2025年英语初中英语宾语从句解题方法和技巧及练习题.doc

（英语）初中英语宾语从句(一)解题措施和技巧及练习题

一、初中英语宾语从句
1．I didn't know .
A．when would the train arrive B．where could I get the book
C．what has been done D．who left the message
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意:我不懂得谁留言。根据句意可知，这里考察是宾语从句，从句中应当使用陈说语序，故A和B不对；这个题干中谓语动词部分didn’t know 使用是一般过去时态，故宾语从句中也应当用过去时态，故C不对，它是目前完毕时。故选D。
考点：考察宾语从句。

2．—Could you please tell me _____?
—Find out which you can’t remember, memorize them and then practice them in reading.
A．how many words and expressions I should remember
B．how I could remember so many words and expressions
C．how I can remember so many words and expressions
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考察宾语从句，句意：“-你能告诉我怎么能记住这样多单词和体现吗？-找出你记不起东西，背下来，然后在阅读中练习。”，观测句子，属于宾语从句，那么从句语序应当是陈说语气，并且主句时态为一般目前时，那么从句时态应当根据详细状况而定，结合句意应当使用一般目前时，故选C。

3．—Excuse me, could you tell me ______?
—Sorry, sir. I wasn’t there at that time.
A．how did the accident happen B．how the accident happened
C．how does the accident happen D．how the accident happens
【答案】B
【解析】
宾语从句，需用陈说语序，排除A、C，看语境可知，发生在过去，用过去时态，选择B。

4．-Excuse me. Could you please tell me ____________?
-Sure. There’s a bookstore on River Road.
A．where I can get a dictionary B．if is there a bookstore on River Road
C．where can I get a dictionary D．how could I get a dictionary
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——打扰了。你能告诉我，我在哪里能买到一本词典吗？——当然可以。在沿江路上有一家书店。where I can get a dictionary我在哪里可以买到一本词典，if is there a bookstore on River Road在沿江路与否有一家书店，where can I get a dictionary 我在哪里可以买到一本词典. how could I get a dictionary我怎样能买到一本词典。根据There’s a bookstore on River Road.可知此处问询地点，作为动词tell宾语从句，故用陈说语序：疑问词+主语+谓语+宾语，故选A。

5．—Can you tell me _____________?
—Of course. Japan.
A．what’s his job B．where does he come from
C．where he is from D．what language he speaks
【答案】C
【解析】
这题考察疑问句做宾语从句使用方法，宾语从句要变成陈说句语序，在根据答语：Japan，阐明是问从哪里来。选C。

6．—I’m sorry about yesterday.
—Don’t worry about it. It’s never just one person’s fault. We should think about______better next time.
A．how can we do it B．how we can do it
C．how can they do it D．how they can do it
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——昨天我很抱歉。——不用紧张。它永远不只是一种人错。我们应当考虑下一次怎样做得更好。考察宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈说句语序，AC都是疑问句语序，可排除。It’s never just one person’s fault. 不只是一种人错，意思是“我们大家均有责任”；根据句意语境，可知they不合句意，故选B。

7．―Excuse me, could you tell me ?
―There is a bank on the second floor. You can make it there.
A．where the bank is B．how I can get to the bank
C．if there's a bank near here D．where I can exchange money
【答案】D
【解析】
句意：——打扰了，你能告诉我在哪里我可以兑换钱币吗？——在二楼有一种银行。你可以在那里做到。where the bank is 银行在哪里； how I can get to the bank我怎样抵达那个银行；
if there's a bank near here 这附近有银行吗？where I can exchange money我在哪里可以兑换钱币。根据There is a bank on the second floor. You can make it there.可知此处表达在银行那里可以做到事，应是在那里兑换钱币，故选D。

8．—Lily, have you decided ___________ for traveling this summer?
—Not yet. Maybe some cities in the north.
A．where will you go B．where you will go
C．how will you go D．how you will go
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：——莉莉，你决定今年夏天去哪儿旅行了吗？——还没有。也许北方某些都市。考察宾语从句。本句是宾语从句，疑问词引导宾语从句需用陈说语序，可排除AC选项。根据答语Maybe some cities in the north，说是地点，可知需用where引导，故选B。

9．—I have no idea the meeting room yesterday afternoon.
—Jack, I guess.
A．who cleans B．who cleaned C．why he cleaned
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意“我不懂得昨天下午谁打扫了会议室。-我猜是杰克”。根据Jack, I guess可知，应问“谁打扫了教室”，问人，用who，排除C。且根据yesterday afternoon可知，用一般过去时，故选B。

10．—Many people talk about “Didi”. I really wonder _______.
—Just call to order a taxi through it on your mobile phone.
A．how I can use it B．who uses it most C．why people use it D．what it is used for
【答案】D
【解析】
句意：许多人都在谈论“滴滴”。我真不懂得它是用来做什么。——就是通过它在你手机上打电话叫出租车。答语中解释了“滴滴”用途，因此上面宾语从句是想懂得它用途，故答案为D。
点睛：宾语从句是中考中常常考察到语法内容。宾语从句首先要注意连接词，当原句是陈说句时由连词that引导，当原句是一般疑问句时由连词if/weather引导，当原句是特殊疑问句时，以本来疑问词作为连接词。同步要注意宾语从句人称，时态，语序。宾语从句时态受主句影响，当主句是一般目前时态，从句可以用任意时态，当主句是过去时态时，从句用过去时态某种形式（客观真理除外），需要尤其注意是宾语从句语序一定是陈说句语序。

11．--Could you tell me ___________
--- It’s about ten minutes’ drive.
A．how long it takes him to drive to school
B．how far it is from your home to school
C．how soon your sister get back from school
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意“-你能告诉我从你家到学校多远吗？-开车大概10分钟”。本题考察宾语从句。how long问长度或时间长短；how far问距离；how soon多久，后接一般未来时。根据It’s about ten minutes’ drive可知，问是距离，故选B。

12．Father's Day is coming. I'm thinking about .
A．what present I gave him
B．if I planned a party for him
C．how I will give him a surprise
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意“父亲节就要到了，我正在思考我怎样给他一种惊喜”。A.我给他什么礼品；B.我与否给他一种派对；C.我怎样给他一种惊喜。根据Father's Day is coming“父亲节就要来了”可知，用一般未来时，故选C。

13．—Gina, I’d like to visit Alan tomorrow. Could you tell me ?
—Sorry, I don’t know his address, either.
A．where does he live B．where he lives C．where he lived D．where did he live
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：-Gina，我明天想去看望Alan，你能告诉我他住在哪里吗？-对不起，我也不懂得他地址。where does he live他住在哪里，是疑问句；where he lives他住在哪里，陈说句语序；where he lived一般过去时；where did he live疑问句，一般过去时。根据句子构造可知，这里考察宾语从句，从句中应用陈说语序，故排除A和D。could这里表达语气委婉，并非表达过去。根据句意可知，这里说是客观事实，应用一般目前时，故选B。

14．---Do you know our head teacher over there?
---I have seen her before. But I don’t know___________.
A．what her name is B．what does she look like
C．where she is D．what is she
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——你认识那边班主任吗？——我此前见过她。但我不懂得她叫什么名字。
A.她叫什么；B.她长什么样；C.她在哪里；D.她是什么？根据句意可知，此句是宾语从句，从句要用陈说语序，故排除B和D；此空意思是.她叫什么名字？故排除C，故选A。

15．— Daniel, I’ m still not sure .
— Why not? No one is better than you in our class.
A．how I can prepare for the competition
B．whether I should take part in the competition
C．who I can ask for more information about the competition
D．when I can enter the competition
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：—丹尼尔，我还是不确定我与否应当参与这个比赛。—为何不呢?在我们班没有人比你更好。A. how I can prepare for the competition我怎样为比赛做准备；B. whether I should take part in the competition我与否应当参与比赛；C. who I can ask for more information about the competition我可以向谁问询更多有关比赛信息；D. when I can enter the competition我什么时候可以进入比赛。根据回答，why not？为何不呢？可知，问题是问意见，与否做某事，故选B。

16．—Could you please tell me _____?
—Sure. On Friday afternoon.
A．where the book sale is B．when the book sale is C．what the book sale is about
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——你能告诉图书展销会是什么时候吗?——当然。周五下午。考察宾语从句。where在哪里，问地点；when什么时候，问时间；what什么，问事情。根据回答On Friday afternoon.可知问是时间，故选B。

17．I could hardly understand ______ in class, so I raised my hand to ask.
A．what my teacher said B．what did my teacher say
C．what has my teacher say D．what my teacher has said
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：我几乎不能明白老师在课堂上说，因此我举手提问了。
考察宾语从句，英语中宾语从句一般用陈说语序，结合语境可知本句从句中描述是过去发生动作，故用一般过去时态，选A。

18． --Is Tom still in New York or already back at home?
--I’m not sure ________. I’ll call to make sure.
A．how he will be back B．that he has come back
C．why he has come back D．if he has been back
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：—汤姆仍在纽约呢还是已经回到家了？—我不懂得他与否已经回来。我打个电话核算一下。A. how he will be back 他怎样回来；B. that he has come back他已经回来了；C. why he has come back 他为何已经回来了； D. if he has been back他与否已经回来。根据语境及选项意思，故选D。
考点：考察宾语从句。

19．Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me ________？
A．where is the bank nearest
B．where is the nearest bank
C．where the nearest bank is
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：-打扰一下，先生，你能告诉我近来银行在哪里吗？where is the bank nearest形式错误，nearest是形容词最高级，应当放在名词前面，并且这个宾语从句中应使用陈说语序；where is the nearest bank是疑问语序，在宾语从句中应使用陈说语序；where the nearest bank is是where引导宾语从句，从句中使用是陈说语序，故应选C。

20．— Do you know ______, Jack?
— Because she missed her parents and went to see them.
A．why Ann flew to England B．why does Ann fly to England
C．why Ann flies to England D．why did Ann fly to England
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——你懂得安为何飞往英国了吗，杰克？——由于她想她父母了，她想去看望他们。
根据句子构造可知，本题考察宾语从句。宾语从句构造是引导词＋陈说句语序，即：主语＋谓语＋……，因此排除B/ D，再根据答语中missed可知，应当用过去时，因此选择A。
【点睛】
宾语从句考察中引导词确实定要根据上下句句意来确定，然后引导词后要加陈说句，即主语＋谓语＋其他，本题根据答语中because确定引导词why之后，要懂得后接陈说句语序，再根据时态判断可知，应当选择A。

21．— Mike, can you explain ______?
— I’m sorry, Mum. I was listening to music and didn’t hear it.
A．why everything in the house was in a mess
B．why nobody answered the phone when I called you
C．how you could finish the homework in such a short time
D．how you can make the robot work since there is no power
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：——迈克，你能解释一下我打电话给你时，为何没有人接电话吗？——对不起，妈妈，我在听音乐，没听到。根据can you explain ______？可知本题考察宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈说句语序，结合选项，可知语序都对。根据下文I was listening to music and didn’t hear it.可知选项B“当我打电话时候，为何没有人接电话”符合题意，故答案选B。

22．— You look so worried, James. What happened?
— I’m still thinking ______ I can pass the exam or not.
A．though B．whether C．unless D．until
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：——你看起来很紧张，杰姆斯。怎么搞？——我还在想我与否能通过考试。考察连词辨析题。A. though尽管，表让步；B. whether与否，表疑问；C. unless除非，表条件；D. until直到才，表时间。ACD三项都引导状语从句，本句是宾语从句，需用whether引导；根据句意语境，可知选B。

23．—Do you know ?
—Let me see. I remember it was on March 18th.
A．why did they move here B．why they moved here
C．when did they move here D．when they moved here
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析：句意：---你懂得他们什么时候搬到这儿吗？ --让我想想。我记得那是在三月十八日。在宾语从句中只能用陈说句语序，不能用疑问句语序。结合答语中I remember it was on March 18th可知该选D。
考点：考察宾语从句。

24．—Tom wants to know if you ___ a picnic next Sunday.
—Yes. But if it ___， we'll visit the museum instead.
A．will have; will rain B．have; rains
C．have; will rain D．will have; rains
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：汤姆想懂得下周你与否要去野餐。——是，不过假如下雨，我们就会去参观博物馆。结合语境可知上文是宾语从句，描述是未来发生动作，故用一般未来时态。下文是条件状语从句，当主句为一般未来时态时，条件状语从句中用一般目前时态表达未来动作，结合语境可知选D。
考点：从句中时态
点评：英语宾语从句时态和主句没有必然联络，需结合语境进行详细分析。而英语状语从句时态与主句有比较紧密联络，若主句为一般未来时，时间和条件状语从句一般要用一般目前时表达未来，而不能直接使用未来时态。

25．—Do you know _________ the meeting?
—Tomorrow morning.
A．when they had
B．when they are going to have
C．when did they have
D．when are they going to have
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——你懂得他们什么时候来开会吗？——明天早上。
此题考察宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈说句语序，C和D是疑问句语序，故排除；根据回答Tomorrow morning可知此句时态是一般未来时，A是一般过去时，B是一般未来时；故选B。

26．— May Day is coming up. Have you decided ________?
— I’m planning to go on a trip to Hangzhou.
A．when you’re going to spend it
B．how often are you going to spend it
C．where you’re going to spend it
D．how are you going to spend it
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——五一到来了。你决定你要去哪过五一吗？——我打算去杭州旅行。
考察宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈说句语序，B和D是疑问句语序，可知排除；根据回答“我打算去杭州旅行”可知问句是“你决定你要去哪过五一吗？”问句地点，不是时间，故选C。

27．—I want to know ________.
—Miss Black.
A．who do you want to travel with B．who else can you see
C．who really cares about you D．who else did you call up
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——我想懂得谁真正在意你。——布莱克小姐。考察宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈说句语序，ABD三项是疑问句语序，可排除。根据句意构造，可知选C。

28．—Tom, do you know ____?
—In Beijing.
A．where will the 24th Winter Olympics be held
B．where the 24th Winter Olympics will hold
C．where the 24th Winter Olympics will be held
D．where will the 24th Winter Olympics hold
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——汤姆，你懂得第24届冬奥会将在哪里举行吗？ ——在北京。本题考察宾语从句。宾语从句语序应当用陈说句语序，排除A/D；the 24th Winter Olympics与hold“举行”之间存在着被动关系，因此应当用被动句。故选C。

29．—Have you decided ____ the Expo Beijing?
—This summer holiday.
A．how are you going to B．how you are going to
C．when are you going to D．when you are going to
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——你决定什么时候去北京博览会了吗？——今年暑假。根据疑问词引导宾语从句要用陈说语序，排除A/C；根据This summer holiday.可知问什么时候；故选D。
【点睛】
1、宾语从句要用陈说语序，即引导词+主语+谓语+其他
例如：Do you know who they are waiting for?
2、宾语从句时态遵照：主现从任意，主过从过去，从句是客观事实与真理，一律用一般目前时。
例如：I wonder who cleaned the room. I wonder who will clean the room.
例如：I knew she had swept the floor.
例如：They knew the sun is much bigger than the earth.

30．—Excuse me! Do you know ?
—It’s two kilometers away from here.
A．where is the supermarket B．when does the supermarket open
C．where the supermarket is D．when the supermarket opens
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——打扰一下，你懂得超市在哪里吗？——离这里有两公里远。考察宾语从句。根据Excuse me! Do you know ?可知考察宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈说语序，因此可排除A、B选项；结合回答It’s two kilometers away from here.可知问是地点，因此用where“在哪里”，而when表达是“什么时候”，因此排除；故答案选C。