2025年北师大版六年级英语动词短语词义辨用法详解英语学习外语学习.doc

北师大版六年级英语动词短语词义辨使用方法详解_英语学习_外语学习
一、选择题
1．—Sorry to ________ your valuable time.
—It’s OK.
A．take off B．take up C．take out D．take in
2．The book is written by T. C．Smith.
What does the “T. C． ”?
A．pay attention to B．regard as C．stand for D．set off
3．The meeting was supposed to ________ on Tuesday, but we’ve had to put it off.
A．turn on B．turn out C．take place D．take up
4．— Hi, Simon! You look so excited. What happened?
—We won the football match, and the result ________ to be better than expected.
A．turned out B．found out C．worked out D．came out
5．Much to everyone’s surprise, Hi, Mom ________ to be a biggest hit.
A．turns out B．puts out C．carries out D．breaks out
6．—It is careless of him to________ the books on the table. What a mess!
—Maybe he is getting uncomfortable from staying up too late every day.
A．knock over B．knock down C．knock off D．knock on
7．Andrew once tried to ________ a brighter light in his bedroom, but he failed in the end.
A．put on B．put in C．put out D．put up
8．Daniel is the most modest boy in our class, because he never ________ in public.
A．gets off B．takes off C．shows off D．turns off
9．— How can I get good grades in the listening test, Miss Lin?
— You can the questions quickly before listening.
A．look through B．go over C．pay attention to D．take notice of
10．—How was your May Day holiday?
—Just so-so. We drove to Suzhou and tried to find a place for parking, but they were all________.
A．turned up B．stayed up C．taken up D．put up
11．A survey about why teenagers like bilibili so much was ________ here last week.
A．taken out B．carried out C．turned out D．worked out
12．Scientists need to ________ several surveys before making a conclusion.
A．give up B．carry out C．hear of D．look for
13．—What time does the first train to Beijing leave?
—Wait a minute. I am just ________ the train times.
A．taking up B．picking up C．making up D．looking up
14．When you are given a difficult task, try to ________ it and finish it.
A．join in B．stick with C．search for D．think of
15．—We have waited for Tom for half an hour. Why hasn’t he ________ yet?
—He may have got lost. Let me call him.
A．cheered up B．taken up C．stayed up D．shown up
16．He used to ________ with his friends and watch movies in the cinema.
A．stay up B．wake up C．come up D．make up
17．Last week a fireman came to our school and told us what to do if a fire ________.
A．breaks out B．works out C．puts out D．runs out
18．He always ________ his friends about everything. In fact, he has no thoughts of his own.
A．talks with B．plays with
C．deals with D．agrees with
19．I’ve had some difficulties, but they were nothing compared _____ yours.
A．to B．of C．for D．from
20．It ________ the director of Hi, Mom has become one of China’s most successful female filmmakers.
A．runs out B．breaks out C．hands out D．turns out
21．What a pity! The weather ________ to be rainy. We had to cancel the sports meeting.
A．ran out B．broke out C．found out D．turned out
22．A new high-speed railway station ________ Taixing ________ Shanghai will be built soon.
A．connecting; to B．connected; to C．connects; with D．connected; and
23．My brother often _________ his spare time to help me with my spoken English.
A．puts up B．gives up C．opens up D．tidies up
24．Jane is such a confident girl that she believes she can ________ the hard task alone.
A．carry out B．turn out C．pick out D．give out
25．We should ________ the job bravely instead of complaining too much. It’s our duty!
A．take away B．take up C．take on D．take off
26．Every time a serious disease ________, city planners will come up with new ideas to fight it.
A．breaks down B．breaks out C．breaks into D．breaks up
27．—Hello, this is Taicang Middle School.
—I want to talk to Mr. Chen. Can you ________ me ________?
A．put…in B．put…out C．put…through D．put…up
28．All of us had a good time during this year’s May Day holiday because we ________ five days________ .
A．had...off B．took...off C．put...off D．turned...off
29．It’s rude and impolite to ________ before others while everyone is queuing to buy tickets.
A．take in B．cut in C．put in D．break in
30．—Why did Linda come to China?
—To experience Chinese culture and ________ the most suitable university to attend.
A．turn out B．put out C．run out D．find out
31．— Excuse me, does Mr. Smith’s son live here?
— He ________ be here. But now he ________ in the city.
A．used to; is used to live B．was used to; is used to living
C．used to; is used to living D．is used to; used to live
32．Based on local cultures and museums, schools should develop local courses ________ art, history, geography, and biology.
A．led to B．taken on C．chosen from D．connected with
33．The person who ________ a new idea of how to work out the puzzle will be given a（n） ________.
A．keeps up with; praise B．comes up with; prize C．ends up with; price D．puts up with; award
34．—The Civil Code (民法典) ________ to be a big success and it is a milestone in our country legal science.
—I can’t agree more.
A．turns out B．puts out C．takes out D．breaks out
35．________ the way you talk. You won’t want to make others feel uncomfortable.
A．Pay attention to B．Hold on to
C．Come up with D．End up with
36．—Excuse me, sir, but smoking is not allowed in hospital.
—Sorry, I didn’t see the sign. I’ll _______ my cigarette.
A．put in B．put up C．put out D．put on
37．—If the customer rings up for me again, please ________ the call to the sales department.
—OK, I will.
A．run through B．look through C．go through D．put through
38．—Amy, how many of your classmates have brothers or sisters?
—Believe it or not, it ________ to be one quarter.
A．takes out B．breaks out C．turns out D．finds out
39．Do you think it is necessary to ________ a special home for the elderly with life difficulties.
A．set out B．set up C．set down D．set off
40．My sister seldom spends time on TV or computer at weekends because reading ________ most of her free time.
A．takes on B．takes up C．takes away D．takes off
【参照答案】
一、选择题
1．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：——很抱歉占用你宝贵时间。——没事。
考察动词短语辨析。take off起飞；take up占用；take out取出；take in领会。根据“Sorry to ... your valuable time.”可推断，空格处体现“占用”时间。故选B。
2．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：——这本书是由T.C.史密斯写。——“T.C.”代表什么？
考察动词短语词义辨析。pay attention to注意；regard as把……当做……；stand for代表；set off送别；根据语境可知，此处是问询“‘T.C.’代表什么”。故选C。
3．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：会议原定于星期二举行，但我们不得不推迟。
考察动词短语辨析。turn on打开；turn out成果是；take place发生；take up占据。根据“but we’ve had to put it off”可知，原定开会时间发生在星期二，目前要推迟了，故选C。
4．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：——你好，西蒙！你看起来很兴奋。发生了什么事？——我们赢得了足球比赛，成果比预期还要好。
考察动词短语。turn out成果是；find out查明；work out算出；come out出现；根据“to be better than expected”可知，此处说是成果是……，用turn out to be表达，故选A。
5．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：令所有人惊讶是，《你好，李焕英》成果成为了最受欢迎节目。
考察动词短语。turns out成果；puts out扑灭；carries out执行；breaks out爆发。turn out to be成果是，固定短语，故选A。
6．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：——他真粗心，打翻了桌子上书。真是一团糟！——也许他由于每天熬夜太晚而感到不舒适吧。
考察动词短语辨析。knock over打翻；knock down撞倒；knock off停工，中断；knock on敲（门、窗等）。由句中“careless”和“the books on the table”可知，此句是说不小心打翻了书，故选A。
7．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：Andrew曾经试图在他卧室里放一盏更亮灯。但他最终还是失败了。
考察动词短语。put on穿上；put in放入；put out熄灭；put up举起；根据a brighter light in his bedroom可知，要在他卧室里放入一盏更亮等，故选B。
8．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：丹尼尔是我们班最谦虚男孩，由于他从不在公共场所炫耀。
考察动词短语辨析。gets off下车；takes off脱下；shows off炫耀；turns off关掉。根据“Daniel is the most modest boy in our class”可知，此处是从不在公共场所炫耀。故选C。
9．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：——林老师， 我怎样可以在听力测试中获得好成绩？——你可以在听之前迅速浏览问题。
考察动词短语词义辨析。look through浏览；go over复习，仔细检查；pay attention to注意；take notice of注意到，留心。根据语境可以推测出应是在听前浏览问题， look through符合句意。故选A。
10．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：——你们五一假期怎么样？——一般般吧。我们开车去了苏州并且想找个地方停车，不过停车场都满了。
考察动词短语。turn up调高，出现；stay up熬夜；take up从事，占据；put up张贴，搭建。根据“tried to find a place for parking”想找个地方停车和空格前“but”，可知没找到地方停车，停车场都被占了。故选C。
11．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：上周在这里进行了一项有关为何青少年如此喜欢哔哩哔哩调查。
考察动词短语辨析。taken out取出；carried out执行，实行；turned out成果是；worked out算出。根据“A survey about…”可知，是实行一项调查，故选B。
12．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：科学家在做出结论之前，需要完毕数个调查。
考察动词短语词义辨析。give up放弃；carry out 实现，完毕；hear of听说；look for寻找。根据“several surveys before making a conclusion ”可知，指科学家在做出结论之前，需要完毕数个调查。故选B。
13．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：——-去北京第一班火车什么时候开？——等等。让我查一下火车时刻表。
考察动词词组辨析。taking up 占用，开始从事；picking up 捡起；making up 编造；looking up 查阅。根据“train times 火车时刻表”可知，对方要查阅一下时刻表才能确定去北京第一班火车什么时候开，故选D。
14．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：当你接到一项困难任务时，试着坚持下去并完毕它。
考察动词短语。join in参与；stick with坚持；search for寻找；think of想起。根据“finish it”可知，此处表达要完毕它，应是要坚持下去，故选B。
15．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：——我们已经等汤姆半小时了。他怎么还没出现？——他也许迷路了。让我给他打电话。
考察动词短语。cheered up使振作起来；taken up开始从事；stayed up熬夜；shown up出现，露面；根据“We have waited for Tom for half an hour.”以及“He may have got lost. Let me call him.”可知，此处是说Tom还没露面，因此要给他打电话。故选D。
16．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：他过去常和朋友们一起熬夜，在电影院看电影。
考察动词短语。stay up熬夜；wake up醒来；come up发生；make up编造。根据“movies in the cinema”可知，此处指他和朋友们在电影院熬夜看电影。故选A。
17．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：上周，一名消防队员来到我们学校，告诉我们假如发生火灾该怎么办。
考察动词短语。breaks out爆发，突发；works out处理；puts out扑灭；runs out用完。根据“Last week a fireman came to our school”及常识可知消防员告诉我们着火了怎么办，用breaks out表达火灾突发。故选A。
18．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：他总是和朋友们在每件事上意见一致。实际上，他没有自已想法。
考察动词短语。talk with与……交谈；play with与……一起玩；deal with处理；agree with同意。根据In fact , he has no thoughts of his own.可知是同意朋友观点。故选D。
【点睛】
19．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：我遇到了某些困难，但与你相比主线算不上什么。
考察动词短语。由“they were nothing compared…yours.”可知，此处应为我遇到困难无法与你遇到困难相比，sth be compared to…把……与……相比，固定短语。这里用是非谓语动词compared to。故选A。
20．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：事实证明，《你好，李焕英》导演已经成为中国最成功女性电影人之一。
考察动词短语。runs out用完；breaks out爆发；hands out分发；turns out最终是，成果是。根据“ the director of Hi, Mom has become one of China’s most successful female filmmakers”可知，此处讲是一种成果，D选项符合句意。故选D。
21．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：真遗憾！天下雨了。我们不得不取消运动会。
考察动词短语。ran out耗尽；broke out爆发；found out找出；turned out最终是，成果是。根据“We had to cancel the sports meeting.”可知此处下雨是一种成果，用D选项最合语境。故选D。
22．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：一种连接泰兴和上海新高速火车站将很快建成。
考察动词短语辨析和非谓语动词。connect…to/with…“把……和……连接”；A new high-speed railway station与connect之间是逻辑上主谓关系，故用目前分词作定语。故选A。
23．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：我哥哥常常放弃空余时间来协助我英语口语。
考察动词短语。puts up张贴；gives up放弃；opens up开封；tidies up收拾。根据“his spare time to help me with my spoken English”可知此处用动词短语gives up表达“放弃空余时间”。故选B。
24．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：简是一种如此自信女孩，以至于她相信她能独自完毕这项艰巨任务。
考察动词短语。carry out执行，完毕；turn out证明是；pick out挑选出；give out分发；根据“Jane is such a confident girl...the hard task alone.”可知，此处说是可以完毕这项艰巨任务，故选A。
25．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：我们应当勇敢地承担这项工作，而不是埋怨太多。 这是我们责任！
考察动词短语。take away带走；take up开始从事；take on承担；take off脱下。根据“ the job bravely”可知此处指勇敢承担工作。故选C。
26．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：每当一种严重疾病爆发，都市规划者就会想出新措施来对付它。
考察动词短语辨析。breaks down发生故障；breaks out爆发；breaks into闯入；breaks up分裂。根据disease和下文“city planners will come up with new ideas to fight it”，可知是爆发疾病，故选B。
27．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：——你好，这里是太仓中学。——我想和陈先生谈谈。你能帮我接通吗？
考察动词短语。put…in把……放进……；put…out熄灭；put…through接通；put…up张贴。根据上文“I want to talk to Mr. Chen”，结合对方话“Hello, this is Taicang Middle School”，可知此处是祈求对方 “接通电话”；put sb. through接通某人电话，故选C。
28．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：今年五一假期我们都玩得很开心，由于我们休假五天。
考察动词短语辨析。had...off放假；took...off脱下；put...off推迟；turned...off关掉。根据“All of us had a good time during this year’s May Day holiday”可知，五一假期我们开心原因应与放假有关。故选A。
29．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：在大家排队买票时候插队是粗鲁和不礼貌。
考察动词短语。take in吸取，领会；cut in插入；put in安装；break in闯入。根据“while everyone is queuing to buy tickets”结合常识可知排队时插队是不礼貌。故选B。
30．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：——琳达为何来中国？——体验中国文化，找到最适合自已大学。
考察动词短语辨析。turn out成果是，证明是；put out扑灭；run out用光；find out找出，查明。根据“…the most suitable university to attend”可知，是找到最适合自已大学。故选D。
31．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：——打扰一下，史密斯先生儿子住在这儿吗？——他过去常住在这儿，不过目前他习惯住在都市里。
考察动词短语。used to do sth.过去常常做某事； be used to doing sth.习惯做某事；be used to do sth.被用来做某事；根据now可知，过去住在这儿，目前习惯住在都市里；故选C。
32．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：学校应当以当地文化和博物馆为基础，开发与美术、历史、地理和生物有关地方课程。
考察动词短语辨析。led to导致；taken on承担；chosen from从……之间选择；connected with与……联络。根据题干“Based on local cultures and museums, schools should develop local courses…art, history, geography, and biology”可知前面三项不合语境，这里是说学校应当开发与美术、历史、地理和生物有关地方课程，故选D。
33．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：想出处理这个难题新措施人将得到奖励。
考察短语和名词辨析，keeps up with赶得上，和……保持联络；comes up with提出，想出；ends up with结束，以……而结束；puts up with忍受，容忍；praise赞美；award奖，奖学金；prize奖品；price价格。根据“how to work out the puzzle ”可知应当是想出一种新主意，根据“who … a new idea of how to work out the puzzle”可知应当是想出新主意人会得到奖励，故选B。
34．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：——《民法典》是我国法学史上一种里程碑，获得了巨大成功。——我完全同意。
考察动词短语。turns out最终是，成果是；puts out熄灭；takes out取出；breaks out爆发。根据“to be a big success”可知，此处使用turn out，表达“获得巨大成功”。故选A。
35．A
解析：A
【详解】
句意：注意你说话方式。你不会想让他人感到不舒适。
考察动词短语。pay attention to注意；hold on to坚持；come up with想出，提出；end up with以……结束。根据“You won’t want to make others feel uncomfortable.”，可知应是注意说话方式，才能不让他人感觉不舒适。故选A。
36．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：——对不起，先生，医院里不容许吸烟。——对不起，我没看到标志。我要把烟灭了。
考察动词短语。put in安装；put up张贴；put out熄灭；put on穿上。根据“Excuse me, sir, but smoking is not allowed in hospital.”可知是要熄灭正在燃烧烟。故选C。
37．D
解析：D
【详解】
句意：——假如顾客再打电话找我。 请把电话转到销售部。——好，我会。
考察动词短语辨析。run through浏览，贯穿；look through浏览，温习；go through经历，通过；put through接通。根据句中“…rings up”和空后“…the call to…”可知，这里指接通电话，故选D。
38．C
解析：C
【详解】
句意：——Amy，你同学中有多少人有兄弟姐妹？——信不信由你，成果是四分之一。
考察动词短语辨析。takes out取出；breaks out爆发；turns out成果是；finds out发现。根据“how many of your classmates have brothers or sisters”可知，告诉对方，成果只有四分之一同学有兄弟姐妹，故选C。
39．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：你认为有必要为生活有困难老人建立一种特殊养老院吗?
考察动词短语。set out出发、开始；set up建立；set down放下；set off出发、动身。根据“a special home for the elderly with life difficulties”，可知是为生活有困难老人建立一种特殊养老院，set up符合题意，其他选项均不符合语境，故选B。
40．B
解析：B
【详解】
句意：我姐姐周末很少花时间看电视或玩电脑，由于读书占用了她大部分空闲时间。
考察动词短语辨析。takes on承担，接受；takes up占用；takes away带走；takes off 脱下。根据上文“My sister seldom goes out”及空后“most of her free time”可知，此处是体现读书 “占用”了她大部分空闲时间。故选B。