2025年复习专题完形填空和阅读理解知识点归纳1.doc

复习专题——完形填空和阅读理解知识点归纳（word）1

一、完形填空
1．完形填空
    At the beginning of this century, medical scientists made a interesting discovery（发现）. We are bulk not just of flesh （肉）and blood but also of time. They were 1 to show that we all have a body clock inside us, which controls the 2 and fall of our body energies. It can 3 us different from one day to the next.
    The idea of a body clock should not be too 4 because the lives of most living things are controlled by the 24-hour-night-and-day cycle. We feel 5  and fall asleep at night and become 6  and energetic during the day. Most people will have a bad feeling 24-hour cycle is 7 . For example, people who are not used to working at night can find that luck  （缺乏）of sleep causes them to 8  badly at work.
    Besides （除了） the daily cycle of sleeping and waking, we 9  have other cycle which lasts longer than one day. Most of us would 10  that we feel good on some days and not so good on others. Sometimes our ideas seem to be so active, and at other times they are not.
1. A. quiet
B. able
C. careful
D. strange
2. A. life
B. offer
C. use
D. rise
3. A. show
B. treat
C. make
D. Change
4. A. difficult
B. natural
C. surprising
D. frightening
5. A. quiet
B. tired
C. comfortable
D. cheerful
6. A. regular
B. serious
C. lively
D. clear
7. A. troubled
B. pushed
C. restarted
D. changed
8. A. perform
B. suffer
C. count
D. control
9. A. hardly
B. also
C. only
D. almost
10. A. afford
B. admire
C. advise
D. agree
【答案】 （1）B；（2）D；（3）C；（4）C；（5）B；（6）C；（7）D；（8）A；（9）B；（10）D；
【解析】【分析】重要讲了人体生物钟控制着我们身体能量起伏，让我们每天都不一样。
（1）句意：它们可以表明在我们身体里面有一种生物钟。A.安静；B.有能力；C.仔细；D.奇怪。be able to do sth.可以做某事，固定搭配，故选B。
（2）句意：它们可以表明在我们身体里面有一种生物钟，这个生物钟可以控制着我们身体能量起伏。A.生活；B.提供；C.使用；D.升起。fall下降，所此前面用升起即rise，rise and fall起伏，故选D。
（3）句意：它可以让我们一天不一样于下一天。A.表明；B.看待；C.让；D.变化。make sb.+形容词，表达让某人怎样，固定搭配，故选C。
（4）句意：生物钟概念不应当太令人惊讶，由于大多数生物生命都是由昼夜24小时循环控制。A.困难；B.自然；C.惊讶；D.胆怯。由于大多数生物生命都是由昼夜24小时循环控制，因此生物钟不应当让人太惊讶，故选C。
（5）句意：我们感到疲倦，晚上睡着，白天变得活泼而精力充沛。A.安静；B.疲劳；C.舒适；D.快乐。以为疲劳，因此晚上睡觉，故选B。
（6）句意：我们感到疲倦，晚上睡着，白天变得活泼而精力充沛。A.规律；B.严重；C.有活力；D.清晰。根据energetic有精力，可知前面形容词表达同义词，因此用lively，有活力，故选C。
（7）句意：大多数人都会有一种不好感觉，24小时周期被变化了。A.麻烦；B.推；C.重启；D.变化。生物钟被变化了，因此会感到不舒适，故选D。
（8）句意：例如，不习惯晚上工作人会发现，睡眠缺乏会使他们在工作中体现糟糕。A.演出，体现；B.遭受；C.数数；D.控制。缺乏睡眠会让他们工作中体现不好，故选A。
（9）句意：除了每天睡眠和清醒周期外，我们尚有其他持续时间超过一天周期。A.几乎不；B.也；C.仅仅；D.几乎。根据后文Sometimes our ideas seem to be so active, and at other times they are not.可知讲了其他周期，即也有其他周期，故选B。
（10）句意：我们大多数人都会同意，有些日子我们感觉很好，有些日子却不太好。A.承担得起；B.欣赏；C.提议；D.同意。我们大部分人会同意有些日子我们感觉很好，有些日子却不太好，故选D。
【点评】考察完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词含义，最终对选项进行区别，选出对那一项。

2．完形填空
    Many years ago in a village, Harlem, Holland, there lived a young boy. His name was Hans and he was eight years old. One 1 day, Hans went across the reservoir（水库） to visit an old blind man. He gave the man some biscuits and stayed there for a while. Then, Hans decided to 2 his home.
    "The water in the reservoir usually gets 3 in autumn," said the old man." Be 4 , Hans." On his way home, Hans sang a song, watched the rabbits run around and picked some flowers for his mother. 5 , the sky got dark and heavy rain began to fall. Hans felt afraid and started to, 6 Just then, he heard the sound of water running away. He looked around carefully, and then 7 a very small hole in the dam（水坝）.
    Hans felt scared 8 he knew what could happen. The 9 could get bigger and bigger. Then the dam could break and the whole Harlem would be covered by water. Hans knew what to do. He put his finger into the hole, 10 no more water could come through it. "Please, someone, help me!" Hans 11 . But there was no one to help him. After some time, he began to feel very cold and tired, but he could not 12 the dam. All night long, Hans waited and waited...
    The next morning, a farmer walked by and heard Hans' cries. "I am trying to stop the 13 ,"the boy said. "Can you help me?" The farmer called some other people and they quickly 14 the hole. Then, they took Hans home. Everyone was very proud of that 15 boy.
1. A. spring
B. summer
C. autumn
D. winter
2. A. clean
B. find out
C. return to
D. draw
3. A. dirtier
B. colder
C. quieter
D. higher
4. A. careful
B. kind
C. clever
D. helpful
5. A. Surely
B. Suddenly
C. Finally
D. Normally
6. A. jump
B. wait
C. run
D. work
7. A. made
B. noticed
C. dug
D. felt
8. A. because
B. even if
C. before
D. so that
9. A. rain
B. dam
C. finger
D. hole
10. A. unless
B. when
C. so
D. but
11. A. regretted
B. expected
C. imagined
D. shouted
12. A. leave
B. believe
C. see
D. build
13. A. rabbits
B. people
C. water
D. river
14. A. discovered
B. repaired
C. developed
D. protected
15. A. brave
B. patient
C. active
D. cute
【答案】 （1）C；（2）C；（3）D；（4）A；（5）B；（6）C；（7）B；（8）A；（9）D；（10）C；（11）D；（12）A；（13）C；（14）B；（15）A；
【解析】【分析】重要讲了许数年前，在荷兰哈莱姆区一种村庄里，住着一种小男孩。他叫汉斯，八岁。一种秋日，汉斯穿过水库去看望一种老盲人。他给了那个人某些饼干，在那儿呆了一会儿。然后，汉斯决定回家。
（1）句意：一种秋天，斯穿过水库去看望一种老盲人。A.春天；B.夏天；C.秋天；D.冬天。根据后文in autumn可知讲是秋天，故选C。
（2）句意：然后，汉斯决定返回他家。A.打扫；B.发现；C.返回；D.画画。根据后文On his way home在他回家路上，因此是返回家，故选C。
（3）句意：水库里水一般在秋天变得更高。A.更脏；B.更冷；C.更安静；D.更高。根据后文说是小心点，因此是水高，故选D。
（4）句意：小心点。A.仔细；B.友好；C.聪颖；D.有协助。由于水高，因此要小心点，故选A。
（5）句意：忽然，天空变黑暗了，大雨开始下。A.当然；B.忽然；C.最终；D.正常地。根据前文可知天气是好，忽然开始下雨，故选B。
（6）句意：汉斯感到胆怯，开始跑。A.跳起来；B.等待；C.跑；D.工作。由于胆怯而跑，故选C。
（7）句意：他仔细环顾四周，然后注意到大坝上一种非常小洞。A.制作；B.注意到；C.挖；D.感觉到。根据Just then, he heard the sound of water running away.可知汉斯听见水流声音，因此注意到洞，故选B。
（8）句意：汉斯感到胆怯，由于他懂得什么也许发生。A.由于；B.仿佛；C.在......之前；D.目是。胆怯原因是懂得会发生什么，故选A。
（9）句意：洞变得越来越大。A.雨水；B.大坝；C.手指；D.洞。根据前文a very small hole in the dam（水坝）可知水坝上有一种小洞，洞越来越大，故选D。
（10）句意：他把他手指放进洞里，因此没有水可以通过它。A.除非；B.当......时候；C.因此；D.不过。由于把手放进洞里，因此水通不过它，后句表达成果，因此用so，故选C。
（11）句意：“请协助我”汉斯喊叫。A.懊悔；B.期望；C.想象；D.喊叫。汉斯看见大坝洞里流水，因此喊叫让其他人协助，故选D。
（12）句意：一会后，他开始感到非常冷和累，不过他不能离开大坝。A.离开；B.相信；C.看见；D.建立。大坝里洞让水一直流，因此汉斯不能离开，故选A。
（13）句意：我正在努力制止水。A.兔子；B.人；C.水；D.河流。汉斯在制止洞里水，故选C。
（14）句意：那个农民喊了其他人，他们迅速修理洞。A.发现；B.修理；C.发展；D.保护。看见了大坝上洞，因此是迅速修理，故选B。
（15）句意：每个人为那个勇敢男孩感到骄傲。A.勇敢；B.耐心；C.积极；D.可爱。汉斯为了制止水再次流出来，守了大坝一夜，因此汉斯是勇敢，故选A。
【点评】考察完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词含义，最终对选项进行区别，选出对那一项。

3．阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
    When I visit the Science Museum, I go to the Launchpad. This is my favourite room 1  you can do physics experiments. For example, if you want to fill a bag with 2  sand, you have to move a kind of truck on wheels into the correct position. I also go to the Rocket Show. You can learn how we travel 3  space and back again.
    Then I go upstairs to the Hmnan and Nature Room. You can 4  your speed with animals there. You hear a noise and push a button. If you aren't fast 5  , the lion catches you! I'm faster 6  all my friends, but the lion still catches me.
    There are also rooms on transport, the environment and space technology, 7 maths, physics and chemistry.
    You can do a lot of things in this museum, but you have to obey some rules as well. For example, you mustn't take photos of the 8 in the museum. But you can buy postcards of them in the museum shops.   9 , the Science Museum is free. That means you can drop in for a few minutes or you can stay as long as you like--it's open every day, from 10 am to 6 pm. So if you ever go to London, 10 you visit the Science Museum. It's my favourite museum in the whole world.
1. A. for
B. because
C. and
D. why
2. A. fairing
B. to fall
C. fallen
D. falls
3. A. onto
B. up to
C. into
D. out of
4. A. compare
B. spread
C. attract
D. produce
5. A. well
B. enough
C. too
D. very
6. A. than
B. to
C. and
D. but also
7. A. rather than
B. as far as
C. as well as
D. above all
8. A. works
B. exhibits
C. advantages
D. products
9. A. More than
B. In fact
C. As well
D. Above all
10. A. work out
B. make sure
C. set up
D. stand for
【答案】 （1）B；（2）A；（3）C；（4）A；（5）B；（6）A；（7）C；（8）B；（9）D；（10）B；
【解析】【分析】重要讲了作者去科学博物馆时所见。
（1）句意：由于你可以做物理试验。A.为了；B.由于；C.和；D.为何。根据前句This is my favourite room这是我最喜欢房间，可知前后句表达因果关系，表达原因，因此用because，故选B。
（2）句意：假如你想用下落沙子充斥袋子，你不得不移动卡车轮子进入对方向。with是介词，所后来面用动词ing，故选A。
（3）句意：你可以学习我们怎样旅行进入空间和再次返回。A.在......上面；B.抵达；C.进入；D.从......出来。travel into旅行进入，故选C。
（4）句意：你可以和那里动物速度比较。A.比较；B.传播；C.吸引；D.生产。compare...with...，和......比较......，故选A。
（5）句意：假如你局限性够快，狮子将捉住你。A.好；B.足够；C.太；D.非常。形容词+enough，表达足够......，故选B。
（6）句意：我比我所有朋友更快。A.比；B.到；C.和；D.并且。faster是比较级，than是比较级标志词，故选A。
（7）句意：除了数学、物理和化学方面，在交通、环境、和天空科技也有空间。A.而不是；B.和......同样远；C.除......之外；D.最重要是。根据句意可知是除了数学、物理和化学，故选C。
（8）句意：你严禁给博物馆里展览品拍照。A.作品；B.展览品；C.优势；D.产品。根据常识可知博物馆里有展览品，故选B。
（9）句意：最最重要是，科学博物馆是免费。A.超过；B.实际上；C.也；D.最重要是。根据句意可知是最重要是博物馆免费，故选D。
（10）句意：因此假如你去伦敦，你务必参观科学博物馆。A.起作用；B.务必；C.建立；D.支持。根据后句可知作者认为博物馆是最喜欢，因此提议他人去伦敦时，务必参观博物馆，故选B。
【点评】考察完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词含义，最终对选项进行区别，选出对那一项。

4．阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项A、B、C、D中，选出可以填入空白处最佳选项。
    Having brothers or sisters means owning the most expensive gift in the world. With them, we do not have to live a 1  life and we can also learn a lot from them.
I 2  in a blue-collar （蓝领） large family a few miles into the countryside outside Chicago. There were four 3  in my family and my parents lived a hard life to bring us up. Among all my sisters, Cynthia, who is four years older than I, has 4  me the most. Cynthia has never 5  to be different. She has always dared to point the unfair things out and 6  the way things were around us, trying to change the negative （消极） situations through her own efforts. She has always had the 7  to look at life from a different and unusual perspective （角度）. That made me 8  her very much. Her example gave me the courage to question things like her and taught me to explore my own world 9 .
    Now we're both old 10  we're still exploring. We 11  a lot together each year and this year we're going to visit a few African countries. After experiencing more and more, I realize that it's great to grow old because without work to 12 , you have more time to take trips and have adventures, like we are now. Cynthia and I have always been 13 , and now in our 60s, we still keep a good relationship as ever. I'm so grateful to have such a sister.
    Do you have any brothers or sisters? If you do, you're in 14 . They will be your lifelong wealth. Please 15  your time together and be a positive role model for the younger ones.
1. A. poor
B. busy
C. lonely
D. proud
2. A. grew up
B. stood out
C. looked back
D. talked back
3. A. pets
B. friends
C. relatives
D. children
4. A. pardoned
B. influenced
C. mentioned
D. interviewed
5. A. warned
B. feared
C. agreed
D. tried
6. A. prove
B. explain
C. consider
D. challenge
7. A. money
B. time
C. ability
D. report
8. A. miss
B. control
C. admire
D. dislike
9. A. suddenly
B. bravely
C. probably
D. luckily
10. A. but
B. so
C. because
D. or
11. A. worry
B. travel
C. create
D. discuss
12. A. walk into
B. take in
C. die down
D. deal with
13. A. close
B. slow
C. lovely
D. popular
14. A. danger
B. trouble
C. luck
D. shape
15. A. separate
B. double
C. value
D. afford
【答案】 （1）C；（2）A；（3）D；（4）B；（5）B；（6）D；（7）C；（8）C；（9）B；（10）A；（11）B；（12）D；（13）A；（14）C；（15）C；
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文重要论述拥有兄弟姐妹意味着拥有世界上最昂贵礼品。有了他们，我们不必过孤单生活，我们也可以从他们身上学到诸多。最终告诫人们：请爱惜在一起时间，为年轻人做一种积极楷模。
（1）句意：我们不必过孤单生活，我们也可以从他们身上学到诸多。A：poor贫穷； B：busy忙； C：lonely孤单； D：proud骄傲。根据上文With them, 可知不必过孤单生活，故选C。
（2）句意：我在一种蓝领大家庭长大，家在芝加哥郊外几英里地方。A：grew up长大； B：stood out脱颖而出； C：looked back 回忆；D：talked back反唇相讥，会话。根据... in a blue-collar （蓝领） large family ，可知一定是长大，故选A。
（3）句意：我家有四个孩子，我父母生活很艰苦，很难抚养我们长大。A：pets宠物； B：friends朋友； C：relatives亲属； D：children孩子。根据下文 my parents lived a hard life to bring us up. 可知us是指孩子，故选D。
（4）句意：比我大四岁辛西娅对我影响最大。A：pardoned原谅； B：influenced影响； C：mentioned提到； D：interviewed面试，采访。根据下文She has always dared to point the unfair things out ...可知这正是影响他最大，故选B。
（5）句意：辛西娅从不胆怯与众不一样。A：warned 警告；B：feared恐惊； C：agreed 同意；D：tried尝试。根据She has always dared to point the unfair things out and ______，可知她是不胆怯指出不公正事情，她不胆怯与众不一样，故选B。
（6）句意：A：prove证明； B：explain解释； C：consider仔细思考； D：challenge竞争。根据下文 She has always had the   7 to look at life from a different and unusual perspective .从不一样和不寻常角度看待生活。可知勇于挑战我们周围事情，故选D。
（7）句意：她总是有能力从不一样和不寻常角度看待生活。A：money金钱； B：time时间； C：ability能力； D：report汇报。根据下文Her example gave me the courage to question things like her...可知她有能力从不一样和不寻常角度看待生活，故选C。
（8）句意：这使我非常佩服她。A：miss错过，想念； B：control 控制；C：admire佩服，欣赏； D：dislike讨厌。根据下文 Her example gave me the courage to question things like her and taught me to explore my own world 9  .可知让我佩服她，故选C。
（9）句意：她楷模给了我勇气去质疑像她这样事情，教会了我勇敢地探索自已世界。A：suddenly忽然； B：bravely 勇敢地；C：probably也许地； D：luckily幸运地。根据上文 Her example gave me the courage to question things like her，可知正是楷模力量给了他勇气，才会教会了他勇敢地探索自已世界。故选B。
（10）句意：目前我们都老了，但我们还在探索。A：but不过； B：so因此； C：because由于； D：or否则，或者。根据前句我们都老了和后句我们还在探索意思可知是转折关系，要用连词but，故选A。
（11）句意：我们每年一起旅行诸多，今年我们要去几种非洲国家。A：worry 使紧张；B：travel旅行； C：create发明； D：discuss谈论。根据下文this year we're going to visit a few African countries.可知是旅游诸多，故选B。
（12）句意：我意识到变老是件好事，由于没有工作可以处理，A：walk into走近； B：take in收留； C：die down逐渐减弱，消逝； D：deal with处理。根据上文without work和下文 you have more time to take trips and have adventures, like we are now.可知就可以处理旅游和冒险事情，故选D。
（13）句意：辛西娅和我一直很亲密，目前60多岁了，我们仍然保持着良好关系。A：close靠近，亲密； B：slow慢； C：lovely可爱； D：popular受欢迎。根据下文 we still keep a good relationship as ever.可知她们关系还是很亲密，故选A。
（14）句意：假如你这样做了，你就走运了。A：danger危险； B：trouble麻烦； C：luck幸运； D：shape外形。根据下文They will be your lifelong wealth. 可知你是幸运，故选C。
（15）句意：请爱惜你们在一起时间，为年轻人做一种积极楷模。A：separate分开； B：double加倍； C：value珍视，爱惜； D：afford付得起。根据下文be a positive role model for the younger ones.可知应当爱惜在一起时间，故选C。
【点评】考察完形填空。做题时，应先通读全文，理解大意，理清文章内容和逻辑关系。然后逐一做题，注意上下文提醒和空前后搭配；最终再读短文，印证答案。

5．完形填空
    I walked along the sea for about an hour until I began to feel hungry. It was seven. At that time, I was not far from a favorite 1 of mine, where I often went to eat two or three times a week. I knew the owner well.
    I went into the restaurant, which was already 2 , and ordered my meal. While I was waiting, I looked 3  to see if I knew anyone in the restaurant. Then I saw a man sitting at a corner table near the door keeping looking in my direction as if he knew me. I certainly didn't know him, for I 4 forgot a person. The man had a newspaper 5 in front of him. But I could see that he was keeping an eye