人教版小升初英语中名词辨析句型的用法归纳总结.doc

人教版小升初英语中名词辨析句型使用方法归纳总结
一、选择题
1．—Dad, what is the loudspeaker saying?
—It is to the ________.The fight to Shanghai is checking tickets now.
A．customers B．passengers C．members D．tourists
2．—Could you take out the rubbish and do the dishes，Tony？
—Sure，Mom will be mad if she sees this _________，I think．
A．matter B．mess
C．trouble D．difficulty
3．—Why did the artist make no ________ to be understood or liked?
—He didn’t care what others think of him.
A．risk B．effort C．suggestion D．balance
4．— Could you explain the saying “One tree can’t make a forest.” to me, please?
— OK. It tells us that success comes from good .
A．ability B．personality C．confidence D．teamwork
5．Peter is interested in reading books about animals and plants. He has a real ________ of animals, birds and flowers.
A．courage B．energy C．knowledge D．experience
6．— How do you like Jianye Library?
— Wonderful! I’m especially satisfied with the high ________ of its service.
A．cost B．value C．standard D．price
7．—What’s on the table?
—Can’t you see? There are some ________ of milk.
A．packets B．glasses C．bottles D．cartons
8．People in many foreign countries have parties on Chinese New Year’s Eve now. It means a growing ________ in Chinese culture around the world.
A．direction B．habit C．dream D．interest
9．Mr. Zhang is an excellent Chinese teacher. He has over 20 years’ teaching ________.
A．experience B．progress C．information D．knowledge
10．—Do you feel like moving to Mars?
—Sure. I’m in no ________ that life on Mars would be interesting.
A．doubt B．hurry C．way D．agreement
11．The shopkeeper gave some ________ to use my new iPhone 12 for the first time.
A．directions B．attractions C．instructions D．conditions
12．The man next door is a ________ to Bruce. He doesn’t even know the neighbor’s name.
A．stranger B．volunteer C．trainer D．teacher
13．As a student, getting up early and being afraid of missing the first school bell may be common ________ for you. But thanks to new rules, you can stay in bed longer than before.
A．signs B．symbols C．experiences D．expressions
14．Mr. Li always has his own special ________ to make his lessons lively.
A．surveys B．instructions C．works D．methods
15．Yuan Longping is considered to have made a great _________ to the development of agriculture.
A．progress B．invention C．introduction D．contribution
16．When autumn comes, the ________ will turn yellow, and fall from the tree.
A．mountains B．leaves C．birds D．plants
17．—The air is very fresh in our city. There is less _______ than before.
—Yes. The government has taken action to protect the environment.
A．wood B．pollution C．noise D．water
18．For the time being we can collect much ________ either from books or on the Internet.
A．idea B．method C．information D．suggestion
19．—I didn’t have the to go out alone at night when I was a little child.
—So did I. But now I’m brave enough.
A．courage B．power C．ability D．chance
20．—Though he never held a high ________ in the government, he still cared about common people.
—That’s why many people respected him.
A．condition B．position C．education D．situation
21．Recently, he seemed to be not himself and gave up many chances. We’d better do something to stop him losing the ________ of his life.
A．sense B．course C．direction D．condition
22．—I really admire these scientists in different fields in our country.
—I agree. They have made a great ________ to our country, even to the world.
A．celebration B．conversation C．contribution D．introduction
23．—Sophie, I can carry the heavy bag for you, if you can't.
—That's a very kind________. Thanks a lot.
A．promise B．service C．offer D．suggestion
24．One person’s ________ doesn’t depend on how much money he has made, but on how many contributions he has made to our country.
A．experience B．value C．wealth D．career
25．Life is like riding a bicycle. To keep your ________, you must keep moving.
A．promise B．position C．balance D．ability
26．—I have great ________ in learning Chemistry and I am so worried. Could you help me?
—Sure. I would be glad to.
A．interest B．trouble C．fun D．joy
27．I was attracted by the lady’s warm smile. It was really like a hidden ________ .
A．pleasure B．treasure C．attention D．invention
28．— Can you describe what Mr. Green’s daughter is like?
— Oh, she has the very ______ of Mr. Green. I’m sure you can know her at the first sight.
A．photo B．voice C．look D．taste
29．My grandmother knows the history and medical ________ of many plants.
A．wealth B．price C．value D．cost
30．The number of the people who use Huawei ________ is getting larger and larger.
A．products B．customers C．cultures D．histories
31．—Searching for information is not a big deal today.
—Exactly, the ________ is how we can tell whether the information is true or not.
A．advantage B．message C．challenge D．knowledge
32．The boy is crazy about football but he has no time to play it. He finds it difficult to keep ________ between his schoolwork and his hobbies.
A．balance B．possibility C．relationship D．suggestion
33．—Our country is developing so quickly.
—I think so. School should care about the full ________ of students’ talents.
A．situation B．condition C．development D．standard
34．—Have you heard of a new technology about TV?
—Yes. It’s “8K TV”. I believe that it will make a great ________ to people’s life.
A．surprise B．progress C．difference D．choice
35．With the ________ of the computer, museums today are different from what they used to be.
A．invitation B．introduction C．communication D．pronunciation
36．—What’s your mother?
—She is a ________ in a company.
A．nurse B．farmer C．doctor D．manager
37．— What is the ________ of your excellent works?
— Just practice again and again.
A．value B．duty C．secret D．result
38．The number of the people using Huawei _______is getting larger and larger
A．cultures B．customers C．histories D．products
39．The father put his son’s toy together by following the ________.
A．instructions B．inventions C．collections D．invitations
40．— Do you stay up at night and get up late in the morning just like me?
— Never. I think you’d better break that_________.
A．habit B．project C．ability D．advice
【参照答案】
一、选择题
1．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：——父亲，广播在说什么？——是说给乘客。飞往上海航班正在登机。
考察名词辨析。customers顾客；passengers乘客；members组员；tourists游客。根据“The fight to Shanghai is checking tickets now.”可知，飞往上海航班正在登机，由此可推测出广播是在说给要飞往上海“乘客”听。故选B。
2．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：——托尼，你能倒垃圾，刷碗吗？——当然可以。我认为假如妈妈看见这样狼藉，她会疯了。matter问题；mess狼藉，杂乱；trouble麻烦；difficulty困难。根据Could you take out the rubbish and do the dishes，可知屋里有垃圾，碗和盘子没有刷，因此屋里一片狼藉，故选B。
3．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：——为何艺术家不努力让他人理解或喜欢他？ ——他不在意他人怎么看他。
考察名词辨析。risk风险；effort努力；suggestion提议；balance平衡。考察固定搭配make an effort to do sth.努力做某事；此处表达“不努力做某事”，用make no effort to do sth.。故选B。
4．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：——你能向我解释一下谚语“独木不成林”吗？——可以。告诉我们成功来自良好团体合作。
考察名词词义辨析。题干中“One tree can’t make a forest”意为独木不成林，强调团体合作重要性。故选D。
5．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：彼得对读有关动植物书很感爱好。他对动物、鸟类和花卉都很理解。
考察名词词义辨析。courage勇气；energy能量；knowledge知识；experience经历。根据“Peter is interested in reading books about animals and plants.”可知，Peter对动物、鸟类和花卉都很理解。have a knowledge of意为“理解”。故选C。
6．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：——你觉得建邺图书馆怎么样？ ——太棒了！我对它高原则服务尤其满意。
考察名词。cost价值；value价值；standard原则；price价格。根据上文“Wonderful”可知，此处指是对图书馆高原则服务尤其满意。故选C。
7．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：——桌子上是什么？——莫非你看不见吗？有几瓶牛奶。
考察名词。packets包；glasses杯子；bottles瓶子；cartons纸箱。根据“of milk”可知，牛奶是瓶装，因此用名词bottles。故选C。
8．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：目前，许多外国人们在中国除夕举行晚会。这意味着全世界对中国文化爱好与日俱增。
考察名词辨析。direction方向；habit习惯；dream梦想；interest爱好；根据“in Chinese culture around the world”可知，此处说是对中国文化爱好在增长，故选D。
9．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：张老师是一位优秀语文老师。他有20数年教学经验。
考察名词辨析。experience经验；progress过程；information信息；knowledge知识。根据“He has over 20 years’ teaching”可知，此处指他教学经验很丰富，故选A。
10．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：——你想移居到火星吗？——当然。我确信火星上生活将会很有趣。
考察名词辨析。doubt疑问；hurry匆忙；way措施；agreement协议。根据“Sure. I’m in no... that life on Mars would be interesting”可知，此处表达“确信”，be in no doubt表达“毫无疑问，确信”。故选A。
11．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：店主给了我某些初次使用新iPhone 12操作指南。
考察名词。directions方向；attractions吸引；instructions操作指南；conditions条件。根据下文“use my new iPhone 12”可知，此处指是给了某些使用新手机操作指南。故选C。
12．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：隔壁那个人对布鲁斯来说是陌生人。他连邻居名字都不懂得。
考察名词辨析。stranger陌生人；volunteer志愿者；trainer训练员；teacher老师。根据“He doesn’t even know the neighbor’s name.”可知，二人是陌生人，故选A。
13．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：作为一种学生，早起并胆怯错过第一堂上课铃声也许是你们共同经历。但由于新规定，你可以在床上呆比此前更长时间。
考察名词词义辨析。signs 标志；symbols 象征；experiences 经历；expressions 体现。根据常识可知，“getting up early and being afraid of missing the first school bell”是学生们经历，“experiences”符合句意，故选C。
14．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：李先生总有他自已独特措施使他课生动活泼。
考察名词辨析。surveys调查；instructions指令、指示；works作品；methods措施、措施。根据“to make his lessons lively”，结合选项，可知应是有他自已独特措施使他课生动活泼，因此methods符合题意，故选D。
15．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：袁隆平被认为对农业发展作出了巨大奉献。
考察名词辨析。progress进步；invention发明；introduction简介；contribution奉献。袁隆平对农业发展作出了巨大奉献；make a great contribution to…“对……作出巨大奉献”。故选D。
16．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：当秋天来临时，树叶会变黄，从树上掉下来。
考察名词辨析。mountains山脉；leaves树叶；birds鸟；plants植物；根据“fall from the tree”及常识可知，树叶秋天会变黄，从树上落下，故选B。
17．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：——我们都市空气很新鲜。污染比此前少了。——是。政府已采用行动保护环境。
考察名词辨析。wood树木；pollution污染；noise噪音；water水；根据“The government has taken action to protect the environment.”可知，这里说是污染变少了，故选B。
18．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：就目前而言，我们可以从书上或互联网上搜集许多信息。
考察名词辨析。idea想法，主意；method措施；information信息；suggestion提议。根据空格前形容词“much”可知填不可数名词，idea、method和suggestion是可数名词，而information是不可数名词。故选C。
19．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：——当我还是个小孩子时候，我没有勇气在晚上独自出去。——我也是。但目前我足够勇敢了。
考察名词辨析。A. 勇气；B. 力量；C. 能力；D. 机会。根据go out alone at night结合对方回答So did I. But now I’m brave enough.可知没有勇气在晚上独自出去，故选A。
20．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：——虽然他在政府中从未担任过要职，但他仍然关怀老百姓。——这就是为何诸多人尊敬他。
考察名词辨析。condition条件；position职位；education教育；situation状况。根据“a high… in the government”可知，此处指政府高位要职；high position“高位”。故选B。
21．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：近来，他似乎有些失常，放弃了诸多机会。我们最佳做点什么来制止他失去生活方向。
考察名词辨析。sense感觉；course课程；direction方向；condition条件。根据“Recently, he seemed to be not himself and gave up many chances.”可知他失常地放弃了诸多机会，要制止他失去生活方向。故选C。
22．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：——我真很佩服我国不一样领域科学家。——我同意。他们为我们国家，甚至世界做出了巨大奉献。
考察名词辨析。celebration庆祝；conversation对话；contribution奉献；introduction简介；根据“these scientists in different fields in our country”可知，科学家们为国家甚至世界做出了巨大奉献，故选C。
23．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：——苏菲，假如你拿不动话，我可以帮你拿这个重包。——这是个善意协助。太感谢了。
考察名词辨析。promise承诺；service服务；offer积极提供协助；suggestion提议。根据前文“I can carry the heavy bag for you”，可知是在提供协助，故选C。
24．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：一种人价值不取决于他挣了多少钱，而是取决于他为我们国家做了多少奉献。
考察名词和语境辨析。experience经历；value价值；wealth财富，财产；career职业，工作。根据“doesn’t depend on how much money he has made, but on how many contributions he has made to our country”可知，一种人价值体目前为国家奉献，故选B。
25．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：生活就像骑自行车。为了保持平衡，你必须继续前进。
考察名词辨析。promise承诺；position位置；balance平衡；ability能力。根据情境可知，此处指为了保持平衡，必须继续前进。故选C。
26．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：——我在学习化学方面有很大困难，我非常紧张。你能协助我吗？——当然可以。我很乐意。
考察名词辨析。interest爱好；trouble困难，麻烦；fun乐趣；joy快乐。根据“Could you help me?”可知，需要对方协助，因此表达学习化学有困难，have trouble in doing sth做某事有困难，故选B。
27．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：我被那位女士温暖微笑所吸引。它就像一种隐藏宝藏。
考察名词词义辨析。pleasure快乐；treasure宝藏；attention注意力；invention发明。根据“I was attracted by the lady’s warm smile.”我被那位女士微笑所吸引，可知这里说是它就像隐藏“宝藏”。故选B。
28．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：——你能描述一下格林先生女儿长什么样子吗？——噢，她长得和格林先生非常像。我想你能一眼就认出她。
考察名词辨析。photo照片；voice声音；look相貌；taste味道。根据回答“I’m sure you can know her at the first sight.”可知，她与格林先生有着相似相貌。故选C。
29．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：我奶奶懂得诸多植物历史和药用价值。
考察名词辨析。wealth财富；price价格；value价值；cost花费。medical value表达“药用价值”。故选C。
30．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：用华为产品人数量越来越多。
考察名词辨析。products产品；customers顾客；cultures文化；histories历史。根据“The number of the people who use Huawei...”可知人们用华为产品。故选A。
31．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：——搜索信息在今天并不是什么大事。——确切地说，我们面临挑战是怎样辨别信息真伪。
考察名词辨析。advantage优势；message消息；challenge挑战；knowledge知识。根据题干中“how we can tell whether the information is true or not”可知我们怎样判断信息真实性是一种“挑战”，用challenge符合题意。故选C。
32．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：这个男孩疯狂爱慕足球，不过他没有时间踢球。他发现平衡学习和爱好很困难。
考察名词词义辨析。balance平衡；possibility也许性；relationship关系；suggestion提议。根据“The boy is crazy about football but he has no time to play it”可知虽然这个男孩喜欢足球，不过他还要学习，因此他不知怎样平衡两者。故选A。
33．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：——我们国家发展如此快。——我想是这样。学校应当关怀学生才能充足发展。
考察名词辨析。situation状况；condition条件；development发展；standard原则。根据“of students’ talents”可知，此处表达“学校应当关怀学生才能充足发展”。故选C。
34．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：——你听说过电视一项新技术吗?——是。这是“8 k电视”。我相信这会给人们生活带来很大不一样。
考察名词辨析，surprise惊喜；progress进步；difference差异；choice选择。固定短语：make a great difference“有很大差异；有很大影响”，符合语境“给人们生活带来很大不一样”。故选C。
35．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：由于电脑引进，如今博物馆与过去不一样了。
考察名词词义辨析。invitation（口头或书面）邀请；introduction初次投入使用，采用，引进，推行；communication沟通，交流；pronunciation发音。根据后半句“museums today are different from what they used to be”可知，前半句意为“由于电脑引进”。故选B。
36．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：——你妈妈是做什么？——她是一家企业经理。
考察单词辨析。nurse护士，工作地点医院；farmer农民，工作地点农场；doctor医生，工作地点医院；manager经理，工作地点企业。根据“in a company”可知，manager符合语境。故选D。
37．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：——你优秀作品秘密是什么？——只要反复练习。
考察名词辨析。value价值；duty职责；secret秘密；result成果；根据答语“Just practice again and again”反复练习；可知此处指问询“优秀秘密是什么”，故选C。
38．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：使用华为产品人数越来越多。
考察名词辨析。cultures文化；customers顾客；histories历史；products产品。根据句意可知，空处是体现“使用华为产品人”。故选D。
39．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：父亲按照阐明把儿子玩具组装了起来。
考察名词词义辨析。instructions指示、阐明；inventions发明；collections收藏；invitations邀请。根据句中“The father put his son's toy together”可推知，应是按照阐明。故选A。
40．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：——你和我同样，晚上熬夜，早上很晚才起床吗？——历来没有。我想你最佳改掉这个习惯。
考察名词词义辨析。habit习惯；project工程；ability能力；advice提议。根据“ stay up at night and get up late in the morning”可知这是一种不好习惯，因此这里表达“最佳改掉这个习惯”。故选A。