(通用版)高考英语二轮复习 专题5 短文改错 521 词法类错误课件 新人教版 课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,第二部分 题型应对策略,第,1,讲词法类错误,错误类型,1,谓语动词误用,1.,【解析】,第二句,requiredrequires,。考查时态。根据上一句的时态为一般现在时可知,此句中也应该用一般现在时,故将,required,改为,requires,。,2.,【解析】,tooktaken,。考查语态。本句意为“照了这张照片之后大约一个月,”,由句子结构可知,应该使用一般过去时的被动语态,故应用过去分词,taken,。,3.,【解析】,chosechoose,。考查动词形式。情态动词,can,后要用动词原形。,【技法点金】,1.,识别时态不一致,文章前后是现在时但却用了过去时,或前后都是过去时却用了现在时,导致时态不一致。,2.,判断并列不一致,在平行或并列结构中,动词的形式通常是一致的。关键的问题是看,and,or,等后的动词与前面的哪个动词并列,一定要理解,辨别清楚。,3.,留心语态错误,(1),构成被动语态的过去分词写成了过去式或现在分词。,(2),主动语态中却多了,be,以及,be,的变形,变成了被动语态。,4.,牢记情态动词用法,(1),情态动词后一定要接动词原形,但却用了过去式或其他形式。,(2),情态动词相互间的误用。,【过关检测】,1.(2019,黄山二模,)I must say that I am not surprised,when I heard of the good news.(),2.(2018,全国卷,)I didnt realize how right my,parents are until I entered high school.(),amwas,arewere,3.(2018,全国卷,)It was Monday morning,and the,writing class had just begin.(),4.(2019,济南三模,)I was worried and decide to take her,to a hospital nearby.(),beginbegun,decidedecided,5.(2017,全国卷,)When summer came,they will invite,their students to pick the vegetables!(),6.(2017,全国卷,)I had grown not only physically,but,also mentally in the past few years.(),camecomes,hadhave,7.(2016,全国卷,)Some classmates suggest we can go,to places of interest nearby.(),去掉,can,或,canshould,错误类型,2,非谓语动词误用,1.,【解析】,第二句,opens open,。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,is,后是动词不定式作表语,不定式中,to,后应用动词原形。,2.,【解析】,cafe,后加,to,。考查固定搭配。,want sb./sth.to do sth.,为固定搭配,表示“想让某人,/,某物做某事”。,【技法点金】,1.,辨清非谓语动词与谓语动词,句中已有谓语动词,且另一动词不作并列谓语,则只能用非谓语动词。,2.,搞清动词,-ing,形式与动词,-ed,形式的区别,动词,-ing,形式表主动、进行,;,动词,-ed,形式表被动、完成,;,动词,-ing,形式转化的形容词表示“令人,的”,常修饰物,;,而动词,-ed,形式转化的形容词表示“感到,的”,常修饰人。,3.,理清不定式符号,to,的两种命题方式,多余,:,感官动词和使役动词,(get,除外,),后面跟不带,to,的不定式作宾语补足语。,缺失,:,有些动词,如,want,decide,plan,等,后面应接带,to,的不定式作宾语。,4.,掌握介词标志,介词后一般需要跟名词或动词,-ing,形式。,5.,注意主语或宾语形式,主语或宾语常常使用动词,-ing,形式或不定式。,6.,明晰介词,to,与不定式符号,to,的用法区别,【过关检测】,1.(2019,全国卷,)If I succeed in manage one,I will,open more.(),2.(2018,全国卷,)Some of us were confident and eager,take part in the class activity;others were nervous and,anxious.(),manage managing,eager,后加,to,3.(2019,本溪三模,)Seen one of my favourite chocolate,cakes,I quickened my steps through the crowd.,(),SeenSeeing,错误类型,3,形容词和副词误用,1.,【解析】,coollycool,。根据前面的系动词,looked,可知需用形容词作表语。,2.,【解析】,largerlarge,。根据句意,作者害怕在一大群人面前讲话,这里没有比较的含义,故将,larger,改为,large,。,3.,【解析】,hardly hard,。考查副词辨析。,hardly,表示“几乎不”,hard,表示“努力地,用力地”。结合句意可知,把,hardly,改为,hard,。,【技法点金】,1.,明辨词性误用,形容词主要用来修饰名词和代词,表示事物或人的性质和特征。副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,在句中作状语。,2.,理清比较级、最高级的误用,原级和比较级混用。,比较级和最高级混用。,在本身已是比较级形式的基础上误加,more,。,在没有最高级的词前误加,most,。,3.,关注形近词误用,hard,意为“刻苦地,猛烈地”,而,hardly,意为“几乎不,几乎没有”,;beside,意为“在,旁边”,besides,意为“另外”。,4.,看清重点连接副词误用,however,主要用于转折或对比,意思是“然而,可是,但是”,;therefore,主要表示结果,意思是“因此,所以”。,【过关检测】,1.(2019,全国卷,)What I want is not just an ordinarily,cafe but a very special one.(),2.(2018,全国卷,)I felt happily that their life had,improved.(),ordinarily ordinary,happilyhappy,3.(2017,全国卷,)Beside,they often get some useful,information from the Internet.(),4.(2017,全国卷,)They often get up earlier and water,the vegetables together.(),Beside Besides,earlierearly,错误类型,4,名词和冠词误用,1.,【解析】,jobjobs,。,job,为可数名词,根据前面的形容词,different,可知要用复数形式。,2.,【解析】,informationsinformation,。,information,是不可数名词,没有复数形式。,3.,【解析】,an a,。考查不定冠词。,unique,为以辅音音素开头的单词,故把,an,改为,a,。,【技法点金】,1.,区分名词单复数的使用,(1),表示单个的东西或不可数名词时,要用单数。,(2),可数名词前由,all,many,a lot of,different,some,或者超过,1,的数词等修饰时,要用复数名词。,2.,牢记雷打不动的十大不可数名词,advice,news,information,progress,work,fun,weather,music,health,luck,。,3.,关注冠词的考查重点,(1)a,和,an,表达数量,或者泛指任何一个。,a,用于以辅音音素,(,不是辅音字母,),开头的词前,an,用于以元音音素,(,不是元音字母,),开头的词前。,(2),若对于某个名词有明指或暗示的情况,前面要加,the,。,(3),若某名词是复数、专有名词或抽象名词、物质名词,(,没有固定性状,),前面不适合加冠词,应把该位置空下来,形成“零冠词”。,(4),固定搭配中的冠词需要牢记。,【过关检测】,1.(2019,全国卷,)I wish to have a chain of cafes in,many different city.(),2.(2018,全国卷,)When I was little,Fridays night,was our family game night.(),citycities,FridaysFriday,3.(2018,全国卷,)During my last winter holiday,I,went to countryside with my father to visit my,grandparents.(),4.(2017,全国卷,)I enjoyed studying difference kinds,of cars and planes,playing pop music,and collecting,the latest music albums.(),countryside,前加,the,differencedifferent,5.(2017,全国卷,)They live far from the school,and it,takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every,day.(),6.(2017,全国卷,)Around me in picture are the things,which were very important in my life at that time:car,magazines and musical instruments.,(),第一个,aan/one,在,picture,前加,the,或,this,错误类型,5,介词和数词误用,1.,【解析】,去掉,like,。考查介词。,such as,与,like,都有“像”的含义,表示举例说明,它们不能连在一起用,故去掉,like,。,2.,【解析】,fivefifth,。根据句意“在我上五年级的时候,我想当一名老师因为我非常喜欢我的英语老师。”可知要用序数词,故改为,fifth,。,【技法点金】,1.,关注介词遗漏,(1),不及物动词后需要加介词才能加宾语。,(2),作定语的不定式中动词如果是不及物动词,或不定式修饰的名词和代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等,不定式后要有相应的介词。,2.,明辨介词多余,(1),及物动词后无需加介词再加宾语。,(2)this/that/these/those/last/next/a/every/each,等词构成的时间短语,前面不用任何介词。,3.,牢记相似介词的区别,in,、,on,、,at,的区别,:,表示时间时,in,表示在一段时间里,(,在将来时的句子中则表示在一段时间之后,),on,表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上下午等,at,表示在具体的时刻。,4.,识别序数词与基数词的混用和错用,“只描述数量多少”用基数词,;,强调顺序性,作“第几”讲的时候用序数词。,5.,注意年龄、年代的表达法,表达“在某人几十岁时”用“,in ones+,逢十的基数词复数”,;,表达“在几十年代”时,用“,in the+,逢十的基数词复数”。,【过关检测】,1.(2019,厦门三模,)After walking out the airport,you,can go along the road.(),2.(2017,全国卷,)In the summer holiday following,my eighteen birthday,I took driving lessons.,(),out,后加,of,eighteeneighteenth,3.(2018,全国卷,)Still I was unwilling to play the,games for them sometimes.(),forwith,