英语高三英语语法填空提高训练及解析2.doc

【英语】高三英语语法填空提高训练及解析

一、高中英语语法填空
1．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入合适内容(1个单词)或括号内单词对形式。
    A few months ________(early), Stephanie Heller, had finished her workout in the gym when she ________(notice)a woman in the parking lot struggling to bend down. Ms. Heller offered to help her. The woman blamed old age for her incapacity, ________(explain)that she was 70. But Ms. Heller was 71. "This woman felt every bit her age." she recalled. "I don't let age stop me. I need a good mood, really. I love singing and dancing with all the young friends I ________ (make)over the years. I'm only as old as I feel."
    Each of us has ________actual age, the number we celebrate on birthdays. But some 50-, 60-and 70-year-olds look and feel ________(youth), while others do not. Scientists measure these differences by looking at age-related things like skin elasticity, blood pressure and so on, finding some ________(connect)among them. People ________a healthy lifestyle and a fortunate genetic inheritance(继承)tend ________(score) "younger" on these assessments.
    When scientists ask, "How old do you feel, most of the time?" the answer can reflect the state of people's physical and mental health. The age given is a virtual one, ________is called "subjective age".
【答案】 earlier；noticed；explaining；have made；an；youthful/young；connection/connections；with；to score；which
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇阐明文，有人看起来比实际年龄小，是由于健康生活方式，好遗传基因让人看起来更年轻，研究发现一种人心态可以反应他主观年龄。
（1）考察形容词。根据后文had finished过去完毕时，可判断事情发生在过去之前，a few months earlier“几种月之前”，可以和过去完毕时连用，故填earlier。
（2）考察时态。根系句子可知此处是从句谓语动词，此处考察固定句型had done…when(从句用一般过去时)刚做完某事忽然就……，故填noticed。
（3）考察非谓语动词。分析句子可知此处是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语the woman和explain（解释）之间是积极关系，应用目前分词，故填explaining。
（4）考察时态。分析句子可知此处是定语从句谓语动词，根据下文over the years(在过去几年里)判断该句为目前完毕时，主语为I，故填have made。
（5）考察冠词。age 可数名词，此处是泛指，应用不定冠词，又actual是元音音素开头，故填an。
（6）考察形容词。此处应填形容词作为feel表语，youth形容词是young和youthful，故填young/youthful。
（7）考察名词。此处应填名词作为finding宾语，connect名词形式connection为可数名词，some可以理解为“某些/某个”，故此处可以用名词单数形式，也可用复数形式，故填connection/connections。
（8）考察介词。句意：拥有健康生活方式和好遗传基因人倾向于在这些评价中获得高分。分析句子可知此处应填介词，再结合句意表达“有”介词是with，故填with。
（9）考察非谓语动词。tend to do sth固定短语，“倾向于做某事”，故填to score。
（10）考察定语从句。分析句子可知，此处是非限定性定语从句关系词，先行词one在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which引导，故填which。
【点评】本题考点波及形容词，时态，非谓语动词，冠词，介词，名词，定语从句以及多种知识点考察，是一篇健康类阅读，规定考生在理解细节信息基础上，深入根据上下文逻辑关系，并结合有关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出对单词形式。

2．Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
    Phone-surfing Results in More Purchases
    Leaving your mobile phone at home when you go shopping could prevent mindless overspending, a new study suggests. Research from the University of Bath discovered that when people are distracted by their mobiles during a trip to the supermarket their shopping bills ________ rise by an average of 41 per cent. Attention-weakening devices also encourage shoppers to wander along more shelves, ________they come across more products.
    In one study, 294 people aged between 18 and 73 at four Swedish supermarkets wore eye-tracking glasses throughout a shopping trip to measure where they went and ________they looked at. Their receipts were then used ________(assess) their spending. Those using a mobile phone spent on average £33.73 compared to an average of £23.91 for those who did not.
    A second study of 117 shoppers found those with mobile phones spent longer in the store, ________(give) more attention to shelves. They also spent an average of £36. This study found shoppers using a mobile phone spent on average £36.16 on 20.85 items, compared to £25.59 on 13.22 products.
    Dr Carl-Philip Ahlbom, of the University of Bath's School of Management said: "Business owners have tended to worry that mobiles distract shoppers from spending money, ________we were amazed to find completely the reverse effect." The findings were very clear - the more time you spend on your phone, the more money you'll part ________.
    "So if you're trying to budget, ________(leave) your phone in your pocket. It's not the phone ________that causes more purchases, but its impact on our focus." Researchers believe people spend more because using a phone distracts people from their ________(plan) lists.
【答案】 can/may/might；where；what；to assess；having given/giving；but；with；leave；itself；planned
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇阐明文，研究发现手机上网会导致更多购置行为。
（1）考察情态动词。句意：巴斯大学研究发现，当人们在超市购物时被手机分心时，他们购物账单平均会（也许）上涨41%。空后是动词原形，此处需要填情态动词，根据句意可知此处表达“会、也许”，故填 can/may/might。
（2）考察定语从句。句意：减弱注意力设备也鼓励购物者在更多货架之间走来走去，在那里他们会遇到更多产品。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词shelves并在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
（3）考察宾语从句。句意：在一项研究中，瑞典四家超市294名年龄在18岁至73岁之间人在整个购物过程中都戴着眼睛跟踪眼镜，以测量他们去了哪里，看了什么。此处为宾语从句，从句中looked at缺乏宾语，故填what。
（4）考察非谓语动词。句意：然后他们收据被用来评估他们支出。sth.be used to do表达“某物被用来做……”，故填to assess。
（5）考察非谓语动词。句意：第二项针对117名购物者研究发现，那些拥有手机人在商店里呆时间更长，对货架关注度更高。“关注货架”这一动作既可理解为与“呆在商店里”同步发生，也可理解为先于“呆在商店里”，因此既可用目前分词一般式也可用目前分词完毕式作状语，故填having given/giving。
（6）考察连词。句意：企业主往往紧张手机会分散购物者花钱注意力，但我们惊奇地发现完全相反效果。根据句意可知前后是转折关系，故填but。
（7）考察介词。句意：你在手机上花时间越多，你花钱就越多。part with固定短语“舍得、交出”，故填with。
（8）考察祈使句。句意：因此假如你想谨慎花钱话，把手机放在口袋里。此处为祈使句，用动词原形，故填leave。
（9）考察代词。句意：不是手机自身导致了更多购置行为，而是它对我们注意力影响。根据“the phone”可知此处指“它自身”，故填itself。
（10）考察非谓语动词。句意：研究人员认为，人们之因此花钱更多，是由于使用手机会分散人们对计划清单注意力。lists与plan之间是逻辑上动宾关系，表达被动，用过去分词作定语，故填planned。
【点评】本题考点波及情态动词，定语从句，宾语从句，非谓语动词，连词，介词，祈使句以及代词等多种知识点考察，是一篇生活类阅读，规定考生在理解细节信息基础上，深入根据上下文逻辑关系，并结合有关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出对单词形式。

3．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入合适内容（1个单词）或括号内单词对形式。
    Green is not always referring to the color. In some cases, it is the term used for being________(environment) friendly. If you've been looking to replace your furniture, consider________(go) green because green furniture________(offer) many benefits. Here are a few tips to get you started on your hunt for the perfect eco-friendly furniture. .
    First, green furniture isn't harmful to your health. Also its manufacturing process doesn't cause damage________the environment in any way. Besides, by using eco-friendly________(product), you prevent global warming to some degree in your own way.
    The materials________are used in furniture are what make them green. Materials can be good for the environment________because they are renewable resources or because they are all________(nature). A lack of chemicals in furniture also means it is a better________(choose) for the environment. It may be hard to imagine that a sofa or a table could actually be________green product, but they really can be depending on what they're made of.
    Therefore, when you want to hunt for the perfect green furniture, you should choose the green materials.
【答案】 environmentally；going；offers；to；products；that/which；either；natural；choice；a
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇阐明文，我们在替代家俱时，要选择对生态环境友好家俱，由于制作这些家俱材料要么是可更新要么是自然，这样，你就保护了环境。
（1）考察副词。副词其后为形容词friendly，可考虑用副词修饰形容词，即环境友好型，故填environmentally。
（2）考察非谓语动词。consider doing sth固定短语，“考虑做某事”，故填going。
（3）考察时态。根据主语green furniture绿色家俱带来许多益处。可知应用第三人称单数形式，故填offers。
（4）考察介词。句意：大量制造过程也不会导致环境破坏。damage to固定短语，“毁坏......"。故填to。
（5）考察名词。by using eco-friendly通过使用环境保护型产品，可知应当用复数形式，故填products。（6）考察定语从句。此处是一种限制性定语从句，先行词是the materials，在从句中作主语，填that/which。
（7）考察连词。句意：原料对于环境也有益处，或者是由于它们是可再生资源，或者由于它们都是天然。either ......or.....固定短语，”或者.......或者......“，故填either。
（8）考察形容词。句意：原料对于环境也有益处，或者是由于它们是可再生资源，或者由于它们都是天然。此处形容词作表语，故填natural。
（9）考察名词。对于环境来说这是一种好选择。不定冠词后接单数名词，故填choice。
（10）考察冠词。根据下文”green product“，可知产品为单数，用不定冠词，填a。
【点评】本题考点波及副词，非谓语动词，时态，介词，名词，定语从句，连词，形容词以及冠词等多种知识点考察，是一篇环境保护类阅读，规定考生在理解细节信息基础上，深入根据上下文逻辑关系，并结合有关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出对单词形式。

4．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个合适单词或括号内单词对形式。
    The more advanced technology becomes, the more it seems to have control over our lives. We shop, work, play, search for information and seek ________ (chat) with each other online. Yet people are not arguing about this astonishing condition. It ________ (believe) that people have readily embraced technology, seeking only the benefits but ________ (ignore) its drawbacks.
    It does not matter whether your home is in a ________ (noise) downtown or in the remote countryside. If you have a screen ________ it can pick up a signal, your mind is still in the same placeless place. This place is the zone ________ your mind will go when you stare at a screen, and it feels like your mind stops thinking.
    Recent developments in technology also led to a decline in normal social behaviors. In past ages, you could walk around town for a whole day without seeing all the people you know. Now, everyone you know is ________ arm's reach, taking that certain psychological feeling out of seeing people. You can see them every second of every day, and hear nearly every single thought of theirs just as they hear ________ (you).
    In ________ (conclude), modern technology can be a double-edged sword. They do have their advantages, but they can change our lives ________ (complete).
【答案】 to chat；is believed；ignoring；noisy；and；where；within；yours；conclusion；completely
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了现代技术是一把双刃剑。它们确实有自已优势，但它们可以彻底变化我们生活。
（1）考察非谓语动词。句意：我们在网上购物、工作、娱乐、搜索信息和聊天。语seek to do sth.固定短语，“试图做，设法做某事”，故填to chat。
（2）考察时态语态。句意：人们相信，人们已经欣然接受了技术，只追求它 好处而忽视了它缺陷。It is believed that…固定句式，“人们相信……”，故填is believed。
（3）考察非谓语动词。句意：人们相信，人们已经欣然接受了技术，只追求它 好处而忽视了它缺陷。本空与上文”seeking only the benefits“构成并列非谓语构造，故填ignoring。
（4）考察形容词。句意：不管你家是在闹市还是在偏远农村。downtown为名词需要形容词修饰，故填noisy。
（5）考察连词。句意：假如你有一种屏幕，它可以接受到一种信号，你思想仍然在同一种地方。结合上下文语境可知为承接关系，故填and。
（6）考察定语从句。句意：当你盯着屏幕时候，你大脑会进入这个区域，你会觉得大脑停止思考了。本句为定语从句修饰先行词place，且先行词在从句中做地点状语，故填where。
（7）考察介词。句意：目前，你认识每个人都在你触手可及范围内，把那种特定心理感受带离与人交往。within arm's reach固定短语，“伸手可及范围内”，故填within。
（8）考察代词。句意：你每时每刻都能看到他们，几乎能听到他们每一种想法，就像他们听到你同样。此处做hear宾语需要用名词性物主代词，故填yours。
（9）考察名词。句意：总之，现代技术是一把双刃剑。in conclusion固定短语，“总之”，故填conclusion。
（10）考察副词。句意：它们确实有自已优势，但它们可以彻底变化我们生活。修饰动词change应用副词形式，故填completely。
【点评】本题考点波及非谓语动词，时态语态，连词，定语从句，介词，代词，名词以及副词等多种知识点考察，是一篇科技类阅读，规定考生在理解细节信息基础上，深入根据上下文逻辑关系，并结合有关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出对单词形式。

5．语法填空
    In China, the history of people planting and using bamboo can date back as far as 7000 years. As early as the Shang Dynasty, bamboo was being used in ancient peopled dally lives. It was used for food, clothing, housing, transportation, ________ (music) instruments and even weapons.
    The ________ (apply) of bamboo in science and technology is thrilling. In 251 BC, Li Bing, in Sichuan,________ (lead) the local people in building the Dujiang Weirs, the first irrigation network in the world, in which bamboo played ________ important role. The world's oldest water piper was also ________ (make) of bamboo. During the Han Dynasty, the people in Sichuan ________ (success) sank a 1600-metre-deep well with thick bamboo ropes. This technology did not spread to Europe ________ the 19th century, and it was by using the technology ________ the Americans drilled the first oil well in Pennsylvania in 1859.
    In Chinese culture, bamboo is well-known as ________ of the "four gentlemen" in plants. To many distinguished men, bamboo is a symbol of goodness and honesty. It is always closely related to people of positive spirits. Bamboo culture contributes to encouraging People to hold on when ________ (face) tough situations.
【答案】 musical；application；led；an；made；successfully；until；that；one；facing
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇阐明文，简介了竹子在人类历史上所起重要作用。
（1）考察形容词。空后是名词instruments，应当使用形容词作定语修饰该名词，故填musical。
（2）考察名词。前有定冠词the修饰，且该短语在句中作主语，因此使用名词，填application。
（3）考察时态。本句简介历史上李冰在四川带领当地人修建都江堰故事，因此使用一般过去时，句中谓语动词应当使用过去式，填led。
（4）考察冠词。play a role in....固定短语，“在……中起作用”。形容词important作为动词修饰role，由于该词以元音音素开头，因此使用an，故填an。
（5）考察非谓语动词。be made of固定短语，“由……制成”。世界上最古老水管也是由竹子制成，故填made。
（6）考察副词。在英语中副词一般作状语修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子。本句中副词successfully修饰谓语动词，在句中作状语，故填successfully。
（7）考察连词。not...until...固定短语，“直到……才……”，该连词短语在句中引导时间状语从句。竹子直到19世纪才传到欧洲。故填until。
（8）考察强调句型。强调句型基本构造是：It is/was+被强调成分+that/who+其他成分；本句中强调句型强调是方式状语by using the technology，故填that。
（9）考察数词。句意：在中国文化中，竹子作为四君子之一而出名。one of + 名词复数表达“……之一”。故填one。
（10）考察非谓语动词。句意：竹子文化有助于鼓励人们在面对困难处境时坚持下去。本句连词when背面省略了people are，故用目前分词，填facing。
【点评】本题考点波及形容词，名词，时态，冠词，非谓语动词，副词，连词，强调句型以及数词等多种知识点考察，是一篇科普类阅读，规定考生在理解细节信息基础上，深入根据上下文逻辑关系，并结合有关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出对单词形式。

6．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个合适单词或括号内单词对形式。
    Out of the 20 little things you've always wondered about, one of them ________ (probable) has to do with the small ________ (five) pocket on your jeans. By now, you might have given up on trying to use it since it's too small to fit anything you actually need. But why is it there in the first place? Well, today, it doesn't really serve ________ purpose, but it used to in the late 1800s.
    Actually the small pocket is called a watch pocket because it was originally intended as a safe place for men to store their pocket ________ (watch). It ________ (date) back to Levis first ever pair of jeans, which hit the market in 1879.
    The Levi Strauss blog also pointed ________ that originally, there were only four pockets on a pair of blue jeans, the watch pocket ________ (include). "The first blue jeans had four pockets—only one in back and, in the front, two plus the small, watch pocket," the blog stated.
    So next time you find ________ (you) standing casually with your thumb hooked in that small pocket, know that it originally ________ (use) to store a pocket watch. And now that we've got to know the tiny jean pocket, find out ________ blue is the most common color.
【答案】 probably；fifth；a；watches；dates；out；included；yourself；was used；why
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇阐明文，简介了牛仔裤上第五个小口袋原始用途。
（1）考察副词。句意：在你一直想懂得20件小事中，有一件也许与你牛仔裤上第五个小口袋有关。修饰动词短语has to do with用副词，故填probably。
（2）考察数词。句意：在你一直想懂得20件小事中，有一件也许与你牛仔裤上第五个小口袋有关。空后pocket是单数，这表明此处用序数词，表达"第五个"，故填fifth。
（3）考察冠词。句意：今天，它并没有真正用途，但在19世纪晚期，它曾经有过用途。purpose是发音以辅音音素开头可数名词，此处用不定冠词表泛指，故填a。
（4）考察名词。句意：实际上，这个小口袋被称为怀表口袋，由于它原本是男人寄存怀表安全地方。watch是可数名词，此处用复数表泛指，故填watches。
（5）考察时态和主谓一致。句意：它可以追溯到李维斯第一条牛仔裤，这条牛仔裤在1879年上市。陈说是客观事实，用一般目前时，主语为It，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填dates。
（6）考察副词。句意：李维斯博客还指出，本来，蓝色牛仔裤上只有四个口袋，怀表口袋也包括在内。point out固定短语，"指出"，故填out。
（7）考察非谓语动词。句意：李维斯博客还指出，本来，蓝色牛仔裤上只有四个口袋，怀表口袋也包括在内。watch pocket 与include之间是逻辑上动宾关系，表达被动，用过去分词作后置定语，故填included。
（8）考察代词。句意：所如下次当你发现自已大拇指插在那个小口袋里，随意地站着时候，要懂得它本来是用来寄存怀表。根据句意可知此处表达"你自已"，故填yourself。
（9）考察时态语态。句意：所如下次当你发现自已大拇指插在那个小口袋里，随意地站着时候，要懂得它本来是用来寄存怀表。sth be used to do表达"某物是被用来……"，"originally"表明陈说是过去事情，因此用一般过去时被动语态，故填was used。
（10）考察宾语从句。句意：目前我们已经理解了牛仔裤这个小口袋，下面我们来找出为何蓝色是牛仔裤最常见颜色。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺乏原因状语，故填why。
【点评】本题考点波及副词，数词，冠词，名词，时态，主谓一致，非谓语动词，代词以及宾语从句等多种知识点考察，是一篇生活类阅读，规定考生在理解细节信息基础上，深入根据上下文逻辑关系，并结合有关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出对单词形式。

7．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入合适内容（1个单词）或括号内单词对形式。
    Whether you are someone who smiles a lot ________ not, there is always room for improvement. Research ________ (show) that when someone smiles, a number of feel-good neurotransmitters are released(释放)in the body and these are linked with lower heart rate, lower blood pressure, better sleep and ________ (little) stress. It would appear that __