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动词被动语态-知识点归纳与练习(word)1
一、动词被动语态
1.—Oh, your room is too dirty, Mike!
—Sorry, Mum. It yesterday. I forgot to do it.
A. didn't clean B. isn't cleaned C. was cleaned D. wasn't cleaned
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:——哦,你房间是太脏了,Mike!——对不起,妈妈。昨天房间没有打扫,我忘记了。it代指room,是动作clean承受者,因此用被动语态,时态是一般过去时,因此用一般过去时被动语态,构造是was/were+动词过去分词,主语是it,因此用was,clean过去分词是cleaned,根据 I forgot to do it.可知没有打扫房间,因此用wasn't,故选D。
【点评】考察一般过去时被动语态,注意平时识记,理解句意。
2.Dr Bethune ________ still________ in both China and Canada today.
A. is; remembered B. is; remembering C. will; remember D. has; remembered
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:如今白求恩医生仍然被中国和加拿大人民记着。 Dr Bethune是remember承受者,故使用被动语态,又因句中有时间状语 today(今天),故使用一般目前时被动语态,故选A。
【点评】考察一般目前时被动语态。根据时间状语,动词和主语关系确定对选项。
3.Let's wait and see whether books by the Internet in the future.
A. replace B. replaced C. will be replaced D. were replaced
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:让我们等着看与否未来书会被网络替代。whether引导宾语从句根据时间确定期态,结合in the future可知体现是未来事情,主语 books是动词replace承受者,故用一般未来时被动语态will+be+过去分词,故选C
【点评】考察一般未来时被动语态。
4.The city is a greener city now because many trees ______ every year.
A. were planted B. are planted C. will be planted D. was planted
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:由于每年栽许多树,都市愈加绿了。A. were planted一般过去时态被动语态;B. are planted一般目前时态被动语态;C. will be planted一般未来时态被动语态;D. was planted一般过去时态被动语态。由every year可知句子描述是每年都发生动作,表达常常性、习惯性动作,用一般目前时态。句子主语trees是复数,谓语用复数。故选B.
【点评】本题考察动词语态,一般目前时被动语态就用be+及物动词过去分词。
5.A cook will lose his job if he to smoke in the kitchen.
A. finds B. found C. is found
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:假如发现厨师在厨房里抽烟,他会失去他工作。从语境来看,是“发现他”,故用被动语态。选C。及物动词逻辑上主语作主语时,用积极语态;及物动词逻辑上宾语做主语时,用被动语态。
6.You another day to make your own decision.
A. gave
B. are giving
C. will be given
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:再给你一天作自已决定。再给你一天,还没有给,表未来,用一般未来时态;主语you是谓语动词give承受者,用被动语态。故选C。
7. The 31st Olympic Games _______ in Rio de Janeiro of Brazil in .
A. is held
B. will hold
C. will be held
D. is going to hold
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:第31届奥运会将于在巴西里约热内卢举行。举行奥运会,The 31st Olympic Games在句中作主语,用被动语态。将要发生动作,用一般未来时态。故选C。
8.Teenagers should ________ to take care of themselves from a young age.
A. educate B. be educating C. have educated D. be educated
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:我们应当从小时候就开始教育年轻人照顾自已。结合语境可知本句主语是动作对象,故用被动语态。选D。
9.—Who's the little girl in the photo, Laura?
—It's me. This photo _______ when I was five.
A. is taken B. takes C. was taken D. took
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:——劳拉,照片上小女孩是谁?——是我。这是我五岁时候照片。根据was懂得用过去时,排除A和B,主语是照片,属于动作承受者,用被动语态was/were+过去分词,故选C。
【点评】考察一般过去时态中被动语态,注意其使用方法和构成。
10.— Waiter, I'd like a hot wing hamburger and corn salad.
— Sorry, sir. They ________ only for lunch and dinner. Why not consider ________ something else?
A. serve; to order B. served; ordering C. are served; ordering D. served; to order
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:—服务员,我想要一种香辣鸡翅汉堡和玉米沙拉。—对不起,先生。他们只在午餐和晚餐提供。为何不考虑点别呢?they指代是前面提到香辣鸡翅汉堡和玉米沙拉,与动词serve之间是被动关系,应当用被动语态形式;consider doing sth.考虑做某事。故答案为C。
11.Smart phones ______ in the classroom.
A. aren't allowed B. aren't allowing C. allow D. is allowed
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:在教室里不容许智能机。A. aren't allowed被动语态形式;B. aren't allowing目前进行时态形式;C. allow一般目前时态形式;D. is allowed被动语态形式。句子主语smart phones是谓语动词allow承受者,句子用被动语态,主语phones是复数形式,be用are。故选A。
【点评】本题考察被动语态。一般目前时被动语态就用be+及物动词过去分词。
12.These cakes_________ with chocolate. Have one, please.
A. fill B. filled C. are filled D. were filled
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:这些蛋糕里装满了巧克力。请吃一种。根据cakes与fill之间是被动关系,要有被动语态;由下句 Have one, please.可知上句要用一般目前时,要用一般目前时被动语态,am/is/are+过去分词。主语cakes,复数,要用are,fill过去分词filled,故选C。
【点评】考察一般目前时被动语态。根据主语与谓语动词之间关系确定语态,同步根据语境确定期态。
13.It is said that one Greater Bay Area university ____ in Guangdong in the future.
A. will be built B. build C. will build D. is built
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:听说未来广东将建立一所大湾区大学。build,动词,建造;university与build之间存在动宾关系,谓语动词要用被动语态;根据in the future,可知此句要用一般未来时,will be built,故选A。
【点评】考察一般未来时被动语态。
14.Look at the picture. The top five TV plays ________ in it.
A. list B. are listed C. will list D. will be listed
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:看这张图片,最佳五个电视剧在上面列出了。The top five TV plays应当是被列出来,用被动语态被+过去分词;由“Look at the picture”得知是一般目前时,因此为一般目前时被动语态,故答案选B。
【点评】考察动词时态和语态。注意主语与谓语动词之间关系。
15.—Who's the little boy in the photo?
—It's me. The photo when I was six years old.
A. takes B. took C. was taken
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:——这张照片里小男孩是谁?——是我,这张照片在我六岁时候拍。A.一般目前时;B.一般过去时;C.一般过去时被动语态。主语The photo和谓语take是被动关系,时态是一般过去时,因此用一般过去时被动语态,其构成为was/were+动词过去分词,故答案选C。
【点评】考察一般过去时被动语态,注意平时识记其构造。
16.Teenagers have to be 18 years old before they to drive a car.( )
A. are allowed B. allowed C. will be allowed D. allow
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】青少年在容许开车之前必须满十八岁.体现是客观事实用一般目前时,主语they是allow承受者,allow sb to do sth,故用被动语态sb be allowed to do sth,故答案是A.
17.After Nanjing Youth Olympic Games Park ________, it will become a new tourist attraction.
A. completed B. has completed C. is completed D. was completed
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:在南京青少年运动会公园竣工之后,它会成为一种新旅游景点。当主句描述未来动作时,英语条件状语从句中用一般目前时态表达未来动作,从句主语是动作对象,故用被动语态。结合语境可知选C。
【点评】英语中时态重要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型,首先要注意句子中时间状语,假如没有则要通过度析上下文,结合语境来判断句子时态。语态判断重要是确定句子主语与谓语动词关系。假如是积极关系则用积极语态,反之假如是动宾关系,则用被动语态,尤其要注意某些特殊动词使用方法。
18.—I saw several boxes of books at the gate of our school just now.
—They to children in poor areas.
A. were sent B. are sent C. will be sent D. were being sent
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:——刚刚在我们学校门口我看到了几箱书。——他们被送往贫困地区孩子。指这几箱书去向,因此用一般未来时,they和send之间是被动关系,因此用一般未来时被动语态,填入will be sent,故选C。
【点评】考察未来时被动语态,注意其构造为 will be done。
19.Basketball ____ by a Canadian doctor named James Naismith.
A. is invented B. was invented C. invented D. invents
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:篮球是一位叫James Naismith加拿大医生发明。主语是动作执行者,用积极语态,主语是动作承受者,用被动语态。本句中,主语basketball是谓语动词invent承受者,用被动语态;发明篮球是过去发生动作,用一般过去时态,故选B。
20. When you ______ a difficult task, try to continue with it and finish it.
A. give B. are giving C. gave D. are given
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】本题考察被动语态。句意:“当你被给一项艰巨任务时,试图继续做并完毕它。”give sb. sth.改成被动语态是sb be given sth.;根据语境,故选D。
21.It's reported that Ke Jie ______ by AlphaGo in May, .
A. beat B. beats C. was beaten D. will be beaten
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】考察被动语态。根据in May, 已通过去懂得用一般过去时,故选C。
22.A: The school has a long history.
B: Yes, it more than l00 years ago.
A. built B. is built C. was built
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:一这所学校历史悠久。一是,它是一百数年前建。表达一百多前年发生过去动作,用一般过去时态,B错;主语it(指the school)是谓语动词build承受者,用被动语态。A错。故选C。
23.— I wonder if we ________ four days off by the end of this month.
— I hope so. But if our task ________ finished, we'll have to work overtime.
A. will have;won't B. have;won't C. will have;isn't D. have;doesn't
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:—我想懂得我们在这个月底与否将会有四天假期。—我但愿如此,不过假如我们任务没有完毕,我们就将会加班。will have将会有;have有,一般目前时;won't是will not缩写形式,表达未来;isn't是is not缩写,是一般目前时;doesn't是does not缩写,是一般目前时第三人称单数形式。第一种空前if意思是与否,引导宾语从句,从句中表达未来事情,故用一般未来时态;第二个空前if是假如,引导条件状语从句,从句中用一般目前时态替代一般未来时态,主句用一般未来时态,从句中主语our task和动词finish构成被动语态,故应用be+过去分词形式,选C。
【点评】本题是对时态,语态综合考察。难点在于两个if ,第一种是引导宾语从句,表达未来动作用未来时态。但第二个是引导状语从句,用一般目前替代一般未来。注意对这些知识点纯熟掌握。
24.I will go out to play with you as soon as my homework .
A. finishes B. is finished C. will be finished D. was finished
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:我作业一做完我就出去和你玩。时间状语从句中,若主句是一般未来时,从句用一般目前时替代一般未来时;本题中从句主语是my homework,是动作承受者,故用被动语态。故选B。
【点评】考察动词时态和语态,本题波及时间状语从句中,若主句是一般未来时,从句用一般目前时替代一般未来时。
25.Many students ________ chances to show themselves in class because the class size is too big.
A. don't give B. aren't given C. haven't given D. won't give
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:在班上诸多学生没有机会展示他们自已,由于班级规模太大。当主语是动作承受者时,用被动语态。结合句意,故选B
26.— Your classroom is very clean.
— Yes, it ________ every day.
A. cleans B. is cleaned C. is cleaning D. was cleaned
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:——你教室非常洁净。——是,它每天都被打扫。根据时间状语every day,以及主语it 和动词clean 动宾关系可知,本句应用一般目前时被动语态be+过去分词;根据主语it,可知be动词应用三单形式is,动词clean过去分词为cleaned,故选B。
【点评】考察一般目前时被动语态。注意掌握一般目前时被动语态构造:be+过去分词。
27.He ordered a watch online for his mother and it ________ to her last Sunday.
A. give B. gave C. was given D. will be given
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:他在网上为他母亲订购了一块手表,上个星期天就送给了她。give和主语it 直接是被动关系,last Sunday 是一般过去时标志,故用一般过去时被动语态,was given,故选C。
【点评】考察时态和语态,注意一般过去时被动语态使用方法。
28.—Mrs Brown, how long can books from the school library ?
—At most two weeks.
A. borrow B. keep C. be borrowed D. be kept
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:——Brown先生,书可以从图书馆借多久?——大概两周。borrow借,短暂性动词;keep借,持续性动词;be borrowed被借,被动语态,短暂性动词;be kept,被借,持续性动词。根据疑问词how long,可知应用持续性动词;再根据book和keep之间动宾关系,可知应用被动语态be kept,故选D。
【点评】考察动词辨析。注意短暂性动词不能和表延续性时间疑问词how long一起用。
29.A new international airport in the city next year.
A. completes B. is completed C. will complete D. will be completed
【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意:在都市,一种新国际机场将在明年竣工。根据时间next year可知应为一般未来时态,will+动词原形,主语是A new international airport“一座新国际机场”,谓语动词为complete译为 “完毕”。”机场”是被完毕,应使用被动语态,一般未来时被动语态构造是will be done,故选D。
【点评】本题考察一般未来时被动语态,注意被动语态使用方法。
30.Have you heard that the Winter Olympics ______________ in Beijing?
A. held B. are held C. were held D. will be held
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:你听说冬季奥运会要在北京举行吗?根据可知句子时态是一般未来时,句子主语和谓语之间是被动关系,可知此处是一般未来时被动语态,will be done,故选D。
【点评】此题考察一般未来时被动语态。注意一般未来时被动语态构造。
31.Children should to be honest from a young age.
A. educate B. be educated C. punish D. be punished
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】考察被动语态。句意:应当从小教育孩子们做诚实人。Children是educate承受者,该用被动语态。因此选B。
32.Because it every day, the window is very clean.
A. cleaned B. will clean C. was cleaned D. is cleaned
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:由于窗户每夭打扫,因此非常洁净。A.一般过去时态;B.一般未来时态;C.一般过去时被动语态;D.一般目前时被动语态。每夭打扫窗户,表达常常性习惯性动作,用一般目前时态;主语it(指the window)是谓语动词clean承受者,用被动语态,故选D。
33.Paper first about two thousand years ago in China by Cai Lun.
A. is; inventing B. is; invented C. has; invented D. was; invented
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:造纸术是在两千年前被中国蔡伦发明。纸和发明是被动关系,应使用被动语态,根据 two thousand years ago , 可知应使用一般过去时,故答案是D。
【点评】考察一般过去时被动语态。注意根据主语与动词之间关系确定语态,根据时间状语确定期态。
34.The books which ________ in that bookshop ________ well.
A. sold; sold B. are sold; are sold C. sell; sell D. are sold; sell
【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意:在那个书店里被卖书卖得很好。定语从句主语 which 和sell之间是被动关系,因此用被动语态:be+过去分词,排除A/C;当sell表达某种东西自然属性和特点时,一般用积极形式表被动意义,sell well,表达书卖得好,用积极语态表被动;故答案为D.
【点评】考察被动语态。理解句意,掌握被动语态使用方法和构造。理解并掌握常用积极表被动构造。
35.— If you_______ another chance tomorrow, can you do it better, Lucy?
— That's for sure. Trust me!
A. give B. will give C. are given D. will be given
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:——假如明天再给你另一种机会,你能做得更好吗,露西? ——这是肯定。相信我!根据语境可知是被给机会,因此该用被动语态,在条件状语从句用一般目前时替代一般未来时。故选C。
【点评】考察一般目前时态中被动语态,注意条件状语从句合用主将从现。
36.—An AI robot _____in our school dining hall next term.
—I'm looking forward to it.
A. will use B. will be used C. is used D. was used
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:——下学期,一种智能机器人将会被用在学校餐厅。——我很期待。根据时间状语 next term,下学期,可知本句为一般未来时;再根据主语 An AI robot 一种智能机器人和动词use之间动宾关系,可知本句应用一般未来时被动语态will be+过去分词,use过去分词为used。故选B。
【点评】考察一般未来时被动语态,注意掌握构造will be+过去分词。
37.The museum _____ next month to celebrate the Science & Technology Festival.
A. is decorated B. will decorate C. is decorating D. will be decorated
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:博物馆下个月将会被装饰来庆祝“科学&技术节”。根据时间状语next month,以及主语 museum 和动词decorate“装饰”之间动宾关系,可知此处应用一般未来时被动语态,will be+过去分词,decorate过去分词为decorated。故选D。
【点评】考察一般未来时被动语态。注意掌握构造will be+过去分词。
38.The girl is often heard ________ in the music room. Her voice sounds beautiful.
A. practice singing B. to practice singing C. practiced singing D. to practice sing
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:常常听到这个女孩在音乐室练习唱歌。她声音听起来真美。hear sb. do sth,听到某人做某事,不过在被动语态中,宾语补足语中to不能省略,练习做某事,practice doing sth,因此选择to practice singing,故答案是B。
【点评】考察动词不定式,注意积极语态中作宾补省去to动词不定式,在被动语态中一定要还回来。
39.He was _______ in the traffic accident.
A. injure B. injuring C. injured D. injurns
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:他在交通事故中受伤。动词,injure,伤害,与主语he 是被动关系,需要使用被动语态be done,根据助动词was,故此处是过去分词,故选C。
【点评】考察被动语态,注意injure和主语是被动关系使用方法。
40.Has everything can be done ?
A. what; done B. that; been done C. that; already done D. what; already being done
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:要做事情已经做完了吗?第一空根据先行词everything,可知背面引导词用that;第二空根据问询与否过去已经完毕,及everything和do动宾关系,可知时态应用目前完毕时被动语态has been+过去分词。故选B。
【点评】考察定语从句和目前完毕时被动语态。注意掌握目前完毕时被动语态构造:has been+过去分词。
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