主谓一致课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,主 谓 一 致,Revision,1,概念,:,主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。,2,找出下列句子的错误,1.The police is comimg soon.,2.The sad news make me cry.,3.My shoes is new.,4.The rich is going to be looked after well.,5.This pair of glasses are mine.,6.The first class begin at eight every morning.,先测一测,.,makes,are,are,are,is,begins,Lets try.,3,1.Our class are going to hike next week,Our class are big and clean.,2.A speaker and writer does exercise every day.,A speaker and a writer does exercise every day.,Do you know the differences?,3.A number of Chinese are learning English.,The number of the students are forty.,哪一句表达正确？,4,主谓一致三原则,1.,语法一致原则：,指主语和谓语在单复数形式上的一致关系。主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,;,反之,谓语动词用复数形式,.,Tom,is,a good student.,They often,play,football on the playground.,5,2、,意义一致原则：,指谓语动词的单,复数要取决于主语所表达的概念,而不取决于表面上的语法标记,.,指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。,My family,are,having lunch now.,Twenty dollars,is,too expensive for the book.,My family,is,a big family.,There,are,twenty dollars on the desk.,6,（,1,）主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。,My family,(be)watching TV at 7 oclock yesterday evening.,单数形式代表复数内容的词有,people,、,police,、等,。,（,2,）主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。,The news,(be)very exciting.,复数形式代表单数内容的词有,news,、,works,（工厂）、,means,和以,ics,结尾的学科名称,physics,、,politics,、,economics,等。,is,are,7,就近一致原则：,指当主语由两个或两个以上名词或代词组成时,谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数一致,.,Not only,the teacher,but also,his students like playing football.,There,is,a pen and some books on the desk.,提 示：,一般说来,究竟何时采用何种原则,应视英语习惯用法而定,.,但在实际使用中,如果对上述三种原则捉摸不定时,遵循语法一致的原则是一种比较稳妥的方法,.,8,名词作主语,1.,单数名词，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词作主语，谓语用复数形式。,The desk,is,Toms.,Some water,is,in the bottle.,The students,are,playing football on the playground.,9,2.,某些集体名词，如,family,team,club,，,class,，,public,，,group,等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。,His family,is,a happy one.,The whole family,are,watching TV.,10,3.,某些集体名词，如,people,police,clothes,等，只当复数看待，谓语动词必,须用复数。,The police,are,searching for the thief.,4.,单、复数同形的名词如,sheep,deer,fish,Chinese,Japanese,主语时，谓,语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。,A sheep,is,over there.,Some sheep,are,over there,.,11,5.,名词所有格之后的名词被省略，这种情况一般只指商店、工厂、住宅等，作主语时，动词一般用单数。,The doctors,is,across the street.,My uncles,is,not far from here.,常见的省略名词有：,the baker,s,（面包房）,the barber,s,（理发店）,the Zhang,s,（张家）等。,注,:the,姓氏名词的复数形式则表示一家人,。,The Greens,are,having breakfast now.,12,6.,表示成双成套的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式，例如：,glasses,shoes,chopsticks,pants,等。,The pants,are,mine.,My glasses,are,on the table.,但如果主语用,“,a kind of,a pair of,a series of,等加名词,”,构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。,A pair of shoes,was,under the desk.,Two pairs of shoes,were,under the desk.,13,7,当表示国家，城市，人名，书名，报纸，杂志，及组织机构等的专有名词做主语时，作为整体，谓语动词用单数形式。,The United States,lies,in North America.,8,news,，,maths,，,physics,，,politics,等词貌似复数，实为单数，其谓语动词用单数,.,No news,is,good news.Maths,is,very popular in our class,14,连接词连接的名词作主语,15,1,用,and,或,both,and,连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式。,Plastics and rubber never,rot,.,Walking and riding,are,good exercises,.,注：,A,：并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或 同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。否则，用复数。这种情况常有两种结构形式：,a.+n.+and+n,，指的是同一个人或物；,a.+n.+and+a.+n.,，指两个人或物。,The,writer and teacher,is,coming.,The,writer and,the,teacher,are,coming.,B,：由,and,连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由,each,every,等修饰时，结构是,each/every+n.+and+(each/every)+n.,，其谓语动词要用单数形式。,Each boy and each girl,has,got a seat.,Every man and every woman,is,at work.,16,2,当主语后面跟有,as well as,along with,with,like,together with,but,except,besides,including,等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数由前面的主语而定。,(1)The teacher,as well as the students,was,reading,in the library.,(2)The women,with two children,is,my aunt,(3)Mike,like his brother,enjoys,playing football(4)The students,including their teacher,are,going,to the brave man.,(5)Nobody,except Mr.Li and Mrs.Li,likes,soprts.,(6)Mr.Li,besides his sons,likes,sports.,17,3,以,eitheror,neithernor,not onlybut also,notbut,等连接的名词（代词）作主语时，谓语动词的单复数应根据就近一致的原则。,Either you or he,is,to go.,Not one but all of us,are,hoping to be there.,There be,结构，依据就近一致原则,。,There,is,a book,two pens on the desk.,There,are,two pens,a book in the desk.,18,(1)Here,are,two novels.One,is,written in,English.The other,is,in Chinese.,(2),Is,everyone here today.,(3)Something,is,wrong with him.,(4)None of them,has,seen the film.,(5)Either of the boys,is,ready.,(6)Neither of these words,is,correct.,(7)Each of the pens,costs,three dollars.,(8)Nobody,was,in.,4,不定代词,somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,no one,nothing,either,neither,each,the other,another,作主语，谓语动词通常用单数。,19,分数和量词作主语,20,1,表示时间，价格，度量、距离、金额、书名，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。,(1)Two months,is,a long holiday.(2)Twenty pounds,isnt,so heavy.(3)Ten miles,isnt,a long distance.(4)Five minus four,i,s one.(5)The Arabian Night,is,a book known to lovers of English.,21,2,分数,(,百分数,)+of+,名词,做主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于,of,后面的名词的数。,Ten percent of the apples,were,bad.,注意,:,population,一词，用作整体时，谓语动词用单数，用其部分做主语时，谓语动词形式用复数。,The population of China,is,13.6 billion and 70%of the population,are,peasants,3,a number of,后面加复数名词或代词，其动词用复数形式；但,the number of,后面加复数名词或代词时，其谓语用单数。,The number of the teachers in No.2 Middle School,is,over 100.a number of them,are,young.,22,名词化的形容词作主语,如果主语由“,the+,形容词,”结构担任表示一类人或物时，谓语通常用复数，这类词有：,the poor,the rich,the blind,the young,the old,the sick,the dead,the deaf and dumb,.,The rich often,help,the poor.,23,PRACTICE,24,一、给句子填上,is/am/are,1.There _some milk and some bottles on the table.,2.Neither Jim nor Mary _ right.,3.Either you or I _ going to work there.,4.Not only the students but also their teacher _happy.,5.There _some sheep and a child over there.,is,is,am,is,are,25,There,be,_,A,_ and,_,B _,Either _A_ or_,B _,Neither_A_nor_,B,_,Not only_A_but also_,B,_,动词,Thinking makes you clever,就近原则,26,1.Behind the house _(be)some trees.,2.Every student and every teacher _(come),to school on time in the morning.,3.No man and no woman _(like)these shoes.,4.He or she _(have)gone there.,5.What he said_(sound)reasonable.,6.“I”_(be)the ninth letter.,Can you work them out?,are,comes,likes,has,sounds,is,True gold fears not the fire,.,27,找出各句中的错误,1.A number of students has seen the film.,2.This kind of apples taste very good.,3.Not only my classroom but also my teacher are,fond of sports.,4.The Greens has returned to England.,5.Those who only thinks of themselves can never be,happy.,6.When each person come in,they must show their,tickets.,have,tastes,is,have,think,comes,Think carefully,28,7.Ten thousand pounds are a lot of money.,8.Mary likes many other girls likes dancing.,9.We are Chinese.You two are German.,10.The singer and dancer look very young.,11.Bread and butter are my favorite breakfast.,12.Nobody but the twin sisters know the secret.,I can make it,is,like,Germans,looks,is,knows,29,1,：,Each of the students _ a dictionary.,A,.have,B,.is,C,.are,D,.has,2,：,How time flies!Ten years _ passed.,A,.have,B,.has,C,.is,D,.are,3.Not only his parents but also his brother _to the Summer Palace.They havent been back.,A,.have been,B,.have gone,C,.has been,D,.has gone,4,：,Look!There _ playing with the tourists on Dahe Square,A,.are a number of deer,B,.are a number of deers,C,.is a number of deer,D,.is a number of deers,D,B,D,A,30,5,：,The Smiths _ sending e-mails _letters because it is faster.,A,.prefer,to writing,B,.prefer,，,to write,C,.prefers,，,to writing,D,.prefers,，,to write,6,：,Everyone except Bill and Jim _there when the meeting began.,A,.was,B,.is,C,.are,D,.were,7,：,Either Jane or Steven _ watching TV now.,A,.were,B,.is,C,.are,D,.was,A,A,B,31,9.Look,here come some _.,A.dog B.horse C.deer D.cow,10.It is not J.K.Rowling but her works that _ us excited.,A.makes B.is made C.make D.are made,C,C,32,Thank You!,33,