非谓语(基础练习版).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,非谓语动词考点讲解,考点,一、,疑问词 不定式结构,常见的疑问词有,who,which,when,where,how,what,等。,疑问词不定式结构在句子当中起名词的作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语。,例,1,Ive work with children before,so I know what _ in my job.,A.expected B.to expect C.to be expecting D.expects,解析,该题考查,疑问词,+,不定式在句中做宾语,的用法。英语中有一些动词 后可以跟一个疑问词的不定式做宾语，如：,tell,discuss,know,show,learn,decide,wonder,explain,A:Would you like to come to my party?,Mary wanted to use my bike,but I asked her not,to,(use my bike).,B:Yes,Id love,to,(come to your party).,Mary,想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。,作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动词不定式常常省去,to,后面,的动词，只,保留,to,。,考点二,连词,+doing sth/done,When learning,a foreign language,we remember more words.,=when we learn a foreign language,we remember more words.,睡觉的时候，你最好把音乐开小一点。,Youd better turn down the music,when sleeping,./when you are sleeping.,进行听力训练时，请用磁带录音机。,Use your tape recorder,when doing listening practice,./when you are doing exercises.,例二、,When_ help,one often says“Thank you.”or“Its kind of you.”,A,offering B,to offer,C,to be offered D,offered,when+doing sth/done,when he/she is offered help,(2002,上海,)Though_ money,his parents managed to send him to university.,A.lacked,B.lacking of,C.lacking,D.lacked in,though lacking money=,though they lacked money,_for the breakdown of the school computer network,Alice was in low spirits.(2006,福建,),A.Blaming,B.lamed,C.To blame D.To be blamed,sb,be blamed,for sth,某人为某事承担责任,考点三,分词放在句首，或在逗号后面作状语的形式,_with so much trouble,we failed to complete the task on time.(,四川,),A,.Faced B.Face,C.Facing D.To face,sb,be,faced with,（被迫）面对什么,_ such heavy pollution already,it may now be too late to clean up the river.,（,NMET2001,）,Having suffered B.Suffering,C,.To suffer,D.Suffered,Dont use words,expressions,or phrases_ only to people with specific knowledge.,（,2002,上海）,being known,B.having been known,C.to be known,D.known,be known to sb,Dont use words,expressions,or phrases,which are known only to,people with specific knowledge.,The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.,（,2004,上海）,to smell B.smelling,C.smelt,D.to be smelt,The flowers,which smell sweet,in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.,考点四,分词做后置定语,After his journey from abroad,Richard Jones returned home,_.,（,2004,上海春）,A.exhausting,B.exhausted,C,.being exhausted,D.having exhausted,考点五,分词做状语,“,You can t catch me!”Janet shouted,_ away.,（,2005,全国卷三）,A,run,B,running,C,to run D,ran,I often hear,him,singing,this song.I often hear this,song,sung,.,Hearing,the news,he,couldnt help crying.,1.Finding her car stolen,_.A.a policeman was asked to help B.the area was searched thoroughly C.it was looked for everywhere D.she hurried to a policeman for help,D,考点六 分词的逻辑主语问题,考点七,在用分词短语作状语时,它逻辑上的主语一般必须与句子的主语一致,但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语,这种结构称,独 立 结 构,独立结构可以表示伴随动作或情况,表示时间、原因、条件等,He rushed into the room,his face covered with sweat.(,伴随情况,),The shower being over,we continued to march.(,时间,),So many students being absent,we decided to put the meeting off,.(,原因,),Weather permitting,well have an outing tomorrow.,(,条件,),分词的独立主格结构,The job,finished,we went home.,The weather,being fine,we went swimming.,He,being absent,nothing could be done.,当分词的逻辑主语不是主句的主语时，要给出它自己的主语，构成独立主格结构。,相当于：,After the job was finished,we went home.,Because the weather was fine,we went swimming.,Because he was absent,nothing could be done.,考点八 有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，,如：,admit,，,appreciate,，,avoid,，,consider,，,delay,，,dislike,，,enjoy,，,escape,，,excuse,，,finish,，,imagine,，,keep,，,mind,，,miss,，,practise,，,resist,，,risk,，,suggest,，,deny,等,。,考点九 有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词，但意义上有区别,，,如：,forget,，,remember,，,mean,，,regret,，,stop,，,try,等。,1.,有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差别,1,）,forget to do,忘记要去做某事（此事未做）,forget doing,忘记做过某事（此事已做过或已发生）,2,）,stop to do,停止、中断（某件事），目的是去做另一件事,stop doing,停止正在或经常做的事,3,）,remember to do,记住去做某事（未做）,remember doing,记得做过某事,(,已做,)4)regret to do,对要做的事遗憾,regret doing,对做过的事遗憾、后悔,5,）,try to do,努力、企图做某事,try doing,试验、试一试某种办法,6)mean to do,打算，有意要,mean doing,意味着,7,）,go on to do,继而（去做另外一件事情）,go on doing,继续（原先没有做完的事情）,8,）,propose to do,打算（要做某事）,proposing doing,建议（做某事）,Its no good/use,doing,Theres no,doing,不可能,Theres no knowing.,Theres no telling when he will be back.,Theres no joking.,介词,except/but,之后接不定式时，如果介词前有实意动词,do,则,except/but,后接不带,to,的不定式；反之，如果,except/but,前没有实意动词,do,，则不定式带,to,。,She has no choice but,to,wait,for the news.,The man can,do,everything but,speak,French.,动词,want,need,require,deserve,等和形容词,worth,后接,V-ing,形式的,主动形式,作宾语，表示,被动关系,，如接不定式时，则必须用被动形式。,即,need doing=need to be done,以下短语中,to,为介词,，接,名词，代词或,V-ing,作宾,get down to,开始认真（做某事）,look forward to,stick to,坚持,turn to,翻到，求助于,see to,照顾；处理,devote oneself to,be used to(doing sth.),Good-bye!,