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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 11 Section A,How to Be True to Yourself,综合教程,Unit 5 How to Be True to Yourself,1/53,Pre-reading Activity,2/53,1.,Motto:a short sentence or a few words taken as the guiding principle of a person,of a school,of an organization,etc.,“Waste not,want not”was my mothers motto.,The motto of the university is“Freedom of thought and coexistence of different doctrines.,3/53,integrity,1),strength and firmness of character or principle;honestly or trustworthiness,He is respected and admired as a man of the greatest integrity,a man of moral integrity,2)a state of being whole and undivided;completeness,Our integrity as a nation is threatened by the separatist forces at home and foreign intervention.,mutual respect for territorial integrity,4/53,Mottoes about how to be a good man/a man or integrity,If you tell the truth,you have infinite power supporting you,A harmful truth is better than a useful lie.,Honesty is the best policy,Honesty is the first chapter in the book of wisdom.,In the mountains of truth,you never climb in vain.,A good fame is better than a good face.,A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.,A straight foot is not afraid of a crooked shoe.,Honesty is the best policy.,I cannot be your friend and your flatterer too.,5/53,Group discussion,Which of the mottoes do you like best?,Why do you like it?,How important do you think it is for one to be a man of integrity?,请选择,discussion,6/53,Teachers sample1.,Whats honesty?,Honesty is telling the truth,Honesty is straightforward conduct,Honesty is being sincere,truthful,trustworthy,honorable,fair,genuine,and loyal with integrity.,7/53,2.Reasons to tell the truth,Telling the truth lets everyone know what really happened.There is less chances of misunderstandings,confusion,or conflict.,Telling the truth protects innocent people from being blamed or punished.,You usually get into less trouble for telling the truth than ofr lying(and getting caught).,Other people trust you more when you tell the truth.,You dont have to tell more lies to keep your story straight.,You gain a reputation for being truthful a trait that most people value.,Telling the truth helps you feel secure and peaceful inside.(conscience),8/53,2.,Demonstrate:,1)Show or describe clearly,The first-aid instructor demonstrated the correct way to bandage a wound.,2)prove or make clear a fact,esp.by reasoning or providing examples,Galileo demonstrated that objects of different weights fall at the same speed.,9/53,Ethics/Morality,Ethics:1)the,science,that deals with morals,He decided to study ethics as his second major.,2)moral,rules or principles,of behavior governing a person or group,Whether a country should have nuclear weapons or not should be a question of ethics,not of politics.,communist ethics/press ethics/stage ethics,Morality:rightness or honesty of,behavior,，,of an,action,，,etc.,One sometimes wonders if there is any morality in politics.,Many people have questioned the morality of that politicians actions,10/53,Expediency/expedience,being useful or helpful for a purpose,although not necessarily correct.,The government will not condemn its allies for torturing prisoners.It is a question or expediency.,His behavior seems to be governed solely by expedience.,It is expedient that he should go away at once.,Do whatever is expedient.,11/53,inner,1),on the inside or close to the middle,The inner wrapping of the commodity is also pleasant to look at.,an inner tube/Inner Mongolia/the Inner City,2)close to the centre of control,The prime Minister often turns to the inner circle（,关键集团）,of the Cabinet for advice.,3)of the mind or spirit,His material life is very good,but his inner life is very poor.,Inner beauty is the real beauty./the inner life of a man.,12/53,demand,The opponent had demanded that all the facts be made public.,Work of this nature demands personal sacrifices of those who embark on it.,The teacher demands of us a 500-work composition.,13/53,Principle,（,1,）,a truth or belief that is accepted as a base for reasoning or action,One of the principles of this dictionary is that definitions should be in simple language.,They agreed to the plan in principle.,（,2,）,a moral rule or set of ideas which guides ones behavior,I usually follow the principle that it is better not to get involved in other peoples,quarrels.,14/53,conviction,a very firm and sincere belief,She is a woman of strong convictions.,She has a firm conviction that she is always right.,convince sb of sth.,compare:convincible and convincing and convinced,15/53,ensure,(ArnE insure,）,make sth.certain to happen,There is a change in the law that ensures fair treatment for people of all races,Take a taxi if you want to ensure that you catch the plane.,Compare:assure sb of sth.,insure ones house against fire,have ones life insured,16/53,abdominal,That middle-aged man received an abdominal operation,，,which lasted two hours.,He went to play basketball soon after lunch and began to suffer sharp abdominal pains while playing the match.,17/53,surgeon,-a doctor whose job is to perform medical operations,The skillful surgeon operated on the patient who suffered from appendicitis（,阑尾炎）,Highly skilled surgeons enjoy a high social position and have a handsome income.,18/53,sponge,（,1,）,a type of simple sea creature that does not move but grows a spreading rubber-like frame full of small holes,Sponges can grow up to a very considerable size.,（,2,）,a piece of a sponge,，,or of a similar artificial substance made from rubber,，,which can suck up and hold water and is usually used for washing,We have a mop made of sponge,，,which soaks up much water.,19/53,rookie,-sb.who is new to and has no experience of an activity,，,esp.a new soldier or policeman,He is a police rookie/a rookie cop.He joined the police only last year.,She is a rookie nurse.She is very careful with her job.,20/53,credit,（,1,）,a system of buying goods or services and paying for them later,If you cant afford to pay cash,，,buy the furniture on credit.,（,2,）,belief or trust in the truth or rightness of something,Do you place any credit in the governments story?,（,3,）,public approval or praise given to sb.because of sth.he has done,That scientist was given no credit for his invention,21/53,appoint,（,1,）,choose for a position or job,They have appointed him chairman of the board of directors.,A committee was appointed to investigate these complaints.,（,2,）,arrange or decide,（,esp.a time or place when something will happen,）,The committee has appointed a day in July for your case to be heard.,22/53,Dwarf/giant,Dwarf:a person,，,animal,，,or plant of much less than the usual size,Their second son is a dwarf.,There is a funny,，,silly dwarf in the film.,Giant:,（,I,）,a person who is much bigger and taller than average people,A basketball team usually has several giants.,（,2,）,a person of great ability,Shakespeare is a giant among writers.,23/53,external,（,1,）,on,，,of,or from the outside,This medicine is for external use,，,not to drink.,（,2,）,that can be seen but not natural or real,He is actually very shy,，,despite external appearances.,Antonym:internal,24/53,inevitably,-being certain to happen,；,unavoidably,He was,，,inevitably,，,upset by her departure,，,but soon he got over it.,Given the current financial situation,，,the pound will inevitably be devalued.,25/53,challenge,（,1,）（,sth.with)the quality of demanding competitive action,，,interest,，,or thought,I am looking for a job with a bit more challenge.,2,）,an invitation to compete in a fight,，,game,，,match,，,etc.,The President of the Board of Trustees（,理事会）,is faced with a challenge to his leadership from his deputy.,（,3,）,a questioning of the rightness,，,legality,，,etc.of something,This new report represents a challenge to the accepted version of those events,26/53,Preserve,（,1,）,prevent sb.or sth.from being harmed or destroyed,The ancient Egyptians knew ways to preserve dead bodies from decay。,（,2,）,cause a condition to last,；,to keep unchanged,It is the duty of the police to preserve public order,Facade,（,1,）,the front of a building,，,esp.of a grand building,正面，表面，外观,The facade of the Grand Theater is very attractive.,（,2,）,an appearance,，,esp.one that is false,Though they put up a facade of honesty,，,they are involved in criminal activities.,27/53,conscience,-an inner sense that is conscious of the moral rightness or wrongness of ones behavior or intentions,，,and makes one know whether one is doing right,I have a guilty conscience about not telling her the truth.,I havent done anything wrong.,一,I have a clear conscience.,28/53,succumb,（,1,）,stop opposing,；,to give in,（,to greater force or strength,，,a desire,，,etc.,）,They held out for some hours in the face of our persuasive offers,，,but eventually they succumbed.,（,2,）,die because of,He finally succumbed to the illness.,29/53,The writer realizes the present scarcity and the real importance of integrity.He wants to tell us that integrity is what is fundamental in every area of society and that it is something we must demand of ourselves.He wants to convince us that only by standing firmly for our convictions in the face of personal pressure,，,by always giving others credit that is rightfully theirs and by being honest and open about what we really are,，,can we live a rich life of principle and success.,Main idea?,30/53,II.,Text Analysis:Main Idea of each part,The writer realizes the present scarcity and the real importance of integrity.He wants to tell us that integrity is what is fundamental in every area of society and that it is something we must demand of ourselves.He wants to convince us that only by standing firmly for our convictions in the face of personal pressure,，,by always giving others credit that is rightfully theirs and by being honest and open about what we really are,，,can we live a rich life of principle and success.,Main idea?,For details,Part I,(Paras.1-2),Part II,(Paras.3-14),Part III,(Para.15),31/53,II.,Text Analysis:Main Idea of each part,The author states the principle of the Integrity Triad in detail,that is,stand firmly for your convictions in the face of personal pressure;always give others credit that is rightfully theirs;be honest and open about what you really are.,Main idea?,For details,Part II,(Paras.3-14),32/53,II.,Text Analysis:Main Idea of each part,The last paragraph is the conclusion of the essay.It is associated with the first one.In this paragraph，the author further explains what integrity means and points out what benefit and prospect a life of principle will bring you.,Main idea?,back,Part III,(Para.15),33/53,Part 1,1,What is the contrast presented in the beginning?,A1,：,The authors grandparents and their generation firmly believed in honesty and demonstrated it by the way they lived,，,but nowadays integrity is getting scarcer.,2,What reasons prompted the writer to write about the topic?,A2:Integrity is in short supply today,，,but it is the real fundamental thing in every activity of society and it is the real basic quality that we must be in possession of.These are the reasons that prompted the writer to write about the topic,34/53,Part 1,1.They understood instinctively that integrity means,having,a personal standard of morality and ethics that does not,sell out to expediency,and that,is not relative to,the situation,at hand.,-integrity means that one should have a personal standard for judging what is morally right and wrong.And he does what he thinks is right,not what is helpful for him.His judgment is not affected by any external circumstances.,35/53,Part 1,2.But it is the real bottom line in every area of society,-But integrity is really what counts in every part or division of society.,But it is the real fundamental thing in every activity of society.,But it is the real basic quality in every section of society.,the bottom line,（,1,）,the amount of money shown as profit or loss at the bottom of a set of accounts,You have invested millions of dollars in the business and you come out with nothing on the bottom line.,（,2,）,the basic content,，,meaning,，,or situation,The bottom line in the debate is the increasing number of motorcycle accidents and fatalities.,(3,）,outcome,；,the most important result in the end,If we make all the changes I am proposing,，,the bottom line is that the company will save$5,0 00.,36/53,Part 2(para 3),Whats the use of paragraph 3?,The third paragraph introduces the Integrity Triad and links the preceding part with the following.,3.Consist of,:be made up of,Our class consists of seven groups.,This article consists of three main points.,37/53,Part 2(para 4-8),1.How did the writer support his first key principle?,A1:by means of telling a story,2.What do you think of the nurse?,A2:a responsible nurse who sticks to her integrity.,3,.,What do you know about the surgeon from the story?,A3:The surgeon is careful with his work and responsible to his patients.Besides,，,he is open to criticisms and very patient in the face of objections and even incorrect criticisms.For example,，,when the nurse prevented him from closing the cut and wrongly criticized him,，,he remained patient instead of getting angry and smilingly lifted his foot and showed her the 12th sponge.Moreover,，,he praised her,，,saying,“,Youll do just fine in this or any other hospital.,”,38/53,Part 2(para 4-8),4.Account for,（,1,）,give or be a satisfactory explanation for,How do you account for losing five games in a row?,Can you account to me for your delay in handing in your composition?,（,2,）,be the cause or origin of,North Sea oil accounts for a high proportion of our export earnings.,There is no accounting for tastes.,39/53,Part 2(para 4-8),5.object,（,1,）,be against sth.or sb.,；,feel or show opposition or disapproval,Id like to open the window if no one objects.,I strongly object to being treated like a child.,（,2,）,give as an argument against sth.,I wanted to climb the hill,，,but Bill objected that he was too tired.,Some people objected that the new tax law was unfair.,40/53,6.When you know you are right,，,you cant back down.,=When you know you are doing the right thing,，,you cant give up your effort halfway under external pressure,If you know you are right,，,you cannot admit that you are wrong when you are faced with personal pressure.,back down,-accept defeat in an argument,，,opinion,，,or claim,；,admit that one was wrong,；,to give up ones original stand,，,etc.,That small country will not back down to pressure.,He said he could swim,，,but he backed down when we got to the lake.,41/53,Part 2(para9-11),Why did the advertising firm founded by David Ogilvy become one of the largest and most respected advertisingorganizations in the world?,Because David Ogilvy and the appointed office heads of the advertising firm founded by David Ogilvy acted upon the key principle,：,Always give others credit that is rightfully theirs to be more specific,，,they were not afraid of and hired those who might have a better idea or who might even be sma
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