短文改错课件(培优).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,高考英语专项复习短文改错,How to do proofreading,Countdown,77 days,考纲解读,模块,5,考纲解读,高考短文改错是知识和能力的综合测试题型。主要考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语知识的准确性及,词、句、篇和语法的综合水平。,高考短文改错题设置的考点灵活多变，知识层次多，覆盖面广，包括,词法、句法、行文逻辑以及语篇结构,等，是一种在较高层次上考查考生对英语知识的掌握和语言综合运用能力的测试题型。,考点,2014,2013,2012,2011,2010,动词,现在完成进行,现完,过去时,过去时,名词,单复数,adj.,转,n.,复数,不可数名词（,advice,）,形容词,修饰作用（,2,）,无,修饰作用,无,副词,before,与,ago,区别,cut off,转,cut down,无,much,多余,冠词,固定搭配,多余,the,缺少,a,缺少,代词,复合不定代词,复合不定代词,人称代词,无,介词,固定搭配,多余,think over,改,think about,on,改成,in,连词,转折（,but,）,选择（,or,）,or,改成,so,or,改成,and,从句,主语从句（,what,）,2014-2010,年全国卷短文改错考点分析,高考短文改错命题规律,题量 考点,年份,动词,名词,连词,形容词,副词,代词,冠词,介词,2007,全国,I,1,1,2,0,1,2,1,1,2008,全国,I,4,1,1,0,0,1,0,2,2009,宁夏海南,4,0,1,1,0,1,1,1,2010,课标全国,2,2,1,1,0,0,1,2,2011,课标全国,3,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,合计,14,6,6,3,2,5,4,7,命题分析,模块,5,命题分析,2009/2010,年新课标区短文改错透析,考区,年份,体裁,题材,词数,海南、,宁夏,2010,记叙文,朋友在美国经历的一件趣事,112,2009,应用文,(,书信,),第一周大学生活描述,128,浙江,2010,记叙文,一件就餐时的小事，表现了妈妈的爱心,108,2009,夹叙夹议,一位卡车司机,先人后己的活雷锋,105,模块,5,命题分析,辽宁,2010,记叙文,我班的小女孩,Christine,88,2009,记叙文,一次自己卖报筹钱买自行车的经历,105,陕西,2010,记叙文,姐姐买杯子时发生的尴尬事,110,模块,5,命题分析,从近几年的高考短文改错题看，试题具有下面的特点：,1,选材,短文改错的文体多为第一,/,三人称记叙文、应用文,(,以书信为主,),、议论文。一般在,110,词左右。所选取的语言材料贴近实际生活，多为考生所熟知，且话题贴近学生，有的带点幽默，有的包含教育意义。文字浅显易懂，材料中没有生僻、超纲的词汇；句子结构简单，基本上是简单句和并不复杂的复合句；语言地道，符合英语语言习惯。,考查要点,1.,词法的测试,词法的测试包括：,1),定,冠词,和不定冠词的用法；,2),名词,的单复数和名词所有格；,3),动词,的时态、语态、语气、情态动词和非谓语动词等；,4),人称,代词,的格、物主代词、指示代词、连接代词、不定代词等的用法；,5),介词,的搭配；,6),并列,连词,、从属连词的用法；,7),形容词,、,副词,的区别以及比较级和最高级的用法；,8),固定搭配和习惯用法。,短文改错口诀,短文改错要做好,常见类型应记牢。,名词爱考,数,与,格,冠词在前错、多、少。,动词时态和语态,非谓搭配莫错了。,连、代、形、副错一样,多是故意来混淆。,介词多半考搭配,多、漏、误用想周到。,词法句法均未错,逻辑推理去寻找。,考查要点,2.,句法的测试,句法的测试包括：,1),主谓语在数上的一致；,2),名词性从句；,3),定语从句；,4),强调句型；,5),句子结构的连贯性、完整性、对等性及逻辑性。,考查要点,3.,语篇的测试,语篇的测试包括：,1),上下文中的时态是否一致；,2),上下文中的代词是否一致；,3),上下文中的逻辑是否一致；,4),上下文中的词、词组、从句的替代是否正确。,应试点睛,模块,5,应试点睛,作为一个与时俱进的新题型，新课标试卷中的短文改错是考生失分较多的题型。,原因有两个方面：,一是错误的不确定性。这主要是因为和传统的短文改错相比，新课标短文改错每行可能有两个错误。,二是因为设错的内容多为考生在平常进行语言操练时常犯的错误。做好短文改错题应注重以下技巧：,解题技巧,1.,通读全文，了解短文的中心意思，把握全篇的时态、人称及行文逻辑。尤其是行文逻辑方面的错误，有时孤立地读一个单句时是没有错误的,(,或是不易看出错误,),。但是，如果联系上下文，就会发现该句的问题所在。在通读全文的同时把一些比较容易的或是明显的错误先改好，这样也为再进行分行、分句改错时，起到了降低难度的作用。,解题技巧,2.,分句阅读，逐行找错。做完上述工作后，就要进入逐行改错的阶段。这时就要对文中的词法、句法和语篇,(,详见考查要点,),角度着重分析和特别注意。,3.,最后，把改好后的短文再阅读一遍，检验答案是否正确，感觉是否还有不妥之处，最终形成定稿。,做,短文该错应采取三个步骤,1.,通读短文，掌握大意,2.,细读全文，逐一作答,3.,复读全文，验证答案,注意答题说明及答题规范,文中共有,10,处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。,1.,修改（,68,个,）：,在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。,The book is well worth,read,.,reading,2.,增加（,12,个）：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）,并在其下面写出该加的词。,catch sight,him,of,3.,删除（,12,个）：把多余的词用斜线（,）划掉。,He is right there in the front of me.,注意答题说明,1.,每处错误及修改均仅限一词；,2.,只允许修改,10,处，多者（从第,11,处起）不计分。,名词的错误主要是单、复数形式及名词所有格的错误。例如：,2011,陕西,:.,I came across a crew making a new film with one of my favorite actor.,2011,浙江,:,I was playing at my cousin house,.,2011,辽宁,:.,the rate of UFO reports was steady,around three per weeks.,一,.,词法,名词爱考“数”与“格”,actors,cousins,week,常考的错误形式有：,the,a,an,的用法错误，以及冠词的多用或少用。,2011,陕西：,He was right there in the front of me.,2010,课标全国,:,My friend Nick told me story about his,experience back in the US.,2010,陕西：,Then she bent down and picked up to look at a price on it,.,冠词在前“错”“多”“少”,a,the,动词时态与语态,主要错误动词的时类型是时态和语态误用以及在倒装句强调句中动词词型的误用。例如：,2011,陕西,:,.,by the time I got back,they have finished the scene and.,2011,浙江,:,She knows what had happened,but she thanked me.,2010,陕西,:,It was turned out to be her own cup.,had,knew,这是考查较多的错误形式之一。主要是现在分词、过去分词，动名词和不定式错误。,2010,课标全国,:,On the box was a card said:“25 cents.”,2010,浙江,:,I noticed Mother looking at a nearby table occupy by an elderly woman.,2009,浙江,:,It was a lesson that it was possible give without expecting anything in return.,saying,occupied,to,非谓搭配莫错了,连词,、代词、形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。例如：,连,、,代,、,形,、,副错一样,多是故意来混淆,2011,陕西,:,I was really disappointing and,about to leave.,2011,浙江,:,When she dropped me off,I pulled,out the toy slow and gave it back.,2011,陕西,:,The actor couldnt be seen everywhere.,disappointed,slowly,anywhere,介词在高考中考查多与固定搭配有关。例如：,2011,浙江,:.,I would never be able to enjoy to playing with the toy,2011,陕西,:.,about to leave when he walked out a building,2011,浙江,:,There was one on particular Id always wanted.,of,in,介词多半考搭配,多、漏、误用想周到,二,.,句法涉及到一致,从句多考关系词,句子主语与谓语动词的一致性错误以及复合句引导词的误用等。例如,:,2011,辽宁,：,.,the rate of UFO reports were steady.,2011,浙江,:,It turned out to be her own cup,that shed left on the shelf by mistake.,2010,宁夏青海,:.,let me know what things are going.,2009,辽宁,:,One day I saw a second-hand bicycle,that was only one hundred,yuan,.,was,which,how,which,三,.,词法句法均未错,行文逻辑推理来寻找,主要是句子之间逻辑关系的矛盾，代词在人称上的不一致等。例如：,2011,陕西：,I didnt have my camera with me at that time,but I rushed back home to get,2011,辽宁,:,Wayne Tyler decided to make his findings known.They wrote an article,2010,陕西,:,The assistant was clearly as embarrassed as my sister,for I just thought it was funny.,and,或,so,He,but/yet/while,真题再现,文中共有,10,处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。,增加,：在缺词处加一个漏字符号,(),，并在其下面写出该加的词。,删除,：把多余的词用斜线,(),划掉。,修改：,在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。,注意：,1.,每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；,2,只允许修改,10,处，多者,(,从第,11,处起,),不计分。,专题一 记叙文型短,文改错,2011,年课标,全国卷高考试题中的短文改错,My summer travel started terribly.I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a ticket to Hangzhou.I was going to visit a friend here and after that I would go to Xiamen for long holiday.I bought my ticket but turned around to pick up my bag from the floor and then I realized that someone had stolen it.Luckily I had all my money on my pocket,but the only clothes I had was those I had on.It felt very strange to travel without,luggages,.When I finally arrived at my friend he lent to me lots of clothes.I feel very happy that I could change my clothes at last.,Practice,2011,年课标,全国卷高考试题,My summer travel started terribly.I was at the,Shanghai Railway Station buy a ticket to,Hangzhou.I was going to visit a friend here and,after that I would go to Xiamen for long holiday.I,bought my ticket but turned around to pick up my,Practice,_,buying,_,there,a,_,and,非谓语动词,副词,冠词,连词,bag from the floor and then I realized that someone,had stolen it.Luckily I had all my money on my,pocket,but the only clothes I had was those I had,on.It felt very strange to travel without,luggages,.,When I finally arrived at my friend he lent to me,lots of clothes.I feel very happy that I could change my,clothes at last.,_,in,_,were,_,luggage,_,friends,_,felt,介词,句法一致性,名词,介词,动词时态,专题二 应用文型短,文改错,Dear,Mrs,Winthorp,，,So my first week at college is over!No lectures this morning so I think I,d email you and let you know what things are going.,I,m glad to say that anything has worked out fine in the dorm.I remembered asking for a room as far away from the lifts as possible and they find me a comfortable one on second floor.There are two girls from my course here and I plan to make friend with them so that we can help each other on the course work.Everyone else seems very nice and warmly here.,Well,I had better to stop now.I,m going to attend mine first lesson this afternoon,for I,ve got some preparation to make.Keep in touch.,Best,，,Carol,专题 二,真题再现,【,答案,】,专题 二,真题再现,专题三 议论文型短,文改错,Here is my idea about how a friend is like.Firstly,a friend is someone you can share your secrets.If you tell him a secret,never will he talks about it with anybody else.Besides,a friend is always good listener when you need one.After hear your sad stories,he will say some words that is nice and warm.Still,your happiness makes him happily too.What,s more,a good friend is willing to offer the help to which you need,or can at least give you some advices.In a word,friends are those you like and trust,and you will enjoy every minute that you spent with them.,【,答案,】,Homework,Finish the proofreading exercises on the papers.,Thank,you,！,Goodbye!,