中考英语专题复习第二部分语法考前梳理专题九非谓语动词省公开课一等奖百校联赛赛课微课获奖PPT课件.pptx

语法系统梳理,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,专题九,非谓语动词,第1页,考点一,考点二,考点三,非谓语动词在句子中不能够单独用作谓语,也不受主语人称和数限制,在句子中能够用作其它句子成份。非谓语动词有三种形式,:,动词不定式、动词,-ing,形式和过去分词。,考点一,动词不定式,动词不定式在句子中能够作除谓语以外一切成份,:,主语、宾语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、表语、定语和状语。,1,.,作主语,动词不定式作主语时,往往用,it,作形式主语,而把真正主语,(,动词不定式,),置于句末。惯用句式,:It is(not)+,adj,.+(for/of sb.)to do sth.,。,To swim in the river is dangerous.=It,s dangerous to swim in the river.,在河里游泳是危险。,第2页,考点一,考点二,考点三,2,.,作宾语,常见后面接不定式作宾语动词有,:,agree,begin,start,decide,expect,learn,like,manage,pretend,want,try,wish,forget,等。,Don,t forget to close the door.,别忘了关门。,3,.,作宾语补足语,常接不定式作宾语补足语动词或词组有,want,ask,tell,wish,would like,order,invite,allow,expect,encourage,等。但在使役动词,(make,let,have),和感官动词,(see,hear,watch,notice,feel,等,),后,要把作宾补不定式结构中,to,省略。,第3页,考点一,考点二,考点三,I expect you to write to me.,我期望你给我来信。,I asked him to show me his new dictionary.,我请求他给我看看他新词典。,不定式能够和疑问词,who,what,which,why,when,how,where,等连用,组成,“,疑问词,+,不定式,”,结构,通惯用于以下动词或词组之后,:tell,teach,know,wonder,learn,show,find out,ask,understand,等。,When to go there hasn,t been decided yet.,什么时候去那儿还没定下来。,(,作主语,),Can you tell me where to exchange the money?,你能告诉我哪里能换钱吗,?(,作宾语,),The problem is how to inform her of the news.,问题是该怎样把这个消息通知她。,(,作表语,),第4页,考点一,考点二,考点三,4,.,作表语,往往置于连系动词,be,seem,等之后,My today,s job is to look after my sister.,我今天工作是照看我妹妹。,5,.,作定语,动词不定式作定语时,要置于被说明和修饰名词之后。,I have something important to tell you.,我有一些主要事要告诉你。,Tom needs a house to live in.,汤姆需要一栋房子住。,第5页,考点一,考点二,考点三,6,.,作状语,表明目标、结果或原因等,My little sister is too young to go to school.,我小妹太小而不能上学。,(,结果状语,),He went to the shop to buy a bike.,他去商店买了一辆自行车。,(,目标状语,),【巧学妙记】,不定式使用方法,不定式有标识,to,与原形在一起,;,没有些人称数改变,动词特点它具备,;,主宾定状表补语,唯独作谓不能够,;,not,加上不定式,否定结构要切记,;,疑问词与不定式,组成短语有意义,;,仔细推敲多思索,准确利用有依据。,第6页,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点二,动词,-ing,形式,动词,-ing,形式,普通,由,“,动词原形,+,-ing,”,组成。动词,-ing,形式现有动词性质,也有名词性质,可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语。,1.,作主语,Eating too much junk food is bad for our health.,吃太多垃圾食品对我们健康有害。,【提醒】,动词,-ing,形式和动词不定式作主语,在许多情况下能够通用,但动词,-ing,形式作主语多表示抽象或屡次行为,不定式作主语往往表示详细或一次性动作。,第7页,考点一,考点二,考点三,2,.,作宾语,I don,t mind your smoking here.,我不介意你在这儿吸烟。,3,.,作表语,My mother,s job is cooking meals.,我母亲工作是做饭。,The speech is very encouraging.,这个演讲令人鼓舞。,4,.,作定语,He can,t walk without a walking stick.,他没有拐杖不能走路。,The boy playing basketball is Bill.,正在打篮球那个男孩是比尔。,第8页,考点一,考点二,考点三,5,.,作宾语补足语,Listen,you can hear Tom singing in his room.,听,你能听见汤姆正在他房间里唱歌。,6,.,作状语,Working hard at your lessons,you will succeed.,努力学习你功课,你一定会成功。,第9页,考点一,考点二,考点三,考点三,过去分词,规则动词过去分词由动词原形词尾加,-ed,组成。不规则动词过去分词没有统一组成规则。过去分词普通表示完成和被动动作。过去分词在句子中能够用作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语,但不能单独组成谓语。,第10页,考点一,考点二,考点三,1,.,使用方法,(1),作定语,过去分词作定语,分词与被修饰词之间存在动宾关系。,I,m reading a book written by Mary.,我正在读玛丽写一本书。,(2),作表语,过去分词作表语,主语多是人,强调是主语一个心理感受。,I feel relaxed after exams.,考试后我感到放松。,第11页,考点一,考点二,考点三,(3),作宾语补足语,过去分词作宾语补足语,宾语与分词之间为逻辑上动宾关系。,I have never heard this song sung in English.,我从来没有听到这首歌用英语唱过。,(4),作状语,过去分词作状语,主语与过去分词之间存在动宾关系。,Watered once a day,the trees will grow very well.,假如天天浇一次水,这些树会长得很好。,第12页,考点一,考点二,考点三,2.,动词,-ing,形式与过去分词区分,动词,-ing,形式表示主动,过去分词表示被动。,The man standing by the window is our teacher.,站在窗边人是我们老师。,The building built last year has become our lab.,去年建楼已成了我们试验室。,第13页,