期望理论 英文PPT.ppt

,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Expectancy Theory,期望理论,What is expectancy theory,Expectancy theory is a field of study about,employee motivation.According to this theory,the strength of a tendency to act in a certain way depends,on the strength of an expectation that act will be followed by a given outcome and on the attractiveness,of that outcome to the individual.In practical terms,it says that an employee will be motivated to exert a high level of effort when he or she believes that effort will lead to a good performance appraisal;which will lead to organizational rewards,and that reward will satisfy the,employees personal goals.,Expectancy Mode,Individual,effort,Individual,performance,1.Effort-performance relationship.The probability perceived by the individual that exerting a given amount of effort will lead to performance.,2.Performance-reward relationship.The degree to which the individual believes that performing at a particular level will lead to a desired outcome.,3.Rewards-personal goals,relationship.The,degree,to which organizational rewards satisfy an personal goals or needs.,Organizational,rewards,Personal,goals,Individual,effort,Individual,performance,Organizational,rewards,Individual,effort,Individual,performance,Personal,goals,Organizational,rewards,Individual,effort,Individual,performance,1,2,3,Application,The theory focused on performance variables.It has proved to offer a relatively,powerful explanation of employee productivity,absenteeism,and turnover.But the theory assumes that employees have few constraints on their decision discretion.It makes many of the same assumptions that the rational model makes about individual decision making.This acts to restrict its applicable.We can conclude,the theorys power in explaining employee productivity increases when the jobs being performed are more complex and higher in the organization.,期望公式,激励取决于行动结果的价值评价和其对应的期望值的乘积,：,M=VE,M-,motivation,激发人内部潜力的强度,V-,valence,目标有多大价值的主观判断,E-,expectancy,对实现该目标可能性大小的主观评估,我们可以利用期望理论来分析某种奖金制度有激励作用，还是没有激励作用。（如下图）,Directed by team SOS,Thanks for your attention,