中考英语被动语态专题复习课件.ppt

<p>单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,festival.swf,被动语态,专项,复习,课前热身：巧记主动语态变被动语态顺口溜,主动变被动，划分句子成分主、谓、宾首先用，接着判断时态巧布控，主动谓语变被动，,be+,过分来使用。,宾语变主语，主语,by,宾语，谓语,be+,过分随时态记。,情态动词主动变被动，情态动词,+be+,过分一起用。,双宾物作主，指人宾语前要带,for,或,to.,使役、感官动词后，宾补动词别忘加,to,用。,其余部分不变化，抄下完整句子好说话。,一般现在时，,谓语,is/am/are+,过分来使用,；,一般过去时,，谓语,was/were+,过分来使用,；,一般将来时,，谓语,will/shall+be+,过分来使用,；,现在进行时,，谓语,is/am/are+being+,过分来使用,；,过去进行时,，谓语,was/were+being+,过分来使用,；,现在完成时,，谓语,have/has+been+,过分来使用,；,情态动词被动语态，,谓语,can/could/must/should/would/may+be+,过分,来使用,。,步骤一：典型题例,一,.,Read the,words about,chores,clean my bedroom,wash clothes,cook meals,做饭,water flowers,take out the trash,do the dishes,make ones bed,二,.read,and,answer,1.-,Who,cleans,your bedroom at your home?,-,My bedroom,is cleaned,by my mother/myself.,2.-,Who,washes,your clothes?,-,My clothes,are washed,by my mother/myself/,washing machine,.,洗衣机,二,.read,and,answer,3.-,Who,cooks,meals at your home?,-,The meals,are cooked,by my mother/me.,4.-,Who,waters,flowers at your home?,-,The flowers,are watered,by my father,二,.read,and,answer,5.-,Who,takes,out the trash at your home?,-,The trash,is taken,out by my mother/myself.,6.-,Who,does,the dishes at your home?,-,The dishes,are done,by my father,7.-,Who,makes,your bed at your home?,-,My bed,is made,by myself.,三,.Report(,报告,),In,my,family,，,my,bedroom,is,cleaned,by,myself,，,The,trash,is,taken,out,by me and my bed,is made,by,myself,，,But,other chores,are done,by,my,parents.,四,.,Oral,practice(,口语操练,),1.The,house,is cleaned by,my mother.,2.The,house,is built by,the workers.,3.The,flowers,are watered by,myfather,.,4.The,flowers,are planted by,me.,五,.Have a try(,试一试,),The,clothes,are washed,by,The,dishes,were washed,by,The,door,is opened,by,The,computer,is used,by,The,book,is read,by,The,English,is spoken,by,步骤二：考点精解,1.,被动语态基本用法：,当句子的主语是动作的,执行者,时，谓语的形式是,主动语态,。当句子的主语是动作的,承受者,时，谓语要用,被动语态,。被动语态由助动词,be+,过去分词,构成，时态通过,be,表现出来。,2.,规则动词的过去分词：,1),一般情况在动词原形后,加,-ed,watch-watch,ed,2),以不发音,e,结尾的加,-d,practice-practice,d,3),以辅音加,y,结尾的，去,y,变,i,加,-ed,study-stud,ied,4),以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，,先双写该辅音字母，再加,-ed,stop-stop,ped,3.,不规则动词的过去分词,：,am,is,are,been,have,has,had,do,done,write,written,go,gone,主动语态：,His,brother washes bowls,every,day,主（执行者）,谓,宾,(,承受者,),Bowls,are washed,by,his,brother,every day.,4.,主动语态被动语态,添加,5.,主动变被动的方法,:,People,speak,English,in the world.,主 谓 宾,English,is spoken,by people,in the world,.,总结,:,主动语态,被动语态,宾语 ,谓语 ,主语 ,其他 ,抄下来,主语,be+,P.P(,过去分词,),by+,宾语,1.,They,make,shoes,in that factory.,主语,+,及物动词,+,宾语,Shoes,are made,(by them)in that factory.,6.,一般现在时的被动语态：,变为被动语态一,S(,主语）,+,am/is/are +,过去分词,步骤三,：,Exercises,（针对练习，变被动语态）,They,play football on Sunday.,Lucy does the homework in the evening.,They often use computers in class.,We make these machines in Beijing.,Football,is played,(by,them),on Sunday.,The homework,is done,(by,Lucy,)in,the evening.,Computers,are often used,(by,them),in class.,These machines,are made,(by us),in,Beijing.,He looked after the little baby yesterday.,主,谓,(,动介,),宾,(,承受者,),The little baby,was looked after,by,him,yesterday,.,变为被动语态二,主动语态：,被动语态：,2.,They,bought,ten computers,last term,Ten computers,were bought,(,by them,)last term.,7.,一般过去时的被动语态：,S+,was/were,+,过去分词,步骤三,：,Exercises,（针对练习，变被动语态）,1,）,They,built,the tall building last year.,2)He,took good care of,his little brother yesterday.,3)We,cleaned,our classroom just now.,4)They,used,this room for resting.,The tall building,was built,by,them last year.,His little brother,was taken good care of,by,him yesterday.,Our classroom,was cleaned,by,us just now.,This room,was used for,resting,by,them.,注：动词短语作谓语，变被动语态时，不能省掉短语中的介词或副词，如例,2).,Tom will clean the room tomorrow,.,主,谓,宾,(,承受者,),The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,变为被动语态三,They,will finish,the work,in ten days.,The work,will be finished,(,by them,),in ten days.,8.,一般将来时的被动语态：,S,+,will+be,+,过去分词,Amy,can take good care of,Gina,Gina,can be taken good care of,by Amy.,9.,情态动词的被动语态：,S,+,can/may/must/should+be+,过去分词,变为被动语态四,1.He can take care of the baby.,2.Lucy may draw the pictures.,3.You must turn off the lights.,4.They should learn English well.,The baby,can be taken,care of by him.,The picture,may be drawn,by Lucy.,The lights,must be turned off,by you.,English,should be learned,well by them.,步骤三：,Exercises,（针对练习，变被动语态）,Some workers,are painting,the rooms,now,The rooms,are being painted,by some workers,now.,10.,现在进行时的被动语态：,S+,am/is/are+being+,过去分词,变为被动语态五,We,have made,twenty more keys,Twenty more keys,have been made,by us,.,11.,现在完成时的被动语态：,S,+,have/has+been+,过去分词,变为被动语态六,一般现在时：,一般过去时：,一般将来时：,情态动词：,现在进行时,:,现在完成时：,S+,am/is/are+,done(,过去分词,),S+,can/may/must/should+be+done,(,过去分词,),S+,will,+,be+done,(,过去分词,),S+,is/am/are,+being+,done,(,过去分词,),S+,have/has+been+,done,(,过去分词,),S+,was/were +,done,(,过去分词,),12.,各种时态的被动语态构成,13.,被动语态的用法,Football,is played all over the world,My,bike was stolen,我的自行车被盗了。,一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说,出动作的执行者时。例如：,一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如：,二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如：,三、汉语中含有,“据说”、“据悉”、“据报道”、“大,家说”,等时。例如：,It,is said,that,one day he climbed to the top of,a,house,.,It,was reported,that,her mother died of,SARS(,非典,).,众所周知,It,is well known,that,例如：,It is well known,that,Yao Ming is a basketball player.,据推测,It,is supposed,that,例如：,It is supposed,that,it will rain tomorrow.,四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。例如：,Tina,is asked,to come by Paul,（,Tina,是,被,Paul,叫来的,.,）,五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如：,He,was born,in October,，,1989,14.,主动语态变为被动语态的特殊情况,:,一、,使役动词,和,感官动词,在主动结构中，后面接不带,to,的不定式，但如果改成被动句，则需把省略的,to,加上，这类动词有：,hear,see,watch,make,help,let,等,。,1)I,heard,him,sing,last night.,He,was heard,to sing,last night.,2,)We,saw,him,walk,into the building.,He,was seen,to walk,into the building.,3)The boss,made,them,work,10 hours a day.,They,were made,to work,10 hours a day.,4)They,watch,the children,sing,that morning.,The,children,were watched,to sing,that morning,.,二、含双宾语的,主动语态变为被动语态,1,)Someone gave,the boy,an apple,.,(,间接宾语,),(,直接宾语,),An,apple(,物,),was,given,_,the boy.,The,boy,（人）,was given an apple.,2,)His father bought,him,a,present,.,A,present,（物）,was,bought,_,him,.,He,（人）,was bought a present.,to,for,Show,（,出示,）,sth,to,sb,/,show,sb,sth,sth,（物）,is shown,to,sb,.,sb,（人）,is shown,sth,2,.,Give,（,给,）,sth,to,sb,/,give,sb,sth,sth,（物）,is given,to,sb,sb,（,人,）,is,gvien,sth,3,.,Bring,（,带来,）,sth,to,sb,/,bring,sb,sth,sth,（物）,is brought,to,sb,sb,（人）,is brought,sth,Read and learn(,读并掌握,):,4,.,buy(,买,),sth,for,sb,/,buy,sb,sth,sth,（物）,is bought,for,sb,sb,（人）,is bought,sth,5,.,Make,（,作,）,sth,for,sb,/,make,sb,sth,sth,（物）,is made,for,sb,sb,（物）,is made,sth,Read and learn(,读并掌握,):,1.He,has given,us,some advice,.,We,_ _ _some advice.,Some advice,_ _ _to us by him.,2.She,taught,us,the song,.,We,_ _ the song by _.,The song,_,_,_ _ by her.,3.He,showed,me,his stamps,.,I,_ _ his stamps by him.,His stamps,_ _,_ _by him.,have been given,has been given,were taught,her,was taught,to,us,was shown,were shown,to me,步骤三：,Exercises,（针对练习，变被动语态）,Read and remember(,情感目标,),I find it very important that we learn English well,I find it very important for us to learn English well,(,我发现学好英语很重要,.),I think it very easy that we learn English well,I think it very easy for us to learn English well,(,我认为学好英语很容易,.),步骤四：高频考点突破,1.,用所给动词的正确形式填空,2.Be,动词的正确形式填空,3.,句型转换,:,4.,英汉互译（完成句子）,用所给动词的正确形式填空,1.Too much water,by him every day.(drink),2.Five apples,by Tom every day.(eat),3.I _,often_by,her.(help),4.She _often _by me.(hit),1.Many,trees _planted by us every year.,2.1000,trees _planted by us last year.,3.,A knife _ used to cut apples.,4.,The students _ asked to have breakfast.,用,be,的正确形式填空,观察,:be,动词有,_,_,和,_,的变化,.,is drunk,are eaten,helped,is,hit,are,were,am,时态,人称,数,is,are,Many trees,are planted by,people,every year.,Many trees,arent planted,by people every year.,Are,many trees,planted,by people every year?,What,is planted,by people every year?,Who,are,many trees,planted,by every year?,By whom,are,many trees,planted,every year?,Many trees are planted by people every,year,arent,they,?,People,plant,many trees every year.,句型转换,:,英汉互译,:,1.,她是由我帮助的,.,2,.,她受到了帮助,.,3,.,南方种水稻,.,4,.,每天要用很多水,.,5,.,山上种了很多树,.,She is helped by me.,She was helped.,Rice is grown in the south.,A lot of water is used every day.,Many trees are planted on the hill.,句型转换,:,We dont speak Japanese at school.(,被动语态,),Japanese _ _ by us at school.,2.The desk is made by Tom.(,主动语 态,),Tom _ the desk.,3.Its made in China,_ _?(,反意疑问句,),4.,The thief was,caught,_ _?(,同上）,5.Tom,be,by,the model plane,make,（连词成句）,isnt,spoken,makes,isnt,it,wasnt,he,The model plane is made by Tom.,步骤五：权威中考预测,()1.The,river smells terrible.People must _ dirty thing,into it.(,南京市中考题）,A be stopped to throw,B be stopped from throwing,C stop to throw,D stop from throwing,()2.This,book _ often _from the library.(,北京市中考题）,A arent take away B taken away,C isnt taken away D be taken away,3.He _ _(tell)to return his books to the library yesterday.(,黄冈市中考题）,was told,B,c,5.Another man-made satellite was sent up into space by them last week(,济南市中考题）,another man-made satellite into space last,week.(,变主动语态,),7.People there planted many trees last year.,many Trees,_ _ by people there last year.,(,青岛市中考题）,8.They grow vegetables on the farm.,The vegetables _ _on the farm,（上海市中考题）,T,They sent up,were,planted,are grown,步骤六：总结与启发,巧记主动语态变被动语态顺口溜：,主动变被动，划分句子成分主、谓、宾首先用，接着判断时态巧布控，主动谓语变被动，,be+,过分来使用。,宾语变主语，主语,by,宾语，谓语,be+,过分随时记。,情态动词主动变被动，情态动词,+be+,过分一起用。,双宾物作主，指人宾语前要带,for,或,to.,使役、感官动词后，宾补动词别忘加,to,用。,其余部分不变化，抄下完整句子好说话。,一般现在时，,谓语,is/am/are+,过分来使用,；,一般过去时,，谓语,was/were+,过分来使用,；,一般将来时,，谓语,will/shall+be+,过分来使用,；,现在进行时,，谓语,is/am/are+being+,过分来使用,；,过去进行时,，谓语,was/were+being+,过分来使用,；,现在完成时,，谓语,have/has+been+,过分来使用,；,情态动词被动语态，,谓语,can/could/must/should/would/may+be+,过分,来使用,。,步骤七：检测与模拟考试,(,家庭作业,),（一）把下列句子变为被动语态,1.He cleans,the classroom,everyday.,2.They,finished,their homework,.,3.I can mend,his bike,.,4.She will buy,ten books,tomorrow.,5.We shouldnt allow,them,to go out with their,friends.,6.The,old man often makes,us,laugh.,（二）,Translation,（翻译）,1,、在我家里，碗是由我来洗的。,2,、这些书是鲁迅在,1927,年写的。,3,、昨天，我的作业是由我的好朋友完成的。,4,、上学期间，我不被允许上网。,5,、在周末，他们都被允许一起打篮球。,</p>