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(英语)初中英语虚拟语气真题汇编(含答案)含解析
一、初中英语虚拟语气
1.If I _____ you ,I _____ them the story.
A. was , tell B.were , will tell C.were ,would tell D.am. would tell
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:假如我是你,我会告诉他们这个故事。本题考察虚拟语气,if 从句中用一般过去时,主句中用would +动词原形,表达与目前事实相反。故选C。
考点:考察虚拟语气使用方法。
2.--What would you do if you ____ a million dollars?
--I’d give it to the charity
A.win B.won C.will win D.is to win
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:假如你赢了一百万美元,你要做什么?——我会把它捐给慈善机构。结合语境可知条件从句中描述是与未来相反事实,故用一般过去时态,选B。
考点:if引导条件状语从句
点评:虚拟语气是一种特殊动词形式,用来表达说话人所说话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思,看假设条件与否可以实现,可以实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。
1、与目前事实相反
若与目前事实相反,条件从句谓语用过去式(be一般用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”
2、与过去事实相反
若与过去事实相反,条件从句谓语用过去完毕时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”
3、与未来事实相反
若与未来事实相反,条件从句谓语用过去式(be一般用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”:
3.If I ________ ten years younger, I _________ piano lessons and go to a music college.
A.am; will take B.was; took C.were; will take D.were; would take
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:if虚拟语气中,对目前状况进行虚拟,从句谓语动词均用一般过去时(be动词用were),主句用would/should/could/might+do.句意:假如我再年轻十岁,我会参与钢琴课程并去上音乐大学。故选D.
考点:if条件状语从句虚拟语气
点评:虚拟语气是一种特殊动词形式,中考中有所波及,但不常见。用来表达说话人所说话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。通过句子意思,看假设条件与否可以实现,可以实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。一般有三种状况:①与过去事实相反。②与目前事实相反。③与未来事实也许相反。
4.If I ____you, I _____the army.
A.am, would join B.were ,would join
C.am, will join D.were ,will join
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:虚拟语气是一种特殊动词形式,用来表达说话人所说话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其重要有三种构造:
1、与目前事实相反
若与目前事实相反,条件从句谓语用过去式(be一般用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”
2、与过去事实相反
若与过去事实相反,条件从句谓语用过去完毕时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”
3、与未来事实相反
若与未来事实相反,条件从句谓语用过去式(be一般用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。
句意:假如我是你,我会加入军队。结合语境可知本句描述是与现实状况相反事实,故选B。
考点:考察虚拟语气。
5. ---What if I have to go there and know nothing about it?
--- If I______ you, I would try to find some information about it on the Internet.
A.am B.was C.will be D.were
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:句意:——倘若我必须去那儿并且对那里一无所知,该怎么办?——假如我是你,我会在网上查找某些有关那里信息。根据 I would try to find可知主句用是would+do,可知这是对目前事实假设虚拟语气,因此If引导条件状语从句用一般过去时,根据虚拟语气使用方法be动词在If引导虚拟语气中用were .故选 D。
考点:考察虚拟语气使用方法。
6.----What can I do with so much money?
----If I _______ you, I _______ give it away to charity.
A.am, will B.am, would C.were, would D.was, would
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:考察虚拟语气。句意 你怎样处理这些钱?假如我是你,我会把它捐给慈善机构。表达对目前虚拟,if引导从句用一般过去时,语句用would do ,故选C项。
考点:考察虚拟语气。
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:句意:假如天气是好,我们运动会就不会推迟了。这里是虚拟语气,根据wouldn’t可知这是对目前虚拟,在条件状语中对目前虚拟用were;put down 弹压,记下;put up提供; put off推迟。根据句意故选D。
考点:考察虚拟语气使用方法。
7.—A student in my class said to me, “if I ______our math teacher, I_____ make math learning easier and more interesting instead of giving the kids much homework to do every day.”
A.were, would B.am, will C.was, would D.were, will
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:我班里一种学生对我说:假如我是数学老师,我会使数学学习更简单有趣,而不是每天给学生许多作业去做。虚拟语气是一种特殊动词形式,用来表达说话人所说话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其重要有三种构造:
1、与目前事实相反
若与目前事实相反,条件从句谓语用过去式(be一般用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”
2、与过去事实相反
若与过去事实相反,条件从句谓语用过去完毕时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”
3、与未来事实相反
若与未来事实相反,条件从句谓语用过去式(be一般用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。
该句描述是与现实状况相反事实故选A。
考点:考察虚拟语气。
8.If I __________you. I would buy a big house for my parents.
A.be B.am C.was D.were
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:句意:假如我是你。我会买一种大房子给我父母。这道题考察是假设,因此要用虚拟语气,用过去时。故选D.
考点:考察虚拟语气使用方法。
9.If I were invited to the party,I _______ a red skirt.
A. will wear B. wear C. would wear
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:假如我被邀请参与聚会,我会穿红色裙子。此处考察虚拟语气。句中,主句和从句谓语都要用虚拟语气,与目前事实相反假设,从句(条件句)动词过去式( be一般用were);主句(成果句) should /would/ could/ might +动词原形。故答案为C。
考点:考察虚拟语气。
10.Yesterday, the storm delayed us. _______ the storm, we would have been here in time.
A.But for B.If it were not for C.But that D.Unless
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意:昨天暴风雨耽误了我们。要不是有暴风雨,我们会及时赶到这里。
考察连词。But for要不是+短语;If it were not for要不是(用于对目前虚拟);But that要不是+从句;Unless除非,后接条件状语从句;根据句中是“the storm”,是名词,因此排除C;根据“would have been ”,是对过去虚拟排除选项B;分析句子“___ the storm, we would have been here in time.”有暴风雨,我们会及时赶到这里,应当是“要不是”,故选A。
11.You _______ through that red light, for you _______ an accident.
A.must have driven; should have caused B.could have driven; might have caused
C.couldn’t have driven; should have caused D.shouldn’t have driven; could have caused
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意:你不应当开车闯红灯,由于你会引起事故。
考察情态动词。分析句子及选项“You ___ through that red light, for you ____ an accident.”,你 开车闯红灯,由于你 事故,可知是对过去虚拟,应用情态动词+have done。此处是不应当开车闯红灯,会引起事故,故选D。
12.I suggest that we Chinese people_______Chinese culture with love and joy everywhere we go.
A.spread B.spreading C.to spread D.will spread
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意:我提议我们中国人无论走到哪里都要带着爱心和欢乐来传播中国文化,
考察动词suggest后跟虚拟语气。spread是动词原形;spreading是动名词;to spread是动词不定式;will spread是一般未来时。动词在这里suggest表达提议,背面宾语从句中使用虚拟语气should+动词原形,should可以省略。根据句意阐明本句suggest表达提议,故背面使用虚拟语气,省略了should,故选A。
【点睛】
动词suggest 背面可以跟名词作宾语,用于句型“suggest sth.”。如:I suggested a visit. 我提议参观。
suggest 后跟动名词作宾语,如:He suggested going home. 他提议回家。
suggest背面跟that引导 宾语从句时,用虚拟语气,一般省略情态动词should,因此本题选项是A。
13. If I __you . I__study harder.
A.am , will B.was, would C.were, would D.were, will
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:假如我是你,我会更努力学习。这个句子要用虚拟语气,表达与事实相反。因此用过去式were, would,故选C。
考点:考察虚拟语气。
14.--- If I_______ one million dollars, I would give it to medical research.
---If I _______ you, I would give it to charity.
A.will have, am B.would have, was C.had, were D.have, is
【答案】C
【解析】考察虚拟语气。第一空,虚拟语气,与目前相反,用过去时。第二空,虚拟语气,与目前相反,用过去时,be动词用were。故选C
15. – I coughed a lot last night. What should I do?
– If I _____ you, I would go to see the doctor at once.
A.am B.were C.was
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析: 句意:昨晚我不停地咳嗽,我应当怎么办?哪果我是你,我就会立即去看医生。此句为虚拟语气,与目前事实相反,虚拟语气条件从句谓语用过去式(be一般用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”,故选C。
考点: 考察虚拟语气。
16.—I like drinking wine. But people who drink wine aren’t allowed to drive.
—If I you, I would give up wine.
A.were; drinking B.am; drinking
C.were; drink D.was;to drink
【答案】A
【解析】
考察虚拟语气和非谓语动词使用方法。根据句意可知,该句使用了虚拟语气,if引导从句使用一般过去时,用were;give up背面接动词目前分词。故选A。
17.I’m so busy. If I ______ time, I ______ have a good rest.
A.have, would B.have, could C.had, would D.had, will
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析: 句意:我太忙了,假如我有时间,我就会好好休息一下。从句if +过去式,主句would +动词原形,表明与未来相反虚拟语气,故答案选C.
考点:考察虚拟语气。
18.---Can you tell me what to wear at the party?
---If I ___you,I___the blue jeans.
A.was,will wear B.am,will wear C.were,would wear D.were,wore
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:
句意:---你能告诉我穿什么参与聚会吗?---假如我是你,我会穿蓝色牛仔裤。本题考察是虚拟条件句中主句和从句时态问题。用if引导虚拟条件句,虚拟目前时表达与目前事实相反假设,其if 从句谓语形式用动词过去式(be 一般用were),主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形,例如:If I were in your position I would marry her.结合语境可知应选C。
考点:考察虚拟语态。
19.I don’t know if he _______tomorrow.
A. Will come B.comes C.came D.has come
【答案】A
【解析】考察时态。tomorrow 为未来时间故用一般未来时态,因此选A。
20. —I’m going to Larry’s party. But I don’t know what to wear.
—If I ___ you, I _______ wear a dress.
A.am; will B.were; will
C.were; would D.am; would
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:根据题干,本句意思应是“假如我是你,我将穿一件裙子。”“我”是不也许成为“你”,因此本句是一种虚拟语气。对于虚拟语气,从句应当用过去式(be动词,不管是第几人称,都用were),主句用would do。因此本题选C。
考点:本题考察虚拟语气。
点评:完毕本题时注意辨别虚拟语气和if引导条件状语从句。虚拟语气是不也许发生,是一种假设状况;而if引导条件状语从句,是有也许发生。假如不明白这两者区别,就比较容易发错。
21.If I you, I the job.
A.am, will take B. was, would take
C. were, would take D. are, will take
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:假如我是你,我将会接受这份工作。表达与目前事实相反地虚拟语气:条件从句构成是if+主语+过去式(系动词be多用were),主句是主语+would/should/could+动词原形。故选C。
考点: 考察虚拟语气使用方法。
22.If I you, I invite him to go to see a movie.
A.am, would B.were, will
C.were, would D.was, will
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:句意:句意:假如我是你,我会邀请他去看电影。go to see a movie去看电影;invite sb to do邀请某人做某事;在体现与目前事实相反虚拟语气中,Be用were,主句用would。因此选C。
考点:考察虚拟语气。
23. If it had been possible, I would have helped him, but I ______ too busy.
A.had been B.would be C.were D.was
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:句意:假如也许话,我肯定会协助你,不过我太忙了。对过去虚拟If+主语+had +动词过去分词,主语+would / should / might / could have + 动词过去分词。因此描述是过去事情,故我过去很忙应当用过去时。
考点:考察虚拟语气及时态使用方法。
24.—I like drinking wine. But people who drink wine aren’t allowed to drive.
—If I you, I would give up wine.
A.was; to drink B.am; drinking C.were; drink D.were; drinking
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:句意:--我喜欢喝酒。不过喝酒人不容许开车。--假如我是你,我将会放弃喝酒。分析:表达与目前事实相反状况。 其虚拟语气构造为:从句:if + 主语+ 动词过去式(be用were) + ……主句:主语+ would (should, could , might) + 动词原形 + ……例如:If I were you, I would read it again. 假如我是你话,我再读一遍。(实际上我不是你),故选 D
考点:考察虚拟语气及动词短语使用方法。
25.If I you, I’d keep quiet and listen carefully in class.
A.am B.will be C.were
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析: 与目前事实相反:条件从句用动词过去式,主句用would/could/should/might+动词原形;与过去事实相反:条件从句用had done,主句用would/could/should/might+have done;与未来事实相反:条件从句用动词过去式/should+动词原形/were to do,主句用would/could/should/might+动词原形。句意:假如我是你,我上课就会保持安静,认真听课。故选C。
考点:考察虚拟语气使用方法。
26.I’m not free today, If I ____ time, I ____ and help him with you.
A.have, will go B.had, would go C.have, would go D.had, will go
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:我今天没空,假如我有时间,我就和你一起去协助他。在具有虚拟条件句复合句中,主句和从句谓语都要用虚拟语气。表达与目前事实相反假设,虚拟条件句为If+主语+动词过去式(be动词用were) ,主句为主语+should, would, could, might + 动词原形。因此选B。
考点:考察虚拟语气。
27.If I _______ you, I would give some flowers to her.
A.am B.are C.was D.were
【答案】D
【解析】试题分析:句意:假如我是你,我会送她某些花。这是由if引导一种虚拟语气句子,表达与目前事实相反状况,其句型为“ if+ 主语 + 动词过去式( be 动词用 were ),主语 +would / could / might / should + 动词原形”。故选D。
考点:考察虚拟语气使用方法。
28.If I you, I would rather at home and watch TV than to the party.
A.was;stay, go B.am;stay, go
C.were;to stay, go D.were;stay, go
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:句意为:假如我是你,我宁愿在家看电视也不去参与聚会。根据语境,这是一种与目前事实相反虚拟条件句,主句用would/should+动词原形,从句用一般过去时(be动词用were)。此外,would rather do sth than do sth是固定句型,表达“宁可……也不……”。故选D。
考点:考察虚拟条件状语从句。
29. — I don’t know what to do.
— If I you, I buy a guidebook.
A.am; will B.am; would
C.were; will D.were; would
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:句意:我不懂得做什么?假如我是你,我就会买一本指南。虚拟语气是一种特殊动词形式,用来表达说话人所说话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其重要有三种构造:
1、与目前事实相反
若与目前事实相反,条件从句谓语用过去式(be一般用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”
2、与过去事实相反
若与过去事实相反,条件从句谓语用过去完毕时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”
3、与未来事实相反
若与未来事实相反,条件从句谓语用过去式(be一般用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。根据句意,可知是与目前事实相反,故选D
考点:考察虚拟语气使用方法。
30. I________ a big house for my family if I _____ a lot of money.
A.would buy, have B.would buy, had
C.will buy; had D.will buy, will have
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:假如我有诸多钱,我要给家人买个大大房子。句子用虚拟语气,因此动词用过去式,would,had,故选B。
考点:考察虚拟语气。
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