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专题26 情景交际(一)-中考英语语法单项选择题考点讲解与真题分析(解析版)
语言是为交际服务。情景交际是历年中考必考内容。情景交际波及平常生活各个方面。考生做题时一定要结合语境,分清场所,选择出适应于该场所语言。
考点一 问候、辞别
初次会面可说:Hi. Hello. /How do you do? /Good morning/afternoon/evening.回答也用相似话语;朋友会面可说:How are you? 回答可说:Fine, thank you, and you? 会面说:How’s everything?回答可说:Very well, thank you. /Just so-so.会面说:Give my regards to your parents. /Please remember me to your parents.回答可说:Sure. /All right. /I’ll do that. Thank you.等。
常见辞别用语有:Goodbye.(Good-bye.), /Bye-bye. Bye. /See you. See you later. /See you tomorrow. /Good night.等。
1. —Hello! How are you? (黔西南)
— _________________.
A. Who are you? B. I am fine, thank you. And you?
C. How do you do? D. Nice to meet you.
【答案】B
【解析】这是熟人会面时问候语。故选B。
2. —Mum, I’m going to school now. See you. (温州)
—_______, Mary.
A. Here we go B. Wait a moment C. My pleasure D. Have a nice day
【答案】D
3. —How is everything going? (武汉)
—_______.
A. Everything is finished B. Nothing has been done
C. Not so bad, you know D. Not doing wrong, you see
【答案】C
【解析】这是会面时问候语,问询对方近况,故选C。
考点二 感谢、道歉
当他人为你做了事、帮了忙、让路、指路、送你礼品赞美你等,你都应表达感谢,可说:Thank you (very much). /Thanks a lot. /It’s very kind of you.等。对他人感谢可说:Not at all. /That’s all right. /You’re welcome. It’s a/my pleasure.等。
当做错了事、惹怒了人、打扰了他人等,都要说声“对不起”,可说:Sorry. /I’m (really) sorry.等。对他人道歉可说:That’s all right. /That’s OK. /It doesn’t matter. /Never mind. /No problem. /Forget it.等。
1. —Gina, your new dress looks so nice. (邵阳)
—________.
A. No, no B. Thank you C. Yes
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——吉娜,你新裙子看起来真漂亮!——谢谢!英语中对他人夸赞应当表达感谢。故选B。
2. — I had a very good time at the charity show. Thanks for your invitation. (盐城)
—__________.
A. All right B. You are welcome
C. Good luck to you D. Not too bad.
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——我在慈善演出上度过一段非常美好时光。谢谢你邀请。——不客气。对他人感谢可说You’re welcome。学&科网
3. —To London? Don’t miss red phone boxes in the streets. They’re a symbol of English culture. (镇江)
— .
A. Thanks for your advice B. I hope so
C. Sorry, I don’t know D. Thank you all the same
【答案】A
4. —Don’t throw litter here! (南充)
—________.
A. Yes, please B. You’re welcome C. Me, too D. Sorry, I won’t
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——不要在这儿扔垃圾!——对不起,我不会再扔了。他人不让干某事,你干了,应当体现歉意。
5. —I am sorry for causing you so much trouble. (黔西南)
—_________________.
A. You are kind. B. It is certain. C. It doesn’t matter. D. I am sorry, too.
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——对不起给你招来这样大麻烦。——没关系。对他人道歉可说:不要紧,没关系。故选C。
6. —Sorry for being late. (北部湾经济区)
—___________
A. That’s true. B. Here you are. C. Never mind. D. Certainly.
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——迟到了,对不起。——不要紧。对他人道歉可说:不要紧,没关系。故选C。
考点三 劝说、提议
提出劝说时可说:You’d better (not) …/You should…提出提议时可说:Shall we…? /
Let’s…, shall we? /What/How about…? /Why don’t you…? /Why not…?接受对方劝说或提议,可说:Sure. /Great. /Certainly. /All right. /Why not? /That’s a good idea. /Good idea. /I’ll take your advice.等。
1. — Racbel, you’d better come to school on time, tomorrow!
—_________________.
A. That sound good. B. Sure, I will. C. Sorry, I won’t. D. I don’t know.
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——Racbel, 你最佳明天准时来学校。——我会。由语境可知,接受他人劝说,故选C。
2. —We can invite Nick and Paul to Shanghai Disneyland with us. (宿迁)
—_____ I’ll give them a call right now.
A. Why not? B. What for? C. Of course not. D. Not at all.
【答案】A
3. —Let's watch TV after dinner. (渝北)
—_______
A. Yes, I'd love to. B. Sorry, I'm not. C. I don't know. D. Sounds like a good idea.
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——晚饭后咱们看电视吧。——好主意。由语境可知,赞同他人提议,故选D。
4. —Why not go swimming with them? (通辽)
—_________.
A. Thank you. B. You’re so kind.
C. There’s a good idea. D. What a shame!
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——为何不和他们一起游泳呢?——好主意。由语境可知,接受他人提议,故选C。
5. —It's nearly lunch time. How about having some noodles and dumplings? (荆州)
— .
A. You're welcome B. That's right C. That's nice of you D. That sounds good
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——快到午饭时间了。吃点面条和饺子怎么样?——好主意。接受对方提议, 故选D。
6. —Shall we go for a picnic this weekend? (来宾)
—_________.
A. Sounds great B. You’re welcome C. You are right D. It’s a pity
【答案】A
【解析】由语境可知,是接受他人提议,故选C。
考点四 邀请、提供协助、祈求协助
邀请时可说:Would you like to …? /Will/Can/Could you come to…? /I’d like to invite you to… 接受邀请时可说:Yes, I’d like/love to. Thank you. /Yes, it’s very kind of you. /That would be great. Sound good/great. /Why not?拒绝时可说:Sorry, I… /I’d like/love to, but…
提供协助时可说:Can I help you? /What can I do for you? /Can I give you a hand? /Would you like me to…? /Let me get it for you.接受协助可说:Thanks. That would be kind of you. /That would be nice/great. Thank you. /Thank you for your help.拒绝协助可说:No, thank. (I can manage it myself.)
祈求协助时可说:Would you please help me with …? /Could you do me a favor to…?
接受他人祈求等可说:With pleasure. /I’d be glad/happy to. /Good idea. /Go ahead./No problem. 表达拒绝可说:Sorry, but… /Thank you, but… /No way.
1. —Alice, will you take a taxi to the party with us? (泸州)
—_______. I’ll take a bus there.
A. That’s right B. No, thanks C. You’re welcome D. I don’t think so
【答案】B
【解析】由语境可知,这里是委婉拒绝他人邀请,故选B。
2. —Could you go swimming with me this afternoon, Jane? (烟台)
— , but I have to do the chores first.
A. I’d like to B. Of course not C. I don’t mind D. It’s nothing
【答案】A
3. —Would you like to join me in making cakes tomorrow? (上海)
—________
A) It doesn’t matter. B) Don’t worry. C)You’re welcome. D) I’d love to.
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——明天你乐意与我一起参与制作糕点(活动)吗?——乐意。由语境可知,接受他人邀请,故选D。
4. —Rick, could you help me cook dinner? (济南)
—Sure, _____.
A. no problem B. never mind
C. here you are D. you're welcome
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——Rick,你能帮我做饭吗?——当然,没问题。接受他人祈求可说No problem“没问题”,符合语境。
5. —Could you please take out the rubbish? (临沂)
— . But I want to drink a cup of water first.
A. Thank you B. Sure, no problem.
C. You’re welcome D. No, I can’t.
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——请把垃圾倒掉好吗?——没问题。不过我想先喝杯水。 他人祈求协助,表达乐意帮忙,可说No problem.。故选B。
6. —Can I get you a cake? (十堰)
—______. But I have already got one.
A. No, you can’t. B. Here you are.
C. You are welcome D. That’s very nice of you.
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——需要我给你拿块蛋糕吗?——非常感谢。不过我已经有了一块。接受协助可说 That’s very nice of you.故选D。
7. —Ruby, could you please help me do some washing? (眉山)
—________. Mom, I’m studying for my English test.
A. Go ahead B. No problem C. Sorry, I can’t D. Yes, of course
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——Ruby,你能帮我洗衣服吗?——对不起,不能。妈妈,我正在为英语测试做准备呢。由语境可知是拒绝帮忙,故选C。
8. —I have difficulty working out the problem by myself. Could you help me? (宜宾)
—________.
A. It's my pleasure B. With pleasure C. No, I couldn't
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——我独自做这道题有困难。你能帮我吗?——非常乐意。由语境可知,乐意帮忙。故选B。
9. —My shirt needs washing. Could you please help me with that, Mary? (莱芜)
— . Do it yourself.
A. No way B. Not really C. No problem D. Sounds great
【答案】A
10. — Would you please help me move this desk? (黔西南)
—_________________. I am happy to.
A. Of course not. B. Certainly. C. I agree with you. D. I am OK.
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——你能协助我把这张椅子移一下吗? ——当然可以,我很乐意。由语境可知,乐意帮忙。故选B。
11. —Would you like some tea? (泸州)
—______.
A. Yes, please B. My pleasure C. Help yourself D. The same to you
【答案】A
【解析】由语境可知,这里是对对方提供协助或服务表明态度,即接受或拒绝。故选A。
12. –______? (云南)
–I want to buy a pair of sports shoes.
A. What’s wrong B. What can I do for you
C. How much is it D. What does it look like
【答案】B
【解析】这里是售货员和顾客对话,售货员和顾客打招呼一般说:Can I help you? /What can I do for you? 故选B。
考点五 祝愿、祝贺
对他人旅行、活动、生日以及对节假日表达祝愿时可说:Good luck. /Have a good time. / Have a nice weekend./ Happy birthday. /Happy New Year.! /Wish you success.等,回答时可说:Thank you. /The same to you. /You too.等。对他人成绩、成功等好事表达祝贺时可说:Well done./Congratulations.等。
1. —We’ll have a math test this Friday. (天水)
—___________.
A. Good luck B. Good time C. Congratulations D. Both A and C
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——这周五我们数学考试。——祝你好运。表达祝愿,故选A。
2. —My friends and I will go fishing today. (天津)
—_______
A. My pleasure. B. Thanks a lot.
C. Have a nice day! D. Nice to meet you.
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——我和我朋友们今天准备去钓鱼。——祝你们过得很快乐。表达祝愿,故选C。
3. — We’re going to different universities after the summer. Enjoy your time in college! (黔西南)
—_________________.
A. The same to you. B. Me, too. C. See you. D. Good idea.
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——这个夏天过后我们将会去不一样大学上学。祝你大学生活快乐! ——也祝你大学生活快乐。互相祝福答语应用The same to you.故选A。
4. —________ (上海)
—Congratulations!
A) Sorry for breaking the glass.
B) How are you feeling today?
C) I was awarded first prize in the writing contest.
D) Why not take the underground to the university?
【答案】C
5. — I will go to Hong Kong Disneyland with my parents tomorrow. (包头)
—______.
A. My pleasure B. Enjoy yourself C All right D. The same to you
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——明天我打算和父母一起去香港迪尼斯乐园。——祝你玩得开心。表达祝福,故选B。
巩固练习:
1.—Mike, don’t make so much noise. It’s too late. (重庆)
—________. I’ll go to bed right now.
A. Not had B. You’d better not C. Yes, I will D. Sony,I won’t
2. —Mum, I’ve got a modal in the sports meeting. (广安)
—________!
A. Congratulations B. Good luck
C. No problem D. It depends
3. –Don’t throw rubbish everywhere, please. Building a civilized (文明) city is our duty. (云南)
-______.
A. OK, I will B. You are joking C. Take it easy D. Sorry, I won’t
4.—Sorry, sir. I made a mistake again. (遵义)
— . Do more practice and you will succeed.
A. Certainly not B. Not at all C. Never mind
5. —I hope I can do well in the exams this time. (海南)
—________.
A. Thanks a lot B. Good luck to you C. Have a good time
6. —Jeff, could you tell me how to take a taxi through “Didi”? (安顺)
—________.
A. You’re welcome. B. Sure, I’d love to.
C. Take it easy. D. It doesn’t matter.
7. — Could you look after my plants while I’m away on business, please? (常州)
— _____, I’ll water them on time.
A. Come on B. With pleasure C. Take it easy D. You’re welcome
8. —Could you help me carry the chair to my office? (青海)
—______. It’s a piece of cake.
A. No problem B. I’m afraid not C. You’re welcome
9. — Lily, could you please help me hand in my papers to our teacher? (内江)
—________________. Where are they?
A. With pleasure B. Yes, please C. Of course not D. Good idea
10. —Could you help me repair the bike? (巴中)
—______. Come and get it in half an hour.
A. Not at all B. No problem C. I’m sorry I can’t
11. — Tomorrow is Saturday, would you like to go cycling with me? (黔西南)
—_________________.
A. I like it very much. B. Yes, I would. C. Sure, I’d love to. D. I think so.
12. — _________________. (黔西南)
—I want to buy a new dress for my mother.
A. What can I do for you? B. Where is your mother?
C. What are you doing? D. How much is this?
13.—Would you like to go to the movies with me this Sunday? (长春)
— . I’ll be free that day.
A. Sorry, I can’t B. Yes, I do C. Yes, I’d love to D. No, I wouldn’t
14. —Could you book us two tickets for the film Beauty and the Beast! (自贡)
—_________ I’m busy at the moment. Can I do it later?
A. Sorry! B. Not at all. C. Good advice.
15. —Alan, _____? (昆明)
—I'm sorry. I'm mot available.
A. did you like my housewarming party B. when is your housewarming party
C. can you come to my party tomorrow D. who will go to the party with you
答案及解析:
1. 【答案】D
【解析】——句意:麦克,不要发出这样大噪声。太晚了。——对不起,我不会了。我这就去睡觉。这里表达歉意,故选D。学&科网
2. 【答案】A
【解析】句意:——妈妈,我在运动会上得了奖。——祝贺你!他人获了奖,应当应当表达祝贺。故选A。
3. 【答案】D
【解析】句意:——“别到处扔垃圾,建立文明都市是我们责任。——对不起,我不会再扔了。这里表达歉意,故选D。
4. 【答案】C
【解析】句意:——对不起,先生,我又犯了一种错误。——没关系。多练习你就会成功。对别
人道歉可说:不要紧,没关系。故选C。
5. 【答案】B
【解析】句意:——我但愿这次考试我能考好。——祝你好运。.表达祝愿,故选B。
6. 【答案】B
【解析】句意:——杰夫,你能告诉我怎样通过“滴滴”打车吗?——当然了,我很乐意。由语境可知,乐意帮忙,故选B。
7. 【答案】B
【解析】句意:——我出差时,请你照看一下我花草行吗?——很乐意帮忙,我会准时给他们浇水。由语境可知,答应对方祈求,故选B。
8. 【答案】A
【解析】句意:——你能协助我把椅子搬到办公室吗?——没问题。小事一桩啊。由语境可知,乐意帮忙。故选A。
9. 【答案】A
【解析】句意:——丽丽,请你帮我把我试卷交给老师好吗?——很乐意帮忙,试卷在哪里?表达乐意协助他人。故选A。
10. 【答案】B
【解析】句意:——你能帮我修自行车吗?——没问题。半小时之后过来取吧。由语境可知,对方乐意帮忙,故选B。
11. 【答案】C
【解析】句意:——明天是星期六,你乐意跟我一起去骑车吗?——乐意。由语境可知,接受他人邀请,故选C。
12. 【答案】A
【解析】这里是服务员与顾客对话。服务员和顾客打招呼一般说:Can I help you? /What can I do for you?。故选B。
从下面两个题目中任选一题,写一篇不少于800字文章。
(一)印度大诗人泰戈尔曾说“你承担将变成礼品,你受苦将照亮你路。”
读了这句语你有什么感受?请结合生活实际写一篇记叙文。规定选好角度,确定立意,自拟标题;不要套作,不得抄袭。
(二)有人说:“小时候,幸福是件很简单事;长大后,简单是件很幸福事。人越往上走,心应当赵能往下沉。”中国哲学讲大道至简,其实在我们人生中,诸多时候都会有有关幸福和简单思考。
请以“简单与幸福”为立意方向,写一篇记叙文。规定选好角度,确定立意,自拟标题;不要套作,不得抄袭。
【答案】范文:
幸福本来很简单
收书时,找到一本相册,封面泛黄,纸张脆得仿佛一触即破。我小心地翻开,像要打开一段尘封时光。第一张、第二张……
翻到第九张照片时,我愣住了。这是在家里拍。照片上,奶奶抱着尚为婴儿我,坐在家里那套古旧红木家俱上。画面上,看得清祖母饱满额和红润脸。我不由得伸手去触摸,就在此时,我心底忽地擦过了一丝歉意。
印象中奶奶总是闲不住。一天里,她总是忙出忙进,要不扫地,要不为全家人准备饭菜。我还记得有一次我执意要帮她扫地,她拗不过我,只好把扫把递给我。接扫把时我手被硌了一下。低头一看,我手背上硌出了一种红印子。我刚想埋怨,忽然看见了奶奶那双手。
那是怎样一双手啊!干瘦而黝黑,指甲被剪得圆圆,指节分明,指骨上仿佛只包着一层皮,看得出大体轮廓。血管几乎是覆在骨上,看不出颜色,却像一根根粗长青筋。再向上,我看见了一张瓜子脸……不!主线不是瓜子脸,瘦削下巴看得出形状,两颊深陷,脸骨就像刻上去般分明,额头有些下陷,眼角满是皱纹,笑着拧成一种结,被笑意填满额头里,似乎深藏着某种难以言说幸福。
幸福?我忽然笑出声,笑声里却藏着一种无法掩饰悲伤与痛意。
奶奶当时曾经多么健康呀,但为了孩子,只知一门心思地劳作,舍弃了漂亮,像一座沉默山,在儿孙们面前,似乎只但愿着能替他们挡去一次次生活艰苦!在她那充斥了爱眸子里,曾经沉淀过岁月,该有多少是苦难与辛酸?
然而在这样一种无法言说爱之间,她竟由于孙女无意间一次伸手而获得了幸福?!
什么劳累,什么辛劳,都在触上照片一瞬土崩瓦解。我仔细地把照片收好,匆匆跑到厨房,伸出娇弱双手:“奶奶,我来帮你。”
只见奶奶深陷眼窝里先是露出了惊异,瞬间转为了惊喜,而后竟流出两行老泪。像生怕我看见似,她迅速用枯瘦双手拭去泪,说道:“好,好,孙闺女懂事了,懂事了啊……”声音里有着些许颤动。
我努力抑住即将决堤泪,勉强笑道:“奶奶,后来我帮你。”
她用力点头,时光刻下皱纹里是快溢出幸福。她忙不迭地点头,声音因喜悦而有些变调:“好哇,好哇……”
本来,奶奶幸福是这样简单啊。
微微失神后,我忽然像宣誓般一字一顿地保证:
“奶奶,后来我帮您!”
【解析】
【详解】
作文(二)此题通过材料形式考察学生分析、整合、写作、体现能力。这是一道富有思辩色彩作文题,规定考生运用辩证思维,以发展眼光、联络眼光进行理性分析,思考蕴含其中哲理,进而确立最佳立意角度。分析本题“小时候,幸福时间很简单事”阐明小时候规定简单,很容易感受到幸福。“长大后,简单是件很幸福事”阐明长大后经历和思考变得复杂,规定太多,欲望太多,不容易感受到幸福。“人越往上走,心应当越能往下沉”,心里踏实了,脚下路才能走得安稳。向往富足是好,但在通往富足路上,别忘了带上知足心。我们都要懂得,什么是知足常乐。“简单与幸福”这文题破解关键在于弄清晰什么是幸福”。其实,幸福只是一种心态。你感到幸福,生活便幸福无比;你感到痛苦,生活便痛苦不堪。其实,每个人不管在任何处境下,只要端正自已心态,学会把握、学会满足学会感恩、学会宽容,生活就会幸福,幸福就在身边,幸福其实很简单。同步,幸福不是可以用你能得到多少财物、拥有多少声誉来衡量,社会友好、家庭和陸、身体健康才会让人感到真正幸福。人们每天都生活在幸福之中,往往对幸福熟视无睹。幸福其实是很简单,很平凡,甚至不被人注意。幸福其实就在我们身边,在我们点点滴滴生活中,在我们成长道路上每个脚印里,要靠我们慢慢去品味,细细去咀嚼,用心去欣赏。这样,你才会发现,本来幸福很简单。
参照立意:
1、幸福在身边
2、活着其实就是一种幸福
3、知足常乐
4、幸福来自我们内心,而不是外界
5、拥抱进近咫尺幸福
6、幸福并不遥远
可用素材:
1、可以写生活中小事。例如生活中父母无微不至照顾,学习中老师同学协助,甚至陌生人给温暖。
2、可以写读过书、影视剧里事,或者听说故事。
行文构造:
本作文可以写一件事,也可以写几件事。写一件事可以把对幸福认识过程写得曲折某些。例如开头可以渲染自已觉得多么不幸福,要注意言之有物,把感受写得细腻某些,甚至可以用对比措施,设计一种比自已幸福人,把心理感受写活。中间设计一件事作为转折,例如看到了某个人或某些人生活状态比自已要差诸多,可他们脸上笑容却那么灿烂。注意这里细节描写和心理描写要充足。这些人幸福样子引起自已思考,这里也要写一组对比,我自已各方面跟这些人进行对比,通过思考发现是自已对幸福理解出现了偏差。最终写明白了道理之后再看自已生活,发现没有那么糟糕,还是很幸福。这里可以呼应开头,同样生活,心态不一样了,感受完全不一样。最终阐发简单与幸福道理。假如写几件事时,可采用加小题目或者分镜头形式,会给人耳目一新感觉
【点睛】
材料作文是命题者为写作者提供一定材料(包括文字或其他语言形式),规定写作者按照材料内涵来立意作文写材料作文,最关键是审题立意,给材料自身包含着深刻道理,并"成为写作者立意指向",因此读懂材料就是写好作文关键,审题其实就是审材料一般来说,材料文字表面并不难懂
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