微针技术.ppt

,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,.,*,Click to edit Master title style,微针技术,.,Contents,基础知识,1,文献解读,2,研究现状,3,相关链接,4,.,微针技术在经皮给药的应用（2012）,.,经皮给药系统-微针技术,经皮给药系统,(transdermal drug delivery systems,，简称,TDD,S,),是指经皮肤敷贴方式用药，药物经由皮肤吸收进入全身血液循环并达到有效血药浓度、实现疾病治疗或预防的一类制剂。,.,经皮吸收过程,2,3,1,皮肤附属器通道,穿透角质层细胞到达活性表皮,通过角质层细胞间隙到达活性表皮,.,为什么发展微针技术,皮肤（特别是角质层）严重阻碍药物的透皮吸收，即使在各种促渗剂的作用下，也仅能使部分小分子药物穿过皮肤达到有效的药物浓度，大多数药物，尤其是蛋白类大分子药物，即便是一些剂量低、疗效高的药物，透皮渗透速度也难以满足治疗的需要。,.,现代促渗技术,经皮给药,离子导入,电穿孔,微针,超声导入,.,微针介绍,利用微针阵列改进皮肤的通透性，通过创造微米尺寸的通道（比分子尺寸大一个数量级），使大分子可以透过皮肤。,优点,：,避免了口服给药可能发生的肝脏首过效应及肠胃灭活，提高了治疗效果。,避免因静脉注射而引起的痛楚和感染。,通过改变给药面积调节给药剂量，减少个体差异。,且患者可以自主用药，也可以随时停止用药,.,微针促渗的原理,.,Abstract,.,Representation of the skin microanatomy,.,Microneedles made of different materials,.,Schematic representation of the manufacturing of in-plane(right)and out-ofplain(below)microneedles from silicon wafers(upper left),.,Microneedle geometry,渗透能力按三角形、梯形、,矛形依次增强。,分析：药物透皮吸收跟微针,横截面积的大小有关。,不同针形微针（平型和尖型）,给药达峰时间没有显著差异，,但尖型微针最大峰浓度最高。,.,Different approaches of drug delivery by hollow and solid microneedles,.,Drug delivery methods via the skin by microneedles,.,Coated microneedles made of metal and polymer,.,Dissolving microneedles made of water-soluble polymers and biodegradable polymers,.,Hollow microneedles made of silicon and polymers,.,advantages and disadvantages of each of these approaches,.,Examples of microneedle-based(trans)dermal delivery of model drugs into the,skin,.,.,Applications of microneedles,Delivery to the skin,Biotherapeutics,Vaccines,Blood and interstitialfluid extraction,Combination of microneedles and other methods,.,Approved microneedle products,The,first product,was the,Dermaroller,which is a cylindrical roller covered on its surface with solid,metal microneedles that measure 0.22.5 mm in,length.(,was developed as a patch coveredwith dissolving microneedles containing hyaluronic acid that is,released in the skin to treat wrinkles,.(,www.cosmed-pharm.co.jp,/),Soluvia,is a single hollow microneedle that is 1.5 mm long and is,attached to a syringe,.(,recently received FDA clearance,.(,www.,