高级英语下册重难点单词解释（全）.docx

词汇(Vocabulary)
lash (v.): move quickly or violently猛烈冲击;拍打
pummel (n.): beat or hit with repeated blows，esp.with the fist(尤指用拳头)连续地打
course (n.): a way of behaving;mode 0f conduct行为;品行;做法
demolish (v.): pull down.tear down，or smash to pieces (a building，etc.)，destroy：ruin拉倒;打碎;拆毁;破坏;毁灭
motel (n.):a hotel intended primarily for those traveling by car, usually with direct access from each room to an area for cars汽车游客旅馆
gruff (adj.): rough or surly in manner or speech;harsh and throaty;hoarse粗暴的，粗鲁的;粗哑的。嘶哑的
batten (n.): fasten with battens用压条钉住(或固定)
methodically (adv.): orderly，systematically有秩序地;有条理地
main (n.): a principal pipe, or line in a distributing system for water, gas, electricity, etc(自来水，煤气，电等的)总管
bathtub (n.): a tub，now usually a bathroom fixture，in which to take a bath浴盆，浴缸
generator (n.): a machine for changing mechanical energy into electrical energy;dynamo发电机，发动机
scud (v.): run or move swiftly;glide or skim along easily疾行，飞驰;掠过
mattress (n.): a casing of strong cloth or other fabric filled with cotton，hair，foam rubber，etc.床垫;褥子
pane (n.):a single division of a window，etc.，consisting of a sheet of glass in a frame;such a sheet of glass窗格;窗格玻璃
disintegrate (v.): separate into parts or fragments; break up;disunite分裂，分解，裂成碎块
blast (n.): a strong rush of(air or wind)一股(气流);一阵(风)
douse (n.): plunge or thrust suddenly into liquid;drench; pour liquid over把…浸入液体里;使浸透;泼液体在…上
brigade (n.): a group of people organized to function。。"unit in some work(组织起来执行某种任务的)队
scramble (v.): climb，crawl，or clamber hurriedly爬行;攀(登)
litter (n.): the young borne at one time by a dog，cat or other animal which normally bears several young at a delivery(狗、猫等多产动物)一胎生下的小动物
shudder (n.): shake or tremble suddenly and violently，as in horror or extreme disgust震颤，战栗
ferocity (n.): wild force or cruelty;ferociousness凶猛;凶恶，残忍;暴行
swipe (n.):a hard，sweeping blow[口]猛击，重击
maroon (av.): leave abandoned，isolated，or helpless使处于孤立无援的处境
devastate (nv.): destroy;lay waste;make desolate毁坏,摧毁;使荒芜
swath (n.): the space or width covered with one cut of a scythe or other mowing device刈幅(挥动镰刀所及的面积)
huddle (v.): crowd，push，or nestle close together。as cows do in a storm(如风暴中的牛群)挤成一团;拥挤;互相紧贴
slashing (a.): severe;merciless;violent严厉的;猛烈的
implore (v.): ask or beg earnestly; beseech恳求，哀求，乞
bar (v.): a vertical line across a staff，dividing it into measures;a measure小节线(五线谱上的纵线把五线谱分成小节); 小节
trail (v.):grow gradually weaker，dimmer，less direct，etc.渐弱;渐小;渐暗
debri (复：debris )(n.): a rough，broken bit and piece of a stone，wood，glass，etc.，as after destruction：rubble碎片，瓦砾
sanctuary (n.): a place of refuge or protection：asylum 避难所，庇护所
cedar (n.): any of a genus of widespreading coniferous trees of the pine family，having clusters of needlelike leaves，cones, and durable wood with a characteristic fragrance雪松(属)
extinguish (v.): put out(a fire，etc.);quench;smother熄灭(火等)，灭(火);扑灭 waver v. swing or sway to and fro;flutter摇摆;摇晃;摇曳
topple (v.): fall top forward;lean forward as if on the point of falling向前倒;摇摇欲坠
lean-to (n.): a roof with a single slope，its upper edge abutting a wall or building;a shed with a one-slope roof单坡 屋顶;单坡屋顶的棚
prop (v.): hold up，support or hold in place with or as with a prop支撑;维持;支持
tilt (v.): aslope;incline;slant;tip倾斜;倾侧;翘起
cower (v.): crouch or huddle up，as from fear or cold(因害怕或寒冷而)蜷缩;退缩
slant (v.):incline or turn from a direct line or course, esp, one that is perpendicular or level;slope(使)倾斜;(使)变歪
hinge (v.): equip with or attach by a hinge靠铰链转动(或附着)
diminish (v.): reduce in size. degree，importance, etc.;lessen使变小;减少，缩减
thrust (n.): a sudden，forceful push or shove猛推
strew (v.): spread about here and there by or as by sprinkling：scatter.be scattered or dispersed over(a surface)撒(布);散播;被撒满(表面)
festoon (v.): adorn or hang with flowers, leave, paper, etc.饰以(或悬挂)花彩，结彩于
coil (v.): wind around and around成卷状;盘绕o卷
spaghetti (n.): paste in the form。f long，thin strings, cooked by boiling or steaming and served with a sauce细条实心面
salvation (n.): a saving 0r being saved from danger, evil，difficulty，destruction。etc.;rescue救助o拯救;援救
canteen (n.):a place where cooked food is dispensed to people in distress，as in a disaster area(在灾区给灾民分配熟食的)赈灾处
staffer (n.): a member of a staff职员
rake (v.): scrape or sweep;move forward swiftly掠过;急速穿过;迅速向前移动
rampage (v.): rush violently or wildly about横冲直撞
pitch (v.): [colloq] set to work energetically[口]拼命干起来，开始大干特干
wreckage (n.): the remains of something that has been wrecked残骸;漂浮物
salvage (v.): save or rescue from shipwreck, fire，flood, etc.雷救o抢救;打捞
wrath (n.): intense anger;rage;fury愤怒;暴怒;勃然大怒
the blues: [colloq]a depressed.unhappy feeling[口]沮丧;忧郁
afflict (v.):cause pain or suffering to;distress very much 使痛苦，使苦恼.折磨
weld (v.): unite(pieces of metal，etc.)by heating until molten and fused or until soft enough to hammer or press together焊接;熔接
reflect (v.): think seriously;contemplate认真思考;沉思
短语 (Expressions)
reason out: to find out an explanation or solution to a problem，by thinking of all the possibilities寻找解决途径
例：Let's reason this out instead of quarrelling.让我们不要争吵，商量出事情的解决方案
a good: at least，full至少，最少
例：They waited a good eight hours他们等了至少8个小时。
sit out: stay until the end of坐到结束
例：We forced ourselves to sit the play out.我们强迫自己坐到演出结束。
come by: to make a short visit to a place on one's way顺便拜访
例：I'll come by the house and get my stufflater，OK?我会顺便过来取材料，好吗?
by the minute: every minute，minute by minute一分钟一分钟地
例：I'm feeling better by the minute.我每分钟都感觉好多了。
on the verge of: on the edge of，on the brink of接近于，濒临于
例：Scientists are on the verge of a major breakthrou曲.科学家们即将取得一项重大突破。
break apart: break up into piecesdisintegrate裂开，分裂解散
例：The grounds broke apart in earthquake.地面在地震时裂开了。
break up: to break or make sth break into many small pieces分裂
例：The ice will break up when the warm weather comes. 天气转暖，冰层就会破裂。
come through: to continue to live，exist，be strong，or succeed after a difficuh or dangerous time经历过……仍活着，经历，脱险
例：John was so iu but he was lucky to come through.约翰病得很厉害，依然活着算是很幸运的了。
pitch in: to set to work energetically拼命于起来，开始大干特干
例：If we pitch in，we will have it finished in no time.我们如果拼命干活，就会马上做完
词汇(Vocabulary)
thread (v.) : pass through by twisting，turning，or weaving in and out穿过，通过
pomegranate (n.) : a round fruit with a red，leathery rind and many seeds covered with red，juicy，edible flesh;the bush or small tree that bears it石榴;石榴树
chant (n.) : a simple liturgical song in which a string of syllables or words is sung to each tune(礼拜仪式唱的)单调的歌
bier (n.) : a platform or portable framework on which a coffin or corpse is placed棺材架;尸体架
hack (v.) : break up(1and)with a hoe，mattock，etc.(用锄等)翻地，挖(土)
oblong (adj.) : longer than broad;elongated长方形的
lumpy (adj.) : full of lumps;covered with lumps多块状物的;凹凸不平的
hummocky (a.) : full of or looking like low，rounded hills布满小丘的;似小圆丘的
derelict (adj.) : deserted by the owner;abandoned;forsaken无主的;被遗弃的
lot (n.) : a plot of ground一块地
undifferentiated (adj.) : without clear qualities or distinctive characteristics无区别的;无显著特点的
mound (n.) : a heap or bank of earth，sand，etc.built over a grave，in a fortification，etc.土堆;堤;坟堆
prickly (adj.) : full of prickles多刺的
prickly pear : any of a genus of cactus plants having cylindrical or large，flat，oval stem joints and edible fruits仙人掌(属)
bumpy (adj.) : full of bumps;rough;jolting崎岖不平的;颠簸的;震摇的
gazelle (n.) : any of various small，swift，graceful antelopes瞪羚
hindquarter (n.) : either of the two hind legs and the adjoining loin of a carcass of veal，beef，lamb，etc.;[p1.]the hind part of a four-legged animal(牛、羊、猪等 的)后腿肉;[复](四肢动物的)后躯
nibble (v.) : take small，cautious，or gentle bites小口地咬;谨慎地咬(啃)
butt (v.) : strike or push with the head or horns：ram with the head(用头或角)撞击;顶撞
mid-air (n.) : any point in space，not in contact with the ground or other surface空中;上空
navvy (n.) : n unskilled laborer，as on canals，roads，etc.劳工;无特殊技术的工人
sidle (v.) : move sideways，esp.in a shy or stealthy manner(羞怯或偷偷地)侧身行走
stow (v.) : pack or store away;fill by packing in an orderly way装载;装进;收藏 municipality n.a city，town. etc.having its own incorporated government for local affairs自治市(或镇)
ghetto (n.) : (in certain European cities)a section to which Jews were formerly restricted(某些欧洲城市中从前的)犹太人居住区
sore (adj.) : giving or feeling physical pain;painful疼痛的;感到疼痛的
skull-cap (n.) : a light，closefitting，brimless cap，usually worn indoors(室内戴的)无沿便帽
infest (v.) : overrun or inhabit in large numbers，usually so as to be harmful or bothersome;swarm in or over(虫害等)侵扰;骚扰;蔓延
booth (n.) : a stall for the sale of goods，as at markets or fairs(市场或集市上的)货摊;摊店，摊棚
prehistoric (adj.) : pertaining to ancient times，very old-fashioned老式的;古旧的
warp (v.) : become bent or twisted out of shape变弯曲;变歪
frenzied (adj.) : full of uncontrolled excitement疯狂的，狂乱的
clamour (v.) : make a loud confused noise or shout;cry out喧嚷，喧嚣，吵闹
grope (v.) : feel or search about blindly，hesitantly，or uncertainly摸索;探索
self-contained (adj.) : having within oneself or itself all that is necessary;self-sufficient，as a community自给自足的
witchcraft (n.) : the power or practices of witches: black magic;sorcery巫术;魔法
square (adj.[colloq.]) : satisfying;solid;substantial[口]令人满意的;充实的
conspicuous (adj.) : attracting attention by being unexpected，unusual，outstanding惹人注目的，显眼的
grove (n.) : orchard果园
legionnaire (n.) : a member of a legion军团的成员
back-breaking (adj.) : requiring great physical exertion;very tiring费劲的;辛苦的，累人的
desolate (adj.) : uninhabited;deserted荒无人烟的，荒凉的
lucerne (n.) : a type of plant whose leaves grow in groups of three and which is used for feeding farm animals紫花苜蓿
fodder (n.) : gorse food for cattle，horses，sheep，etc. as cornstalks，hay and straw(牛、马、羊的)粗饲料;饲草
yoke (v.) : put a yoke on;join together;link用轭连起;连合;连结
harrow (n.) : a heavy frame with spikes or sharp-edged disks，drawn by a horse 0r tractor and used for breaking up and leveling plowed ground，covering seeds，rooting up weeds，etc.耙
furrow (n.) : a narrow groove made in the ground by a plow沟，畦;犁沟
trickle (n.) : the act of trickling;a slow，small flow滴，淌;细流 ;
subsoil (n.) : the layer of soil beneath the surface soil底土，下层土，
mummify (v.) : shrivel or dry up干瘪;枯干;成木乃伊状
hobble (v.) : go unsteadily，haltingly，etc.蹒跚
leathery (adj.) : 1ike leather in appearance or texture. tough and flexible(外观或质地)似皮革的;坚韧的，粗硬的
infuriate (v.) : cause to become very angry;enrage(使)发怒，激怒
-damnably (adv.) : execrably该诅咒地;极坏地
packsaddle (n.) : a saddle with fastenings to secure and balance the load carried by a pack animal驮鞍
bridle (n.) : a head harness for guiding a horse马勒
halter (n.) : a rope，cord，strap，etc.，usually with a headstall，for tying or leading an animal;a bitless headstall，with or without a lead rope缰绳;(马)笼头
gut (n.[usu.in p1.]) : the bowels;entrails[常用复]内脏
plight (n.) : condition or state of affairs;esp，now, an awkward.sad，or dangerous situation情况;状态;(现尤指)苦境;困境或险境
gall (v.) : injure or make sore by rubbing;chafe擦伤，擦痛;磨
stork (n.) : any of a family of large，long-legged，mostly old-world wading birds.having a long neck and bill，and related to the herons鹳
reach-me-down (adj.[colloq.]) : second-hand or ready-made(衣服)用旧的;别人用过的;现成的
khaki (adj.) : made of khaki(cloth)卡其(布)制的
squash (v.) : force one's way;squeeze挤进，挤入
slump (v.) : have a drooping posture or gait低头弯腰(而行);消沉
inquisitive (adj.) : inclined to ask many questions or seek information;eager to learn好询问的;好奇的
syphilis (n.) : an infectious venereal disease，caused by a spirochete and usually transmitted by sexual intercourse or acquired congenitally梅毒
garrison (n.) : troops stationed in a fort or fortified place驻军;卫戍部队
charger (n.) : a horse ridden in battle or on parade战马, 军马
短语 (Expressions)
square meal: a complete and satisfying meal美餐丰盛的、令人满足
in a cloud: a large number of small things moving through the air as amass一团
例： a cloud of locusts一群蝗虫
get at: to approach or reach到达，得到
例： You have to use a little ladder to get at the jars on the top shelves.你得使用一把小梯才可以拿到架子上面的坛子。
next door to: almost the same as几乎
例： Leaving a man to die is next door to murder.让一个人等死无异于谋杀。
in this connection: while speaking of such things关于这一点，就此而论
it doesn't matter twopence: it doesn't matter a bit无关紧要
例： It doesn't matter twopence if he doesn't accept the invita-tion.他接不接受邀请都不要紧。
词汇(Vocabulary)
intricate (adj) : hard to follow or understand because full of puzzling parts，details，or relationships错综复杂的;难以理解的，难懂的
indulge (v.) : give way to one's own desire尽情享受;从事于
meander (v.) : wander aimlessly or idly;ramble漫步;闲逛
conversationalist (n.) : a person who converses;esp.，one who enjoys and is skilled at conversation交谈者;(尤指)健谈者
anecdote (n.) : a short，entertaining account of some happening，usually personal or biographical轶事，逸事
intimate (n.) : a close friend or companion密友，知己
on the rocks　[colloq.] : in or into a condition of ruin or catastrophe (婚姻)破坏的;失败的
musketeer (n.) : (formerly)a soldier armed with a musket火枪手
delve (v.) : investigate for information;search发掘;调查(研究)
recess (n.) : a secluded，withdrawn，or inner place幽深处
desultorily (adv.) : aimlessly;at random随意地;无目的地
alchemy (n.) : an early form of chemistry，whose chief aims were to change baser metals into gold：a method or power of transmutation; esp. the seemingly miraculous change of a thing into something better炼金术;变化物质的方法或魔力
tart (adj.) : sharp in taste;sour;acid辛辣的;尖酸的;刻薄的
convict (n.) : a person found guilty of a crime and sentenced by a court罪犯
churl (n.) : a farm laborer;peasant农民;庄稼人，乡下人
rift (n.) : an open break in a previously friendly relationship分裂;失和
scamper (v.) : run or go hurriedly or quickly急驰，快跑
rendering (n.) : a translation翻译
bilingual (adj.) : of，in or using two languages(用)两种语言的
intercept (v.) : seize or stop on the way，before arrival at the intended place拦截;截断;截击。
abuse (v.) : use wrongly;use insulting，coarse or bad language;scold harshly滥用;辱骂，口出恶言
coin (v.) : make up;devise;invent(a new word，phrase，etc.)编造;杜撰(新词、新短语等)
tussle (v.) : fight，struggle，contend，etc.vigorously or vehemently斗争，搏斗;竞争
dandelion (n.) : any of several plants of the composite family，common lawn weeds with jagged leaves，often used as greens，and yellow flowers蒲公英(属)
pejorative (adj.) : disparaging or derogatory轻蔑的;贬低的
facetious (adj.) : joking or trying to be jocular，esp.at an imappropriate time滑稽的;诙谐的;(尤指在不适当的时候)开玩笑的
underling (n.) : a person in a subordinate position;inferior disparaging(通常作蔑词)下属;
edict (n.) : an official public proclamation or order issued by authority;decree法令;命令;布告
immune (adj.) : exempt from or protected against something disagreeable or harmful不受影响的;可避免的
ultimatum (n.) : a final offer or demand，esp.by one of the parties engaged in negotiations，the rejection of which usually leads to a break in relations and unilateral action，the use of force etc.by the party issuing the ultimatum最后通牒
chimpanzee (n.) anthropoid ape of Africa，with black hair and large，outstanding ears(非洲)黑猩猩
短语 (Expressions)
make a point: explain fully what one is proposing充分解释
例：