,a smile.,她开始给孩子唱歌，孩子则报以微笑。,was rewarded with,reward,award,reward,n,.,报酬；奖金或一些非金钱的报酬,v,.,给予报酬，指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报酬或奖赏,award,n,.,奖品；奖金,v,.,授予；颁发,award sb.sth.,award sth.to sb.,以练促记,Obama was,the Nobel Peace Prize in 2009.,How can I,your kindness?,awarded,reward,.,单词拼写,1,The company attaches much importance to the,_(,质量,)of their products.,答案：,quality,2,He loved science so much that he decided to _(,献身,)his whole life to it.,答案：,devote,3,As a holiday destination in winter,the Hainan Island,has no,e,_.,答案：,equal,4,He gave the children some chocolate to,r,_ them,for behaving well.,答案：,reward,5,The prisoners attempted to,e,_ from the prison,but in vain.,答案：,escape,.,单项填空,1,It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do,things because certain acts lead to _.,A,rewards,B,prizes,C,awards D,results,解析：,句意：普遍认为，婴儿学会做事情是因为某些行为会得到奖赏。,prize“,奖品；奖金,”,；,award“,奖品；奖状,”,；,result“,结果；导致,”,；,reward“,回报；奖赏,”,。,答案：,A,2,Fitness is important in sport,but of at least _,importance are skills.,A,fair B,reasonable,C,equal D,proper,解析：,考查形容词辨析。句意：健康在运动中很重要，但技巧同样重要。,fair“,公平的,”,；,reasonable“,有道理的,”,；,equal“,相等的,”,；,proper“,合适的,”,。本句将,fitness,与,skills,作对比，根据句意选,C,。,答案：,C,3,_to his research work,the professor cared little,about any other things.,A,Devoting B,Devoted,C,Having devoted D,To devote,解析：,考查非谓语动词。句意：教授致力于研究工作，对其他任何事情都关心甚少。,devote,是及物动词，一般用法是,sb.be devoted to(doing)sth.,或,devote oneself to(doing)sth.,。本句中,the professor,和,devote,之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式,devoted,作原因状语。,答案：,B,4,Mike often attempts to escape_ whenever he,breaks traffic regulations.,A,having been fined B,to have been fined,C,to be fined D,being fined,解析：,考查非谓语动词。句意：迈克每次违反交通规则的时候，他都试图逃避惩罚。动词,escape,后接动词时要用,v,.ing,形式，不接不定式。,fine,是及物动词，意为,“,罚款,”,，需用被动语态。,答案：,D,5,He became a citizen,thereby gaining the right to,_.,A,vote B,votes,C,voting D,voted,解析：,考查短语用法。句意：他成为一位公民，并因此获得了选举权。,the right to vote“,选举权,”,。,答案：,A,1.in trouble,有麻烦；处于困难中,教材,P35,原句,Elias went to see Nelson Mandela,when he was in trouble.,伊莱亚斯在有麻烦时去见纳尔逊,曼德拉。,He just laughed and said something about my being,in trouble.(,摘自,2009,湖北高考,完形填空,),他只是笑笑并且说一些有关我处于困境时的事情。,If you keep on driving like that,you are going to,.,如果你继续这样开车，你会惹麻烦的。,Whenever we have trouble with our studies,our teachers help us patiently.,每逢我们在学习上遇到困难，老师总是耐心辅导。,You cant imagine the trouble/difficulty I had,change his mind.,你无法想象我说服他改变主意有多么困难。,get into trouble,persuading him to,2,turn to,求助于；翻到,(,书的某页,),；查阅；转向,教材,P35,原句,Why did Nelson Mandela turn to violence to make black and white people equal?,为什么纳尔逊,曼德拉使用暴力以使黑人和白人平等呢？,I replied and turned to my mom for permission.(,摘自,2010,福建高考,完形填空,),我回答后转身去请求母亲批准。,in such a frightening situation,she felt very helpless.,由于在这么恐怖的环境中无人可以求助，她感到非常无助。,After he left university he became a teacher,but later,journalism.,With no one to turn to,turned to,大学毕业后他当了老师，但后来转向了新闻业。,turn down,调小；拒绝,turn into,变成,turn off,关闭,(,开关等,),turn over,打翻；翻身；移交,turn up,开大；调高；出现；到场；被发现,turn out,证明是；结果是,Whether those people would turn into customers was another question.(,摘自,2011,陕西高考,阅读理解,C,),那些人是否会成为客户是另一回事。,3,set up,设立；建立,A working party has been set up to look into the problem.,已成立工作组调查该问题。,We decided,a fund for the Hope Project.,to set up,我们决定为希望工程设立一项基金。,set about doing sth.,开始做某事；着手做某事,set aside,把,放在一边；省出；留出,set down,写下；记下,set off,出发；动身；使爆炸,set out,出发；动身；开始；着手,The,London,Gazette,was the first newspaper to set aside a place just for advertising.(,摘自,2011,全国卷,阅读理解,B),伦敦公报是第一家为商业广告开辟专栏的报纸。,He,homeless women and children to place of safety.,他着手帮助把无家可归的妇女和儿童送到安全的地区。,set about helping,.,完成句子,1,It is hard for her to support the family because she,_(,失业,),答案：,is out of work,2,Dont hesitate to _(,向我们求,助,)if you are in trouble.,答案：,turn to us for help,3,Having got involved in a theft,he,_(,被判处五年徒刑,),答案：,was sentenced to five years in prison,4,I think if he fails again hell just_(,失去,信心,)and give up.,答案：,lose heart,5,Most people think that things have changed for the,better since the new government _(,上台；执政,),答案：,came to power,.,单项填空,1,(2011,江苏高考,)You look upset.Whats the matter?,I had my proposal _ again.,A,turned over B,turned on,C,turned off D,turned down,解析：,考查动词短语。从对话可知答话人的建议遭到了拒绝，因此有点儿不快。,turn down“,拒绝；顶回,(,提议、建议或提议人,)”,，符合句意。,turn over“,翻转,”,；,turn on“,打开,”,；,turn off“,关掉,”,。,答案：,D,2,(2012,江苏省苏中三市调研,)I havent got a job at the,moment,but Im sure that something will _.,A,turn in B,turn over,C,turn up D,turn down,解析：,考查动词短语。句意：我现在还没有工作，但我确信会有机会找到的。,turn up,表示,“,(,机会或情况,),突然出现；不期而至,”,，符合句意。,turn in“,上交；交还,”,；,turn over“,翻转；移交,”,；,turn down“,关小；拒绝,”,。,答案：,C,3,For all these years I have been working for others.Im,hoping Ill _ my own business someday.,A,turn up B,fix up,C,set up D,make up,解析：,考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些年来我一直为别人工作，我希望有一天可以开创自己的事业。,set up“,设立；创立,”,。,turn up“,出现,”,；,fix up“,安装,”,；,make up“,编造,”,。,答案：,C,4,Its important to learn to take a positive attitude,_ life when you are _ trouble.,A,to;under B,of;in,C,to;in D,with;in,解析：,句意：当你处于困境中时，学会对生活保持乐观的态度是很重要的。名词,attitude,后用介词,to,或,towards,；,in trouble“,处于困境中,”,。,答案：,C,1,.,only,then did we decide to answer violence with,violence.,只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。,only,放在句首修饰状语,(,通常是副词、介词短语或从句等,),时，句子需要部分倒装。,Only by shouting was he able to make people on the other side of the river hear him.,他只有靠大声喊才能使河对岸的人们听到他的声音。,Only yesterday,tell him the truth,which was a big surprise to him.,昨天他父亲才把真相告诉他，这对他来说真是个令人吃惊的消息。,did his father,Only some of the children seemed,to have understood it.,似乎只有一部分孩子明白。,关键一点,含有否定意义的副词或连词，如,never,not,not only,little,seldom,hardly,not until,neither,nor,no sooner,等放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装形式，在,no sooner.than.,和,hardly.when.,引导的句子中，主句常用过去完成时，从句常用一般过去时。,Not only,the book,but also he remembered what he had read.,他不仅看了这本书，而且他还记住他所读的内容了。,did he read,2,I felt bad,the,_,first,_,time,I talked to a group.,第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。,句中的,the first time,用作连词，用来引导时间状语从句，意为,“,第一次,”,。,The first time I interviewed him,he looked a bit nervous.,我第一次去采访他时，他看起来有点紧张。,He paid back the money he owed us immediately he returned home.,他一回到家就把欠我们的钱还上了。,I see the old man in the park,he is absorbed in reading papers.,每次我在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地读报。,关键一点,for the first time,在句中只能用作状语，不具有连词功能，不可用来引导状语从句。,Every time,.,完成句子,/,句型转换,1,一听到儿子的死讯，妈妈突然放声大哭。,(the,moment)_,_,，,the mother burst into tears.,答案：,The moment she heard her sons death,2,我们刚到工地就通知老板我们到了。,(immediately),_,，,we informed our boss of our arrival.,答案：,Immediately we arrived at the work site,3,It was only when I left my parents for Italy that I,realized how much I loved them.,Only when I left my parents for Italy _ _ _ how much I loved them.,答案：,did I realize,.,单项填空,1,_ you talk to someone or write a message,you,show your skills to others.,A,At times B,Some time,C,Every time D,The time,解析：,句意：每当你和别人谈话或写东西时，你都在向别人展示你的技能。,every time/each time,引导时间状语从句，意为,“,每当,”,，其他三项都不能引导时间状语从句。,答案：,C,2,(2011,江西省部分重点中学第二次联考,)Only when,we saw the photos about the Shanghai Expo _ how splendid it was.,A,had we known B,we had known,C,did we know D,we know,解析：,考查倒装与时态。,“,only,时间状语,”,放到句首的时候，主句用部分倒装。根据语意,“,只有看到上海世博会的照片后我们才了解到它有多么壮观,”,可知应该用一般过去时，故选,C,项。,答案：,C,定语从句,(),单项填空,1,(2012,大连市部分中学联考,)Everyone will go through,lifes stages of ups and downs,_ selfrespect plays,a key role in the maturity of a person.,A,when,B,which,C,as D,that,解析：,考查定语从句。句意：每个人都将经历人生的浮沉阶段，其间，自尊在一个人的成熟过程中起着关键作用。根据句意可知，后半句是定语从句，,when,在从句中作状语。,答案：,A,2,I dont know the reason _ you were absent,from the meeting,and I am not sure that someone will tell me the reason _ you havent told me.,A,why;that B,that;why,C,because;why D,of which;that,解析：,考查定语从句。第一空填关系副词,why,，在从句中作状语；第二空填关系代词,that,，在从句中作,told,的直接宾语。,答案：,A,3,Well be shown around the city,schools,museums,and,soms other places,_ other visitors sekdom go.,A,what B,which,C,where D,when,解析：,考查定语从句。关系词在从句中作地点状语，故选,C,。,答案：,C,4,(2011,南通调研,),livemocha,.,com,is a free site _,visitors can not just learn languages but also chat online.,A,that B,which,C,where D,what,解析：,考查定语从句。,where,引导从句修饰先行词,a free site,，且,where,在从句中充当地点状语。,答案：,C,5,(2011,盐城第二次调研,)Many college graduates are,willing to start online shops to get over the period _ they have difficulty finding a satisfactory job.,A,where B,when,C,which D,that,解析：,考查定语从句。,when,引导定语从句修饰先行词,period,，且,when,在从句中作时间状语。,答案：,B,
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