高中英语专题复习chapter 1.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Chapter 1,：,SB,1,(Units 12),名词,写作导考,17,语法突破,04,目 录,返回目录,语法突破,名 词,1.,可数与不可数,（,1,）名词概述,【,精讲,】,不可数名词,可数名词,物质名词,water;milk;tea,个体名词,professor;engineer;president,抽象名词,pleasure;information;surprise,集体名词,crew;company;cattle;family,专有名词,China;OPEC;UN,返回目录,语法突,破,（,2,）可数名词变复数,规则变化,示 例,一般名词在词尾加,s,provinces;Germans,以,s,x,ch,sh,z,结尾的加,es,glasses;watches;boxes,;quizzes,以辅音字母加,o,结尾的在其后加,es,；元音字母加,o,结尾的加,s,heroes;tomatoes,;potatoes;zeroes;,studios;bamboos,;zoos;,例外：,photos;kilos;,pianos;tobaccos,以,f,或,fe,结尾的名词把,f,或,fe,改为,ves,leafleaves;wolfwolves;,knifeknives;,life,lives;shelf,shelves,例外：,proof,proofs;roof,roofs,辅音字母加,y,结尾的把,y,改为,i,加,es,；元音字母加,y,结尾的直接在其后加,s,babybabies;familyfamilies,；,victory,victories;play,plays;,keykeys,返回目录,语法突,破,不规则变化,示 例,只能作复数的名词：,A.,由两个部分构成的名词；,B.ing,结尾的名词,gloves,；,goods,；,clothes;trousers;glasses;,savings;earnings;belongings,单复数同形的名词,fish;spacecraft;means;Chinese,部分有规则的名词,foot(feet);tooth(,teeth);goose(geese,),Frenchman(Frenchmen);,例外：,boot(boots);German(Germans),合成词的复数：含有名词,的合成词在名词后加,s,looker(s,),-,on;,father(s,),-,in,-,law;,sister(s,)-in-law,单数和复数意思不同,sight(,视力,)sights(,名胜,),；,water(,水,)waters(,水域,),；,custom(,习惯,)customs(,海关,),；,spirit(,精神,)spirits(,情绪,),返回目录,语法突,破,【,精练,】,（,1,）,A group of,and,are eating,and,at the foot of the hill.,（）,A.sheep;deer;grass;leaves B.,sheeps,;deer;grasses;leaves,C.sheep;,deers,;grass;leaf D.,sheeps,;,deers,;grass;leafs,（,2,）,Though our home was right in the center of the,Tornado,there,was,fortunately.,（）,A.few damages B.few of damages,C.little damage D.little of damage,解析,sheep,deer,为单复数同形的名词，其数取决于其前的定语；,leaf,的复数形式要改,f,为,v,再加上,es,。,解析,damage,作“损坏”解时是不可数名词，,damages,是“赔偿金”的意思。,返回目录,语法突,破,（,3,）,I need,cloth,for Im going to make,clothes.,（）,A.a lot of;many B.much;much,C.many;many D.many;a lot,（,4,）,She is the only one among the,writers who,stories for children.,（）,A.woman;writes B.women;write,C.women;writes D.woman;write,解析,cloth,作“布料”解时是不可数名词，表示“穿的衣服”时，,clothes,是可数名词。,解析,“女作家们”是,women writers,who,引导定语从句，修饰先行词,the only one,，是单数，所以用,writes,。,返回目录,语法突,破,（,5,）,food and equipment were kept in that care during the war time.,（）,A.Quite a few B.Large quantities,C.A great deal of D.A large number of,2.,名词的所有格,【,精讲,】,解析,a great deal of,后加不可数名词，,food and equipment,都是不可数名词。,quite a few,和,a large number of,后均接可数名词复数。,有生命的名词,非,s,结尾的名词（单数或复数）加“,s”,a man,s clothes,以,s,结尾的加“,”；如果是专有名词则加“,s”,a girls,school,Mr.Jones,s house,返回目录,语法突,破,合成名词在最后加“,s”,anyone else,s opinions,多者共有在最后加“,s”,；各自拥有分别加“,s”,Tom and Mike,s room,Tom,s and Mike,s rooms,无生命的名词,表时间、距离、量度、价格、国家、城市、天体的名词后加“,s,”,today,s paper,Hong Kong,s future,表示工业、工厂、机器、大学的名词后加“,s”,the machine,s design,其他一般用,of,the top of tower,；,the legs of the table,介词,to,表示所有格,the key to the lock,；,the solution to the problem,返回目录,语法突,破,【,精练,】,（,1,）,Miss Smith is a friend of,.,（）,A.Marys mothers B.Marys mother,C.Mothers of Mary D.Mary mothers,（,2,）,Who did you spend last weekend with?,.,（）,A.Palmers B.The Palmers,C.The Palmers D.The Palmers,解析,“玛丽的妈妈的一个朋友”,a friend of Marys mothers,。再如，“我的一个朋友”,a friend of mine,。,解析,定冠词,the,加姓的复数表两夫妻或一家人。,返回目录,语法突,破,（,3,）,He dropped the,and broke it.,（）,A.cup of coffee B.coffees cup,C.cup for coffee D.coffee cup,（,4,）,It is,walk from my home to school.,（）,A.one and a half hours B.one and a half hours,C.one hour and a half D.one and a half hours,（,5,）,is developing these years.,（）,A.Chinese economy B.Chinas economy,C.The economy of Chinese D.Chinas economic,解析,名词作定语的几种情况见语法讲解。,解析,名词所有格形式，表示时间的名词的所有格应用,s,形式。此处指“一个半小时的路程”。,解析,名词所有格作定语，表示所有关系。选项,A,则为形容词，表示特性，即具有中国特性的。,返回目录,语法突,破,3.,名词作定语,【,精讲,】,表示地点、时间、材料、用途、类别等的名词用来作定语,London airport;summer holiday;,mother crocodile,名词作定语用复数,goods train;savings bank,含有名词的合成词作定语名词用单数,a five,-,pound note,man(woman),作定语修饰名词单数用单数，修饰复数用复数,a man doctor;two women nurses,名词作定语与名词所有格作定语的区别,a woman servant(,类别,),；,a woman,s servant(,不同类,),名词作定语与形容词作定语的区别,gold chain,金表链；,golden sunshine,金色的阳光,返回目录,语法突,破,【,精练,】,（,1,）,is one of the largest airports in the world.,（）,A.Londons Airport B.London Airport,C.The Airport of Londons D.The Londons Airport,（,2,）,Mike and Johns,.,（）,A.father is a teacher B.fathers are teachers,C.father are teachers D.fathers are teacher,解析,London Airport,是专有名词，再如,Beijing University,。,解析,这里表示,Mike,与,John,两个人共同的父亲，所以应该选,A,答案。,返回目录,语法突,破,（,3,）,A,bank is a bank where people can have their money in store conveniently.,（）,A.saving B.saved,C.savings D.savings,（,4,）,Another,bridge is to be built over the river.,（）,A.2000-meters-long B.2000-meter-long,C.2000 meter long D.2000 meters long,解析,savings bank,意为“储蓄银行”，其他搭配均错误。,解析,用来作定语的合成词，其中的名词要用单数。,返回目录,语法突,破,（,5,）,Yesterday we called at,.,（）,A.my uncle B.a friend of my uncles,C.aunt D.Marys sisters,解析,call at,后接地点，,Marys sisters,是“玛丽的姐姐家”之意，再如：,the doctors,医务室。,返回目录,写作导考,口头通知,1.,写作指导,通知的目的是使被通知对象知道发生的事情或将要发生的事情。通知有口头通知和书面通知两种。,口头通知和平时讲话一样，但要有开场白，如：,Ladies and gentlemen,may I have your attention,please?,Boys and girls.Attention,please.I have a piece of news to tell you.,Be quiet,please.I have something important to tell you.,结束时还可以有一些客套语，如：,Thats all,thank you.,So much for this,thank you.,Any questions?,返回目录,写作导考,2.,写作模板,3.,范文背诵,写一则口头通知：假如你是某外国语学校的广播员，请根据以下提示用英语写一则口头通知，词数,80,左右。通知包括以下内容：,（,1,）根据早上收音机的天气预报，今晚有大雨，要求学生们离开教室时关好门窗。,Ladies and Gentlemen:,May I have you attention,please?I have something important to tell you.There is going to be_,_,（通知内容）,.,That,s all,thank you.,返回目录,写作导考,（,2,）原计划明天举行的运动会推迟，天气转晴时另行通知，明天照常上星期三的课。,（,3,）明天较冷，同学们要及时加衣服，骑车上学的同学不要打伞骑车（,open an umbrella,）。,One possible version,：,Boys and girls,Attention,please!Weve received the weather forecast over the radio this morning that there will be a heavy rain tonight.Be sure to shut the windows and the doors when you leave your classroom.The sports meet which we planned to hold tomorrow will be put off.After it becomes fine,well fix the time of the meet.We will have classes of,返回目录,写作导考,Wednesday as usual.,Since it is colder tomorrow,please put on more clothes in time.Those who come to school by bike dont keep your umbrella open while you are riding.,Thats all.Thank you!,