高中英语语法填空解题技巧优秀完整.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,高中英语语法填空解题技巧,Grammatical Filling,高考英语语法填空解题技巧与方法,语法填空,1,.,选材:,200,词左右，话题贴近生活。,2.,命题形式,：,纯空格形式（,3-4,个），有提示词的（,6-7,个）,。,3.,考查内容,：考生在篇章中综合运用语法知识的能力。,4.,考点设置,：词法、句法和逻辑关系方面的知识。,5.,分值分配,：共10小题，满分15分。,6.,建议用时,：8-10mins,考 纲 解 读,10,空,6-7,空,（有提示词）,3-4,空,（无提示词）,动词,名词,：,单复数,形容词,/,副词,：,比较级、最高级,词性转换,连词：,and,but,or,，,when,引导词,（名词性从句，定语从句）,：,who,that,what,代词：,it,they,him,our,themselves,介词：,in,on,to,for,冠词：,a/an,the,连接性副词：,however,therefore,情态动词，强调助动词（,do,）等,时态，语态,主谓一致,非谓语动词：,V-ing,，,V-ed,，,to do,Test points(,考点,),：,（,不多于三个单词）,（,只能填一个单词）,泛指还是特指,句意及固定短语搭配,逻辑关系,一读,二填,三检查,三个解题步骤,（一）有提示词的语法填空的解题技巧,词类转换题要先确定所要填的词在句中的成分,。,例1 The youngster immediately,fell,_(silence)as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.,例2 In a _(danger)part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand,they learnt to,例3 Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _(interest)in the subject.,silent,技巧,1,：作表语（,系动词后）,、定语（,n,前,）,或补语，通常用,形容词,。,dangerous,interested,例4 When Chinas ancient scientific and technological _(achieve)are mentioned,the nation will generally refer to the Four Great Inventions.,例5 instructors expect students to be familiar with _(inform)in the reading,achievements,information,技巧,2,：作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，,用,名词,形式。,例6 With the large numbers of students,the _(operate)of the system does involve a certain amount of activity.,例,7,Here are some of my,_,_,(suggest)for you.,operation,技巧,3,：在形容词性物主代词后，,或者在“冠词,(+,形容词,)”,后，用,名词,形式。,suggestions,例8 There must be something,(serious)wrong with our society.,例,9,Singles,are flocking(涌向)to the Internet,33,(main)because their busy lifestyles leave them little time,例,（）,mainly,seriously,技巧,4,：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，,作状语，用,副词,形式。,例10 People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is:no knowledge is _(use).,例11 Your mistake caused a lot of _(necessary)work in the office.,useless,unnecessary,技巧,5,：词义转换题。词类不一定要变，可能是考查,具有与词根意义,相反,的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后,逻辑关系，在词根前加,un-,im-,，,il-,ir-,，,in-,non-,dis-,等否,定前缀，或在词根后加,-less,等后缀。,技巧6：括号中所给词为动词时，,要分析句子成分，判断空格处是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。,（一）,如果,句中没有谓语，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的词与已存在谓语主语一致，且中间有并列或转折连词时，需填的词则是谓语动词,就要,考虑时态和语态,，时态考虑要瞻前顾后，同时还要兼顾主谓一致，虚拟语气。,例2.That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation,_(close)my book and walked away.,谓语,谓语,谓语,closed,例8.,The young student did all that he could _(pass)the examinations.,to pass,巩固练习,I was delighted and was about to accept her proposal when she suggested we first 38_ (go)to the West Lake and walk along the Broken Bridge.,Peter _(leave)for London on business upon my arrival,so I didnt see him.,I have to go to work by taxi because my car _(repair)at the garage.,I went down there,_(pay)my penny and got a receipt.,paid,is being repaired,had left,go,语法填空解题技巧（“由大到小”）,I was delighted and was about to accept her proposal when she suggested we first 38_ (go)to the West Lake and walk along the Broken Bridge.,例8 There must be something (serious)wrong with our society.,would have happened,Grammatical Filling,例4 When Chinas ancient scientific and technological _(achieve)are mentioned,the nation will generally refer to the Four Great Inventions.,比较级、最高级及反义词,This was very strange _ the earth was the centre of the solar system and all planets went round it.,注意：括号中所给词为动词时，也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词，有可能考词类转换；,is being repaired,Teachers sometimes spend much time talking about students to their parents _ little time actually talking to students themselves.,词类转换题要先确定所要填的词在句中的成分。,(1)The city has already had homes,stores,and offices _(build)on the Mediterranean Sea.,(2)A very strong wind blew into my room.My,valuable notes,lying on my desk in the room,_(fly)high into the air.,非谓语,built,非谓语,谓语,flew,谓语,（二）,：,若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，那么就是非谓语动词。此时需确定用,to do,（,将来，目的,），,doing,(,主动，进行,),，还是,done,（,被动，完成,）。非谓语动词的形式一定要考虑,它与其逻辑主语之间,的关系。,注意,：括号中所给词为动词时，,也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词，有可能考,词类转换,；若是形容词或副词，有可能考查其,比较级或最高级,。,例12there was a lot of information about the citys well-known tourist_(attract),例13The other frog went on jumping as hard as he couldHe jumped even _,(hard)and finally made himself out.,attraction,harder,例4.,The man removed the bags,without _(hesitate).,hesitation,例5.Nobody knows what,_(happen)if she had refused to pay.,would have happened,例,6.His fear of failure kept him from classroom games that other children _(play)with joyous abandon.,played,例,7.The,happiest,(happy)of people dont,necessarily,(necessary)have the best of everything;they just make the most of everything that _(come),along their way.,comes,例,8.The country life he was used to _,（,change,）,greatly since the opening policy.,has changed,词类转化题巩固练习,1.“Thirty-five cents,”she said 36_(rude).,2.One of the 33_(bad)gift choices I had ever made was for my high school English teacher,3.39_ (fortunate),I then noticed that I had just only 10 minutes left.!,4.It was his 32_(nine)year of school and his academic career seemed to be in ruins,so I was angry.,5.As far as I am concerned,my 37_(suggest)is that we should always have a notebook.,6.It would be _ (believe)that such an honest man should have betrayed his friends.,ninth,rudely,worst,suggestion,Unfortunately,unbelievable,His teacher took a deep drink，smiled _,(warm)，and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.,warmly,But Jane knew from past experience that her _(choose)of ties hardly ever pleased her father.,choice,This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _,(nature)course.,natural,1.,若两句（一个主谓关系算一个句子）之间,设空,一定是填,连接词,Its also a good idea to take notes of emotions related to _ you eat.,This was very strange _ the earth was the centre of the solar system and all planets went round it.,what,if,（二）无提示词的语法填空的解题技巧,Finally,there was a sudden pull at the pole and _ fish was caught.,a,Each winner receives a gold medal,a diploma,_ a sum of money.,and,2.,若两个或几个单词或短语之,间是空格,可能是填,连词,Write down everything you eat _ drink in a given day.,and,Teachers sometimes spend much time talking about students to their parents _ little time actually talking to students themselves.,John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct _ he needed evidence.,but,but,would have happened,2.,doing/done/to do,词类不一定要变，可能是考查,8.,修饰动词、形容词、副词、句子,例6 With the large numbers of students,the _(operate)of the system does involve a certain amount of activity.,This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _ (nature)course.,I have to go to work by taxi because my car _(repair)at the garage.,we try our best,we will achieve our goals sooner or later.,They forget that everyone is different and that each person must develop in his or her own way.,一、通读全文，了解大意，为下一步填空做好准备。,分值分配：共10小题，满分15分。,时态，语态主谓一致,His fear of failure kept him from classroom games that other children _(play)with joyous abandon.,8.,例3 Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _(interest)in the subject.,Test points(考点)：,This strategy suggests that teachers have conversations with students to learn about _.,3.,缺主语或宾语，一定是填,代词或名词,（多考代词）,Suddenly the wall moved-_ was made of trees!,it,them,4.,若,在名词前设空，一般填冠词或形容词性物主代词,Its also a good idea to take notes of emotions related to _ you eat.,This was very strange _ the earth was the centre of the solar system and all planets went round it.,what,if,纯空格试题,Teachers should take advantage of the many methods _ can help them learn about their students.,Then he returned to Russia to work with his father and mother,_ worked on explosive weapons.,Many people said he was a bad person _,_,he invented destructive weapons.,w,hich/that,who,because,例3.Nobody knows what,_(happen)if she had refused to pay.,would have happened,例4.His fear of failure kept him from classroom games that other children _(play)with joyous abandon.,played,语法填空解题技巧,（,“由大到小”,）,1、,通读全文、了解大意、把握特征、弄清文脉。,2、,巧用已知，,连线画图,、降低难度、铺平道路。,3、,理解句意、分析结构、大胆猜测、各个击破,。,4、,重读全篇、仔细核查、语法正确、语意贯通。,5、拼写正确、书写规范、大小写准确（注意三写）。,1.Shopping at this time of the year was not _ pleasant experience.,2.,we try our best,we will achieve our goals sooner or later.,3.He was always kind,to,others and willing to help them,it,moved them deeply.,He was always kind,to,others and willing to help them,moved them deeply.,a,If,and,which,-,1.,给出动词,归纳总结,谓语动词,:,非谓语动词：,有提示词,2.,词性转换,名词：,形容词：,副词：,形容词、副词：,时态,/,语态,/,主谓一致,doing/done/to do,单复数,修饰名词,修饰动词、形容词、副词、句子,比较级、最高级及反义词,Many students may feel _1_(stress)because of their parents.Most parents have good intentions,_2_some of them arent very helpful with the problem their sons and daughters have in _3_(adjust)to college,and a few of them seem to go out of their way to add to their childrens _4_(difficult).For one thing,parents are often not aware of the kinds of problems their children face.They dont realize that the _5_(compete)is stronger,that the required standards of work are _6_(high),and that their children may not be prepared for _7_change.They may be upset by their childrens poor grades.At their kindest,they may _8_(gentle)ask why John or Mary isnt doing better,whether he or she is trying as hard as he or she should,and so on.At their worst,they may threaten _9_(take)their children out of college or cut off living expenses.Sometimes parents think it right and natural that they determine _10_their children do with their lives.They forget that everyone is different and that each person must develop in his or her own way.,1.,2.,3.,4.,5.,6.,7.,8.,9.,10.,homework,归纳总结,:,从句子结构考虑，如果空格前后都有句子,则要,根据上下文的逻辑关系,，选择适当的,副词,或,连词,。,连词,并列连词,从属连词,常用副词,And,but,so,or,neither,while,等,However,therefore,then moreover,yet,等,定从、状从、宾从、表从等从句引导词,-,给出动词,谓语动词,非谓语动词,时态,语态,主位一致,Doing,(,主动,/,进行,),Done,(,被动,/,完成,),to do,(,目的,/,将来,),有提示词,学习建议,：,不断记忆，积累词汇,夯实基础，学好语法,大声朗读，培养语感,坚持不懈，多做练习,Practice Makes Perfect!,根据语义,确定词,形,分析句子,确定词,性,解题四步走,提示：四步走归根到底其实就是,寻找依据,每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在,所在的句子中或者上下文中,找到它的依据,通读全文,理解大意,总结提升,检查搭配,前后连贯,语法填空解题技巧,（,“由大到小”,）,1,、,通读全文、了解大意、把握特征、弄清文脉。,2,、,巧用已知，,连线画图,、降低难度、铺平道路。,3,、,理解句意、分析结构、大胆猜测、各个击破,。,4,、,重读全篇、仔细核查、语法正确、语意贯通。,5,、拼写正确、书写规范、大小写准确（注意三写）。,三个解题步骤：,一、,通读全文,，了解大意，为下一步填空做好准备。,二、,试填空,格，,先易后难,，这是解题的关键。要结合短文所提供的特定的语境（也就是上下文），从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺单词的词性，再根据句子的意义，以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填的单词和所给词的正确形式。,三、,重读全文,，解决难题，,检查答案,。所有空格填好后，要把整篇文章从头至尾复读一遍，检查单词拼写，大小写，词的单复数等是否正确。,感谢观看,