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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,高级英语,3,A New English Course 7,Unit 1 English and American Concepts of Space,Unit 1,Text A,English and American Concepts of Space,Edward T.Hall,1,A New English Course,新编英语教程,7,1/79,2,Contents,Lead-in discussion,Background knowledge,Rhetoric,Text analysis,Homework,Vocabulary,Structure,Discussion,2/79,Lead-in discussion,Cultural differences,Look at the following pictures and discuss about the cultural differences in them.,3/79,4,在餐厅,4/79,5,意见,5/79,6,生活方式,6/79,7,旅游,7/79,8,人际关系,8/79,9,对待愤恨,9/79,10,周日街景,10/79,11,排队,11/79,12,自我,12/79,13,胃疼时饮品,13/79,14,聚会,14/79,15,按时,15/79,16,交通工具,16/79,17,漂亮标准,17/79,18,处理问题,18/79,19,三餐,19/79,20,老人日常生活,20/79,21,领导,21/79,22,沐浴时间,22/79,23,孩子,23/79,24,对待新事物,24/79,25,时尚,25/79,26,想象中对方,26/79,27,心情与天气,27/79,28,28/79,29,Visible behaviour,Like an iceberg,9/10 of culture is below the surface.,Tip of the iceberg,Food,dress,music,dance,crafts,celebrations,language,Attitudes,Unspoken rules,Values,Unconscious rules,Concept of space,concept of time,facial expressions,body language,Traditions,experiences,29/79,PPT Intercultural communication,Video Intercultural communication,30/79,How do we look at different cultures?,31,31/79,32,World map published in China,32/79,33,World map published in Europe,33/79,34,World map published in North America,34/79,35,World map published in Australia,35/79,36,Melting pot,Salad bowl,Mosaic,36/79,37,Improve language,Learn western cultures,Become a better intercultural communicator,语言,+,文化,+,跨文化交际能力,对文化差异敏感性、宽容性、处理差异灵活性,文化间交流与合作能力、协调能力、适应工作能力、独立提出提议和讨论问题能力、组织能力、知人处事能力、灵活应变能力,Intercultural communication,37/79,Background knowledge,Background knowledge,38/79,Vocabulary,Vocabulary,39/79,40,Structure,I.P1 different concepts:basic reasons,Am.space as a way of classifying people;address,a cue to ones status,Br.the social system;position in the social system,II.P2-3 different concepts of space,P2 American concept of space his own space,P3 English concept of space space shared with others,III.P4-5 cultural clash and the reason,P4 cultural clash(implications):an example,P5 reason of the clash:different ways of seeking seclusion,Am.depend on architectural features for screening,Br.internalize a set of barriers,40/79,41,Text analysis,General understanding Qs,Thesis statement?,Purpose of writing?,How is the thesis statement developed?,contrasts,41/79,42,Words or phrases used to indicate contrasts,P1,in the United States,whereas,in England,The Englishman,however,P3,The middle-and upper-class Englishman,on the other hand,P5,The English,on the other hand,42/79,43,P1 development of P1,The English and the Americans are different:language,culture,Thesis:different concepts of space between E.and A.,One of the basic reasons:space a way of class distinctions,Elaboration:examples,Extension:differences in how space is allotted,P2,3,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,43/79,44,P1,In what sense does Hall use the word“separate”in the first sentence?,made culturally different,What,according to the writer,has really separated the English and the Americans?,44/79,45,P1,Analyze the following sentence:,The differences for which language gets blamed may not be due so much to words as to communications on other levels beginning with English intonation(which sounds affected to many Americans)and continuing to ego-linked ways of handling time,space and materials.,The differences,for which language gets blamed,may not be due so much to words as to communications on other levels,beginning with English intonation,(which sounds affected to many Americans),and continuing to ego-linked ways of handling time,space and materials,.,45/79,46,Communication,verbal-,nonverbal-,word language,intonation,body language,visual aids:graphs,photos,concepts of time,space,materials,46/79,47,P1,Differences between the English and the Americans,Language:pronunciation,words,sentence patterns,discourse,Culture:the English-conservative,the Americans-frontier/pioneering spirit,pluralism,melting pot,47/79,48,P1,Public school,:,(Am E)an elementary or secondary school in the United States supported by public funds and providing free education for children of a community or district.,(Br E)a private secondary boarding school with a preuniversity curriculum in Great Britain for pupils between the ages of 13 and 18.They began taking pupils whose parents could afford residential fees.A public school generally prepares students academically for higher education.Therefore,students who go to public schools are supposed to be better educated than those who go to comprehensive schools.,e.g,.,Eton College,(1440,Henry VI)and,Harrow School,(1571)of U.K.Usu.only for noble people(aristocrat)and royal family.,48/79,49,P1,Middle-class Americans,are a heterogeneous socioeconomic grouping composed principally of business and professional people such as managers,doctors,lawyers,teachers,government officials,some farmers and skilled workers.They are characterized by a comfortable material standard of living,and respect for property.Since World War II,the middle class has been the largest social class in the United States.In the U.S.A.,most people identify themselves as“middle-class”.,49/79,50,P1,British schools,Compulsory education:4 to 14 years old,Kindergarten,:4 to 6 years old,Junior school/primary school,:5 to 11 years old -11 plus,Secondary school,:,Grammar school,:for children who pass the 11 plus,Public school,Comprehensive school,:children of all ability and social background are taught together,Technical school,(secondary modern,before 1960s):for children who are thought not so intelligent and learn practical subjects,College,:students have to get at least 2 or 3 O-levels and 2 A-level to get into,University,50/79,51,P1,Britain:class-conscious country,royal family,aristocracy/nobility(hereditary titles:duke,marquis,earl,viscount,baron)-knighthood upper middle class,middle class,working class,51/79,52/79,53,P1,in,:adj.fashionable,stylish,chic,posh,be worlds/a world/poles apart from,:be completely different from,截然相反，天壤之别,e.g.,Their political views are worlds apart.,This half of the country is worlds apart from the western rural provinces.,tone,:the general quality,effect,or atmosphere,情调,格调,e.g.,a room with an elegant tone,含有优雅情调房间,That horrible building lowers the whole tone of the neighborhood.,Her room has a conservative tone.,the tone of a school,53/79,Brooklyn,Palm Beach,54/79,Miami,Cape Cod,55/79,56,P1,allot,:give as a share,e.g.,allot one room to every new teacher,allot twenty minutes to students presentation,56/79,57,P2,3,P2 American concept:a strong sense of ones own space,P3 English concept:a strong sense of shared space,57/79,58,P2,topic sentence?,How is P2 developed?,3 examples:,shared room,in a family,closed doors,58/79,59,P2,shut oneself off,:be alone and not disturbed,avoid seeing or having contact with people,59/79,60,P3,condition to,:accustom to,e.g.,condition yourself to university life,condition yourself not to depend on your parents,be conditioned to,e.g.,She felt difficult to be conditioned to the absence of her boyfriend.,Some people are conditioned to be accepting rather than questioning,.,60/79,61,P3,be entitled to(do)sth.,:have the right to,e.g.,All employees are entitled to an annual paid leave of 15 days.,Every child in this country is entitled to free education.,He believes that his daughter is entitled to marry anyone she chooses.,61/79,62,P3,Br.,parliament,the House of Lords,(the Upper House),the House of Commons,(the Lower House),Member of Parliament(MP),Am.,congress,the Senate,senator,the House of Representatives,congressman,62/79,63,P3,In regard to,the need for walls as a,screen,for the ego,this places the Americans somewhere between the Germans and the English.,Who has the strongest sense of space?,63/79,64,P4,What would happen if an Englishman and an,American live in the same room?,Who is more likely to get frustrated first?,64/79,65,P4,remarkable implications,typify,experience strain in his relationship with Americans,pick up the subtle clues,65/79,66,P5,reason of the clash:different ways of seeking seclusion,Am.depend on architectural features for screening,Br.internalize a set of barriers,66/79,67,P5,ultimate,:worst,best,biggest,e.g.,“The Rolling Stone is the ultimate rock and roll band.,The ultimate test to him is death.,a sure sign,:a sign that sth.is certainly going to happen,e.g.,Those black clouds are a sure sign of rain.,Learning to appreciate whatever little surprises life prepares for us is,a,sure,sign,of maturity.,67/79,68,P5,refuge:a place that provide shelter,use space as a refuge from others:use space to stay away from others/to escape,in effect,:in fact,be in effect,:(law etc.)be used,e.g.,In effect,we are earning less than last year.,The housing policy is still in effect.,68/79,69,P5,?all is well,69/79,Rhetoric,Rhetoric,70/79,71,Discussion,Compare Chinese and Western culture,focus on one concept or practice,analyze cultural differences in one activity,analyze cultural differences presented in works,Concept of timeConcept of space,Patterns of friendshipFamily relationship,Dealing with conflictNegotiation styles,Collectivism&individualism Hierarchy and equality,Chinese and western banquet,High context and low context,Teacher and student relationship,71/79,Homework,Pushing Hands,推手,Watch films about cultural differences,72/79,The Treatment,刮痧,73/79,The Joy Luck Club,喜福会,74/79,Lost in Translation,迷失东京,75/79,My Big Fat Greek Wedding,我盛大希腊婚礼,76/79,Homework,After-class reading,语言与文化,英汉语言文化对比,邓炎昌、刘润清著,外语教学与研究出版社,跨文化非语言交际,毕继万著,外语教学与研究出版社,77,77/79,Exercises,1.,基本语法,/,句法：完整？时态、语态、语气、主谓一致、指代、名词单复数,2.,词汇、短语：词类、近似词、搭配（惯使用方法）,3.,上下文关系（篇章了解）：逻辑关系,78/79,Debate topic of next week,Should China abolish the one-child policy now?,79/79,
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