Unit3-3Furtherreading.pptx

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2015-2-5,#,Unit 3 Further reading,What is a queer plant?Decide whether the following plants are queer or,not.,1.Read,the article carefully and answer the following questions.,1)How can a dandelion seed,fly,?,2)Where do the plants that grow in the air get their food?What food do they live on?,3)In what way does a pitcher-plant eat insects?Can you describe it?,They get food from the dust and the fog.,The tiny umbrella on the end of every dandelion helps it float off on the wind.,The pitcher of the pitcher plant is really a trap.When the insect gets down to the water,he is unable to go back.He falls into the water and drowns.The insect soon becomes good food for the plants,so we say this plant eats insects.,4)Can you give another title for the article?,5)What do the word“that”and“if”in Line 3,Paragraph 1,respectively,refer to?,6)Look at the word“that”in Paragraphs 2 and 3.What does each of them refer to?,Strange Plants,That refers to the tiny umbrella on the end of every dandelion.It refers to the dandelion seed.,2.,Complete the following sentences with the proper forms of the words and expressions given,.,1),people had gone to the front and few came back.,2)Many of the graduates from university,find,jobs now.,3)He is leaving,this term.,4)When I was a child,mother told me not to get close to the river or I would,.,5)That was,an enjoyable evening!,6)He answered all the questions,the last one.,7)Phillip,can you see something red,on the water,?,8)Ive never,anyone doing that.,9)Weve got,support.,10)Jims hands were,with honey.,A great many,are unable to,at the end of,drown,really,except,floating,heard of,a great deal of,sticky,3.Make,sentences of your own by using the following expressions,.,A.see/watch/hear sb.do sth.:(see/watch/hear certain action from the beginning to the end),For,example:,One,day you will,see,the,fly-away,seeds,go,travelling on the wind,.,B.see/watch/hear sb.doing sth.:(see/watch/hear a part of certain action),For,example:,Have,you ever,seen,a seed,flying,along like a bird or an airplane?,I heard the clock strike 12 last night.,I could see the smoke rising from the chimney.,4.Surf,the Internet to,find,an interesting story about some plant.Rewrite the story in about,100,words and then share it with the whole,class.,课文注释,1.You may know that when the dandelion blossom becomes white and light,seeds are getting ready to fly away.,也许你知道当蒲公英的花朵变得通体雪白、轻盈无比时，那就是它的种子准备好要四处飘散的时候了。,1,）,此句为,that,引导的宾语从句，从句中又带有,when,引导的时间状语从句。,He told me that if I had been there,I would have seen the famous star.,他告诉我要是我当时在那里就能见到明星了。,All of us know that whenever she comes here,she will give us a lecture.,所有的人都知道任何时候只要她来，她准会给我们做报告,。,2,）,get/be ready to do;get/be ready for,（,1,）准备好,Have you got ready for a journey?,你们准备好旅行了吗？,Are you ready for the competition?,你准备好参加比赛了吗？,Ive got my overalls on,so Im ready to start work.,我已经穿上了长罩衣，准备开始工作了。,（,2,）决心做某事，愿意并急欲采取行动,Hes always ready to help his friends.,他总是乐于帮助朋友。,The troops were ready for anything.,部队已作好一切准备。,（,3,）即将做某事，正要做某事,She looks ready to collapse at any time.,她看样子随时都可能垮下来。,【,辨析,】be prepared for,be prepared to do,be prepared for,：对某事物（尤指令人不愉快的事）做好准备。,I knew there were problems,but I wasnt prepared for this!,我知道有些问题，却未料到这一点！,be prepared to do,：能够并愿意做某事。,Im prepared to lend you the money if you promise to pay it back.,我愿意把钱借给你，你得答应还给我。,Im not prepared to stay and listen to these outrageous insults.,我可不愿在这儿受这种奇耻大辱。,2.On the end of every dandelion seed is a tiny umbrella that helps it to float off on the wind.,在每粒蒲公英种子的末端，都长着一把小伞，帮助种子随风飘荡。,该句为倒装句中的完全倒装。本课还有类似的句子：,Among these are the pitcher plants.,猪笼草就是这一类植物。,and the lid and the inside wall of the pitcher is juicy.,“,盖子”上和内壁四周都覆满着一种甜甜的、很招苍蝇等小虫喜欢的汁。,On the inside there are little hairlike growths pointing down.,“,水罐”里面悬吊着很多像头发一样的须。,【,归纳,】,倒装句的形式：,英语的倒装句有完全倒装（将谓语动词完全移到主语前）和部分倒装（只将助动词或情态动词放到主语之前）两种：,（,1,）完全倒装。,A.,用于,there be,句型。,There are many students in the classroom.,教室里有许多学生。,There is no harm in trying.,试一试没有害处的。,【,注意,】,这类句型中还可用,seem to be,happen to be,live,stand,lie,等动词。,There seems to be something wrong with it.,好像出了什么毛病。,B,.,用于,so,nor,neither,开头的句子，表示重复前句部分内容。其谓语应与前句谓语的时态、形式相一致。,He has been to Beijing.So have I.,他去过北京，我也去过,。,C.,用于“,here/now/then+,不及物动词,+,主语”的句型中，包括,down,out,in,away,off,over,back,forward,等副词开头的句子里，以表示强调。,There goes the last train!,末班车来了！,Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas.,雨下下来了，伞撑起来了。,【,注意,】,如果主语为人称代词，谓语动词须放在主语后面，不倒装。,Here it comes.,它来了。,D,.,当句首为表示地点的介词词组作状语时。,South of the city lies a big steel factory.,有一家大型钢铁厂位于城市的南部。,E,.,表语置于句首时，倒装结构为“表语,+,连系动词,+,主语”。,Among,the goods are Christmas trees,，,flowers,，,candles and toys.,货品中有圣诞树、花朵、蜡烛和玩具。,（,2,）部分倒装。,A.,用于疑问句。,How old is your father?,你父亲多大年纪了？,Would you like tea or coffee?,你想喝茶还是咖啡？,B.,用于省略,if,的虚拟条件状语从句。如果条件状语从句的谓语部分有,were,had,或,should,等时，可省去,if,把,were,had,或,should,移到主语之前倒装。,Were,I you,（,=if I were you,），,I would do the work better.,我要是你，我会做得更好。,Had I caught the first bus,I would have come to the party on time.,要是我赶上第一班车，我就准时到会了。,Should it rain tomorrow,the crops would be saved.,如果明天下雨的话，庄稼就有救了。,C.,用于某些表示祝愿的句子。,May you succeed!,祝你成功,！,D.,用于,only,开头的句子（即：,On1y+,副词介词短语状语从句,+,助动词,+,主语,+,谓语）。,Only this afternoon did I finish the novel.,我今天下午才看完这部小说。,Only by working hard can we succeed in everything.,我们做每件事情只有通过努力才能获得成功。,Only in this way can you master English.,只有通过这种方法你才能掌握英语。,Only when he told me did l realize what trouble he was in.,只是在他告诉我之后我才意识到他所处的困境,【,注意,】,如果,only,修饰主语放在句首，则不用倒装。,Only Wang Ling knows this,只有王宁知道这件事,。,E.,用于表示否定、半否定意义的词（,hardly,little,seldom,rarely,scarcely,never,not only,not until,）放在句首时，以及,Hardly when,，,Scarcely when,；,No sooner than,等句型中。,Never have I been asked to do that before.,从来没人叫我那样做。,Not until he got home did he realize that he had lost his keys.,他回到家才意识到丢了钥匙。,F.,当“,so,such that”,结构中的,so,或,such,位于句首时。,So many questions did they ask me that l got confused.,他们问了太多的问题使我都糊涂了。,Such a fierce dog did he have that we had to wait before we could get in.,他家的狗太厉害，我们只好等待（开门）才能进去。,（,3,）,as,though,引导的让步状语从句也是一种倒装句。,即：名词形容词副词分词,+as+,主语,+,动词；动词,+as+,主语,+,助动词。,Pretty as she is,，,she is not clever.,（形容词）她虽然很漂亮，但是不聪明。,=Although she is pretty,，,she is not clever.,Woman as she is,，,she is courageous.,（名词）她虽然是个女性，但是很勇敢。,=Although she is a woman,，,she is courageous.,【,注意,】,若从句的表语是名词或形容词的最高级时，其前不加冠词。,Child as he was,，,he had to make a living.,尽管他是个孩子，他不得不谋生。,Shortest as he is in our class,，,he runs fastest.,虽然他是我班最矮的，但是他跑得最快。,3.Watch the dandelion blossom as it turns white and gets light,and one day you will see the flyaway seeds go travelling on the wind.,好好留意已经变得雪白轻盈的蒲公英花朵，有一天你就会发现它的种子在风中四处飘游。,“祈使句,+and+,陈述句”，相当于,if,引导的肯定的条件状语从句。,=If you watch the dandelion blossom,one day you will see the flyaway,Work harder,and you will make greater progress.,再努力点，你会取得更大的进步。,=If you work harder,you will make greater progress.,【,辨析,】“,祈使句,+or+,陈述句”，相当于,if,引导的否定的条件状语从句。,Hurry up,or youll be late for school again.,快点，否则你上学又要迟到了。,=If you dont hurry up,youll be late for school again.,4.But there are some plants that grow in the air.,可也有些植物的根却是长在空中。,that grow in the air,在句中是定语从句。当定语从句修饰“,There be”,句型中表物的名词（,some plants,）时，关系代词用,that,，不用,which,。,There are quite a few things that we have to do now.,我们目前要做的事很多。,【,归纳,】,定语从句用,that,不用,which,的情况：,（,1,）先行词是,all,much,little,everything,anything,no,none,the one,等时。,He did everything that he could to help us.,他尽了一切努力来帮我们。,（,2,）先行词前有,only,，,any,，,little,，,no,，,all,，,one of,等修饰时。,You can take any seat that is free.,只要是空位你就可以坐。,（,3,）先行词是序数词、数词或者被序数词修饰时。,This is the first composition,（,that,）,Ive written in English.,这是我用英语写的第一篇作文。,（,4,）先行词是最高级或被形容词的最高级修饰时。,This is the best film that has been shown in our city this year.,这是我们市今年上演的最好的电影。,（,5,）先行词是,be,的表语时。,Its a book that will help you a lot.,这是一本对你大有帮助的书。,（,6,）关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。,The village is no longer the poor place that it used to be,这个村庄不再是过去那个穷困的地方了,。,（,7,）先行词既有人又有物时。,Later my father and Mr.Wang talked for about half an hour of things and persons,（,that,）,they remembered in the school.,后来王老师和我父亲就他们所能记得的学校里的人和事谈了大约半个小时。,（,8,）主句以,there be,开头时。,There is a seat in the corner that is still free.,角落里还有一个空位。,（,9,）先行词前有,the same,修饰时。,Shes wearing the same dress,（,that/as,）,she wore yesterday.,她今天穿着和昨天一样的衣服。,5.Some people think that such plants have no food except the air,有些人因此认为这些植物只有靠空气才能得以生存,except“,除了”，用于表示排除整体中的同类事物，后面可接名词、代词、介词短语、不定式或从句，有时可与,but,互换。,All the students in our class went there except/but him.,除了他，我们全班同学都去了。,（,Meaning:He didnt go there.,）,I like all kinds of balls except/but basketball.,除了篮球，所有的球类运动我都喜欢。,（,Meaning:I dont like basketball.,）,I have no choice except/but to stay here.,除了待在这里，我没有别的选择。,She,is a lovely girl except that she cries sometimes.,她是个很可爱的孩子，就是有时爱哭,。,【,辨析,】except for/besides/apart from,（,1,）,except for+n.“,除了”，用于表示排除整体中的不同类事物或排除细节，可置句首也可置句中。,I like this house very much,except for its painting.,我非常喜欢这座房子，就是不满意它的粉刷。,Except for an old lady,the bus is empty.,这辆车里只坐了一个老太太。,（,2,）,besides“,除了”，表示,besides,的内容包含在内。,My friends also know the star besides me.,不止是我，我的朋友也认识那个明星。,（,Meaning:My friends and I all know the star.,）,（,3,）,apart from“,除了”，根据句意，既可表达排除之意，又可表达包含之意，且多置句首。,Apart from his nose,hes quite goodlooking.,他除了鼻子以外，哪儿都很好看。,Apart from the injury to his face and hands,he broke both legs.,他除了脸部和双手受伤以外，两条腿也断了。,6.In the warm,moist,southern part of our country many of the trees have a great deal of hanging moss,.This,is really not moss,but just a great many air plants growing close together.,在我国温暖湿润的南方，很多树全身都爬满了苔藓。其实，它们不是真正的苔藓，而是众多聚集生长、交错盘结的空气植物,。,a great/good deal of,修饰不可数名词；,a great/good many,修饰可数名词。,She spent a great deal of money on her clothes.,她花了很多钱买衣服。,A great many workers have joined in the strike.,许多工人加入到罢工的行列,。,【,辨析,】a great deal/a great deal of;a good many/a good many of,的区别,（,1,）,a great deal,在句子中作状语，表示“大量地，常常”；,a great deal of,后接不可数名词，表示“许多，大量的”。,He used to help me a great deal.,他曾经帮了我很多。,He used to give me a great deal of help.,他曾经给过我大量的帮助。,（,2,）,a good many,表示“许多”，后接可数名词复数，即,a good many+n,（,pl,）；,a good many of,表示“,中的许多”，后面接,the+,可数名词复数，即,a good many of the+n.,（,pl,）。,A good many travelers come to the Great Wall every day,and a good many of them are from Germany.,每天都有许多旅行者来到长城，他们中的许多人来自德国。,【,归纳,】,常用于修饰可数名词和不可数名词的短语：,A.,修饰不可数名词的常用短语：,a great deal of,a large amount of,a little,a bit of,B.,修饰可数名词的常用短语：,a large number of,a great/good many,a few,hundreds of,C.,既能修饰可数名词，又能修饰不可数名词的常用短语：,a lot of,plenty of,a large/small quantity of,7.but there are some plants that really use flies and bugs for food.,可是，有些植物真的以苍蝇、小虫等为食。,use for,使用，运用，利用,She uses her unmarried name for professional purposes.,她处理业务时使用娘家姓氏。,I use my bike for shopping.,我购买东西时骑自行车去。,被动语态为“,be used for”,。,A hammer is used for driving in nails.,锤子是用来钉钉子的。,【,联想,】be used as,be used to do,be used to sth./doing,used to do,（,1,）,be used as,被用作,Bad weather is often used as an excuse for being late.,坏天气常被用作迟到的借口,。,（,2,）,be used to do,被用来做,A knife is used to cut things.,小刀是用来切东西的。,（,3,）,be used to sth./doing,习惯于某事做某事,He is used to the weather in Chongqing now.,现在他已习惯于重庆的天气了。,We are used to having a walk after dinner.,我们习惯于晚餐后散散步。,（,4,）,used to do,be,过去常做某事（但现在已不做了）；过去曾经存在的事物（现在不存在了）,He used to smoke a lot.,他以前吸烟很厉害。,There used to be a river in this town.,这镇上曾经有一条小河。,