八年级上册英语第二单元语法及练习题.doc

八年级上册第二单元Unit 2 what’s the matter?
一．重点短语归纳
1. foot---feet 脚 <复> tooth---teeth 牙齿 <复>
2. have a cold 感冒 3. have a stomachache 胃疼 4. have a sore back背疼
5. have a sore throat喉咙疼 6. have a fever发烧 7. lie down and (have a)rest 躺下休息 have a rest 休息 8. hot tea with honey 加蜜的热茶 9. see a dentist 看牙医 see a doctor 看医生
10.drink lots of water多喝水
11.lots of ,a lot of, a lot
a lot of=lots of，可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，一般用在肯定句中。：
There are lots of （ a lot of） books in our library.
There is a lot of water on the ground
a lot,是一个副词词组，跟动词连用；表示十分，很等意思；  Thanks a lot.
12. have a toothache牙疼 13. That’s a good idea好主意
14. go to bed 去睡觉 go to bed early 早上床睡觉 15. feel well感到好   feel ill 感到不舒服
I don’t feel well= I’m not feeling well 我感觉不舒服.
16. start doing/ to do sth开始做某事
to do是一件事情完成了，开始做另外一件事情;doing是原来的那件事情做到一半，现在又开始做了，是同一件事情
17. two days ago两天前 18. get some rest 多休息, 休息一会儿 19. I think so我认为是这样
20. be thirsty口渴    21. be hungry 饥饿 22. be stressed out紧张 23. listen to music听音乐
24. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式 25. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医
26. need to do sth 需要做某事
I have a toothache. I need to see a dentist.  我牙痛, 我需要去看牙医.
We need to keep our classroom clean. 我们需要保持教室的干净.
27. a balance of yin and yang阴阳平衡 28. for example例如
29. too much yin太多的阴, 阴气太盛 too much + 不可数名词   太多的… 
much too +形/副   实在太… 极其，非常 too many + 可数名词复数 太多的…
30.be good for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有益 ，对什么有好处
be bad for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有害 be good to 对…好 be good at =do well in 在……方面好，擅长
be good(bad) for、be good at的相关用法
　　1.be good for 对......有益
　 Doing morning exercises is good for your health. 做早操对你们的建康有益。
　　2.be good at 擅长于......
　　　Li Ping is good at basketball.　　　李平擅长于篮球。
　　　= Li Ping is good at playing basketball.　　　李平擅长于打篮球。
　　be good at = do well in 如：
　　　I'm good at math. = I do well in math.　　　我擅长于数学。
　　3.be good to 对......好
　　　Parents are always good to their children.父母亲总是对他们的孩子好。
31.get good grades 取得好成绩   32.angry 用法 be angry with sb生某人的气
I was angry with him for keeping me waiting.我对他很生气，因为他让我等了好久。
be angry at/ about sth 就某事生气
33.Chinese medicine 中药 34.be popular in + some place 在某地很流行
 Chinese medicine is now popular in many western countries. 现在中药在许多西方国家受欢迎。
35.in western countries在西方国家 36.It’s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。 It’s important to do sth . 做某事很重要。 37.balanced diet平衡饮食 38.get tired 感到疲倦 be/get tired 
39.go out at night在晚上出去When you are tired, you shouldn’t go out at night. 疲倦时，晚上你不该外出
40.stay healthy 保持健康 =keep healthy=keep in good health
41.at the moment此时，此刻= now I’m not feeling very well at the moment
42.enjoy sth. =like sth. (名词)喜欢某物,
enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事=like dong sth
enjoy oneself (myself, yourself,herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself
反身代词) 玩得高兴，过得愉快=have a good time = have a wonderful time =have fun
43. conversation practice会话练习 44. host family 寄宿家庭
45. have a lot of headaches经常疼痛 I’m tired and I have a lot of headaches. 我很疲劳，而且经常头痛。
46. a few + 可数名词复数  少许… a little + 不可数名词/形/副    一点…
47.He shouldn’t eat anything =He should eat nothing. 他不应当吃任何东西.
48.give sb some advice给某人建议give advice 提出建议
advice 是不可数名词  a piece of advice 一则建议 take one’s advice 采纳或听从某人的建议
He gave me some good advice. 他向我提了一些很好的意见。
49.sleep 8 hours a night每晚睡眠八小时 50.take medicine 吃药 服药
二 固定结构
It’s +形 + for sb. + to do sth.
做某事对某人来说是…的。
It’s important to do sth .做某事很重要。
It’s important for me to eat a balanced diet. 平衡饮食对我来说是很重要的.
It’s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。
It’s easy for us to find out the answer.  找出答案对我们来说是容易的
三．重点句子
1.What’s the matter ? What’s the mater with you ? 你怎么啦？
 =What’s the trouble with you?=What’s wrong with you? 
I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache
2.That’s too bad. You should / shouldn’t …     那太糟糕了. 你应该/不该…
You should lie down and rest / drink hot tea with honey / see a dentist / see a doctor .
He shouldn’t eat anything = He should eat nothing. 他不应当吃任何东西.
3.I’m not felling well . 这里well表示身体状况，不能用good代替
I don’t feel well= I’m not feeling well 我感觉不舒服.
4.When did it start ? About two days ago . 什么时候开始的？大约两天前
5.I hope you fell better soon . 我希望你很快好起来
这里better是well的比较级
6.Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy. 传统中医认为我们需要阴阳调和以保持身体健康。
这里 to be healthy是动词不定式短语，作目的状语
7.You should eat hot yang foods, like beef. 你应该吃一些像牛肉之类的阳性食物。
8.Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for this.
   吃党参和黄芪等草本植物也对这有好处。
9.People who are too stressed out and angry may have too much yang.
 太紧张易怒的人或许吃了太多的阳性食物。too much后跟不可数名词，而too many后跟可数名词复数
10.It’s easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and it’s important to eat a balanced diet . 有一个健康的生活方式很容易，饮食平衡是很重要的。
→ It’s easy to do sth . 做某事容易 / It’s important to do sth . 做某事重要
11.You should rest for a few nights. 你应该休息几个晚上
12.I study late every night, sometimes until 2 am, but I don’t think I’m improving.
我每天晚上学到很晚，有时到凌晨2点钟，但我认为我没有提高。
13believe in 信任某人，强调品质，believe sb.相信某人的话
I believe him, but I can’t believe in him.他的话是真的，但是我不信任他这个人。
14 .I have a toothache . I need to see a dentist .
→ need意思为 “需要” ，作实义动词时，后跟动词不定式，否定式为don’t /doesn’t / didn’t need (to do sth.) ；作情态动词时，只能用于否定句或疑问句中，否定式为needn’t(do sth.) ，除有过去式外，没有其它的形态变化
四．知识结构
.情态动词should的用法
should是情态动词，它的基本用法是必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化，意为"应该....
should（应当，应该）用于所有人称，表示劝告或建议。
eg. You should wait a little more.你应该再多等一会儿。
--- I have a very bad cold.我感冒很厉害。
--- You should lie down and have a rest.你应该躺下，多喝水。
maybe与may be
　　1.maybe是副词，译为“也许、可能”，相当于“perhaps”。如：
　　　Maybe he can answer the question.　　　也许他能回答那个问题。
　　　He maybe is from the USA, too. 　　　他可能也来自美国。
　　2.may be中的may为情态动词，译为“可能是......”。如：
　　　He may be from the USA, too.　 　　他可能也来自美国。
　　　She may be our English teacher.　　　她可能是我们的英语老师
too many,too much与much too
　　1.too many意为“太多”，用于修饰可数名词的复数。如：
　　　There are too many students in our class.　　我们班上有太多的学生。
　　2.too much意为“太多”，用于修饰不可数名词。如：
　　　We have too much work to do. 　　　我们有太多的工作要做。
　　3.much too表示“太”，用来修饰形容词或副词。如：
　　　The box is much too heavy, so I can't carry it.
　　　箱子太重了，所以我搬不动它。
few、a few、little、a little的区别和联系：
1.few / a few用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有；a few表示有肯定意思， 有几个。 例如
He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。
There are a few eggs in the basket. 篮子里有几个鸡蛋。
2.little / a little用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有。
a little 表示肯定意思，有一点儿。 例如：
There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a little ink?
我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗？
not…until  直到 …(否定句) 才，动词为短暂性或瞬间性动词
 She didn’t leave until we came.
He went shopping after he got up.  =He didn’t go shopping until /before he got up. 
……until/till   直到··· （肯定句）动词为延续性动词 We stayed here till/until 12 o’clock.
1. ---_________ . ---I have a headache.
A. What’s the matter, Li Hua? B. Where are you, Li Hua? C. Who are you? D. What are you doing,Li Hua?
2. I think walking is _______ our health. A. good at B. bad at C. well in D. good for
3. ---What’s _____with you? ---I have a cold. A. matter B. a matter C. the trouble D. the wrong
4. That meat is ______dear. Don’t buy it _________.
A. too much ; much too B. much too ; much too C. too much; too much D. much too ; too much
5. We should not eat _______ junk food. A. too many B. too much C. many too D. much too
6. ---Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend？
---____________. A. I don’t think it. B. I don’t think C.I think not so D.I don’t think so.
7. It’s important to eat a ________ diet. A. balanced B. balance C. balancing D. balances
8. ---I was ill yesterday. ---_________. I hope you are better now.
A. Best wishes B. Bad luck C. Nice to meet you D. I’m sorry to hear that
9. ---I feel tired, I don’t have time for a rest. ---You should take _______, I think.
A. health B. exercise C. lesson D. time
10. ---What _____your sister have just now? ---Some noodles.
A. was B. does C. did D. is
11. It’s good __________ your health _________ milk. A.for , to drink B.of , to drink C. for , drink D.for ,drinks
12. ---You are stressed out. You should listen to some music. ---That ____ a good idea.
A. sounds like B. sounds C.like D. sound like
13. You shoundn’t eat _______ for lunch. A. some B. any C. something D.anything
14. Lucy is not feeling _______ now. A. badly B. well C. nice D. right
15. If you have a toothache,you should see a _______. A. policeman B. teacher C. dentist D. nurse
二、完形填空
What should we do to keep healthy？One important rule is to exercise 1 . The Fang family try to exercise every day. Mr Fang 2 exercise every morning because he must go to work at seven o’clock. But he runs every evening. He walks a lot, 3 . He walks to school every day , and after school he 4 different sports with his friends. Mr Fang goes to a yoga (瑜珈功) class 5 . But it wasn’t 6 this way. Last year Mr and Mrs Fang used to (过去常常) 7 everywhere in their car, even to the drugstore (药店) two blocks（街区) away. They thought they had to use the car all the time. They wouldn’twalk.
The Fangs all 8 better now. They believe they shouldn’t be lazy. We 9 exercise everyday, but we should try our 10 to exercise as often as possible.
( )1. A.often B. sometimes C. late D. later
( )2. A. may not B. can not C. would not D. should not
( )3. A. either B. also C. too D. again
( )4. A. watches B. plays C. loves D. likes
( )5. A.in two weeks B. for two weeks C. after two weeks D. twice a week
( )6. A. always B. even C. sometimes D.no
( )7. A. riding B. drive C. fly D.walk
( )8. A. had B. make C. feel D. feel like
( )9. A. needn’t B. don’t C. wouldn’t have D. mustn’t
( )10.A. best B.good C. well D.better
A. 根据句意和首字母提示，完成句中所缺单词
1. If you have a toothache, you should see a d_________.
2. I am t__________. Could you please give me a glass of water?
3. Bees make h_______. 4. It’s i___________ to learn English well.
5. It’s important to keep a b________ diet. 6. When you are s_________ out ,you should relax.
7. The Spring Festival is Chinese t__________ festival. 8. My Granny can’t stand straight, she has a sore b_______.
9. Eating too many sweets is bad for your t __________. 10. Such a wonderful concert is really beautiful for our e________.
B.根据短文内容和首字母提示，填入所缺单词
Traditional Chinese doctors believe that we need a b________11 of yin and yang to be h________12. For example, are you often weak and t __________13? M________14 you have too much yin.You should eat hot yang f__________15, like beef. Eating Dangshen and Huangqi h_______ 16is also good for this. But peoplewho are too stressed o_______17 and angry may have too much yang.Chinese medicine is now p________18 in many western countries. It’s easy to have a healthy l__________19, and it’s i________20 to a balanced diet.
11._________ 12. __________ 13.__________ 14. ___________ 15.____________
16._________17.___________ 18.__________ 19. ___________ 20.____________
C. 请用英语尽可能多的写出你身体的各个部位
五、 句型转换
1.He may be a scientist.(同义句转换) ________he _______ a scientist.
2.Kate should eat something.（改为否定句）Kate _______ eat ___________.
3. Who will take care of the sick children? (同义句转换)Who will ______ _____ the sick children?
4. I have a sore throat.（对划线部分提问）What’s ________ _______with you?
5. Our class meeting started at 4：30. （对划线部分提问）_______ _________your class meeting start?