车辆工程专业英语复习资料.doc

专业英语单词
1. 3-way catalyst 三元催化转化剂
2. alternator 交流发电机
3. Anti-lock brake system防抱死系统
4. artic HGV=articulated HGV铰接式重型载货汽车
5. articulated vehicle 铰接式车辆
6. assembly 总成
7. at right angle 成直角
8. automatic transmission
9. bearing 轴承
10. bevel gear 锥齿轮
11. bonnet 发动机盖
12. bottom dead centre 下止点
13. brake shoe 制动蹄
14. bruise 撞伤,擦伤
15. bulge 凸出,隆起
16. bumper 保险杠
17. caliper 制动钳
18. camber 弯度,车轮外倾
19. camshaft 凸轮轴
20. canister 碳罐
21. capacitor 电容器
22. carbon monoxide 一氧化碳
23. cargo 货物
24. carriageway 车行道
25. caster 主销后倾
26. centrifugal 离心力
27. charge 充电
28. chassis 底盘
29. clutch 离合器
30. mercial vehicle 商用车辆
31. conductor 导体
32. console 托架
33. coolant 冷却剂
34. countershaft 中间轴
35. crankshaft 曲轴
36. crossply tyre 斜交轮胎
37. cross-sectional 截面得,断面得
38. curvature 弯曲,弧度
39. cylinder 气缸,柱体
40. dial 刻度盘
41. diaphragm 膜片
42. differential 差速器
43. dioxide 二氧化物
44. disc brake 盘式制动器
45. disc 圆盘
46. discharge 放电
47. DoT=Department of Transportation
运输部门
48. drawbar 牵引杆
49. driven member 从动件
50. driving member 主动件
51. driving wheel 驱动车轮
52. drum brake 鼓式制动器
53. drum 鼓,圆筒
54. dummy 模型,假人
55. dump truck 自卸载货汽车
56. dynamometer 测功机
57. electron 电子
58. engine 发动机
59. executive 经理
60. exhaust valve 排气阀
61. final drive 主传动,主减速器
62. flexible joint 万向节
63. fracture 折断,骨折
64. gear sector 齿扇
65. Hall effect 霍尔效应
66. handbrake 手制动
67. helmet 头盔,安全帽
68. HGV=Heavy Goods Vehicle
重型载货汽车
69. horn 喇叭
70. hydraulic system 液压系统
71. hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物
72. hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物
73. ignition coil 点火线圈
74. inflate 膨胀,加压
75. injector 喷油器
76. inlet valve 进气阀
77. input shaft 输入轴
78. instrument panel 仪表盘
79. intersection 交叉口
80. inversely proportional to
与……成反比
81. king pin 主销
82. lacerationn 划破,撕裂
83. LCV=Light mercial Vehicle
轻型商用车辆
84. LGV=Light Goods Vehicle
轻型载货汽车
85. logistics 后勤学,物流
86. lubricant 润滑剂
87. manifold 歧管,支管
88. master cylinder 主缸
89. metro 地下铁道
90. monoxide 一氧化物
91. moped 机动自行车
92. mpg=miles per gallon 英里/加仑
93. mph=miles per hour 英里/小时
94. neutral steer 中性转向
95. nose-to-tail collision 头尾相撞
96. occupant 占有者,乘员
97. off-centre 偏心得,不平衡得
98. oil filter 机油滤清器
99. oil pump 机油泵
100. output shaft 输出轴
101. oversteer 过度转向
102. overtake 超车
103. overturn 翻车
104. oxide 氧化物
105. oxides of nitrogen 氮氧化物
106. pattern tread 花纹胎面
107. pessess 具有,拥有
108. piston 活塞
109. planet gear 行星齿轮
110. pneumatic 气动得
111. pollision 碰撞,冲突
112. power steering 动力转向
113. pressure plate 压盘
114. propellor shaft 传动轴
115. PSV=Passenger Single Vehicle
单体式客运车辆
116. radial tyre 子午线轮胎
117. rake pad 制动片
118. recharge 再充电
119. refrigerate 制冷
120. resurgence 苏醒,复活
121. ring gear 齿圈
122. rocker 摇臂
123. roller brake testes 滚筒制动试验台
124. rotor转子
125. shock absorber 减震器
126. shoulder 路肩
127. sill 底梁
128. slave cylinder 辅助缸
129. smooth tread 无纹胎面
130. spark plug 火花塞
131. speedometer 速度计,里程计
132. sprain 扭伤
133. starter 起动机
134. stator 定子
135. steering arm 转向臂,梯形臂
136. steering assembly 转向总成
137. steering axis inclination 主销内倾
138. steering column 转向柱
139. steering knuckle 转向节
140. steering pump转向泵
141. steering wheel 转向盘
142. sulphide 硫化物
143. sun gear 太阳轮
144. suspension 悬架
145. tachograph 转速表
146. tanker 油罐汽车
147. the moment of inertia 转动惯量
148. the three way catalytic converter
三元催化转化器
149. thermostat 恒温器,节温器
150. throttle 节流阀
151. tie rod 横拉杆
152. toe-in 前束
153. tolerance 公差
154. top dead centre 上止点
155. torque converter 变矩器
156. torque convertor 变矩器
157. torque 转矩,扭矩
158. tractor 拖拉机,牵引车
159. trailer 挂车,拖车
160. transmission 传动系
161. truck deck 行李舱盖
162. turbine 涡轮(机)
163. twin wheel 双轮胎
164. understeer 不足转向
165. universal joint 万向节
166. vechicle dismantling 车辆分解
167. vehicle tracking system
车辆跟踪系统
168. washer 洗涤器
169. windscreen 风窗玻璃
170. wiper 刮水器
171. wormwheel蜗轮自动变速器
专业英语句子翻译
1. Each wheel has a brake assembly, of either the drum type or the disc type, hydraulically operated when the driver applies the foot brake pedal、每个车轮具有一个鼓式或盘式制动总成,当驾驶员踩脚制动踏板时,靠液力产生制动。
2. Flexible joints allow the rear axle and wheels to move up and down without affecting operation、万向节使得后桥与驱动轮上下移动而不影响操作。
3. It is essentially a double-hinged joint through which the driving shaft can transmit power to the driven shaft, even though the two shafts are somewhat out of line with each other、它实质上就是一个双铰链连接,驱动轴能通过它把动力传给被动轴,尽管这两根轴并不完全在一条直线上。
4. Power is transferred from the engine to the transmission, where it is routed through different gear ratios to obtain the best speed and power to start and keep the vehicle moving、动力通过发动机传到传动系,通过它发送不同得齿轮比来获得最好得速度与动力就是汽车起步与保持车辆行驶。
5. The engine crankshaft being arranged at right angles to the rear axle、 It follows that at the back axle some form of gearing must be provided to transmit the power to each of the rear wheels, and at right angles tode propeller shaft、发动机曲轴与后轴成直角,因此必须在后轴上安装某种类型得齿轮装置,以便把动力传递到其轴线与传动轴成直角得每个后轮上。
6. The main purpose of the gearbox is to provide a selection of gear ratios between the engine and driving wheels, so that the vehicle can operate satisfactorily under all driving conditions、变速器或变矩器得主要作用就是在发动机与驱动轮间具有一个可选择得齿轮比,以便车辆可以在各种运行工况下满意地工作。
专业英语段落翻译
1. A quality system is one where problems, queries, faults, and anything which could give rise to customer dissatisfaction or plaint ,are identified and eliminated、质量系统就是发现与消除问题,质询,缺陷与任何引起顾客不满或抱怨得事情得系统。
2. A bination of walking , cycling and public transport ……、、 on private cars , and it is less harmful for the human and natural envinnment、结合步行,骑自行车与公共交通,但就是,可以创建一个运输系统与基于私人汽车得系统竞争就是对人类得自然环境危害较小得
3. Although not in general used for piling national statstics, an alternative scale for classifying injury is used for research purpose ,in which injuries are usually divided into seven levels、另一个伤害分类方法尽管一般不用作汇编国内统计资料,但被用于研究目得,该方法把伤害划分为7个等级。
4. Basically,an isolated car cruising down a quiet country lane is almost harmless,The problem is millions of cars on city streets and thoroughfares the whole world over、基本上,一个单独得汽车在一条香脆线路上行驶就是没什么危害得。问题就是整个世界得在城市街道与大道上成千上万得汽车。
5. Cars and other motor vehicles are constructed from a plex mix of raw materials……、、Other meta metals are also important , but to differing degrees、汽车与其她机动车车辆就是由一个复杂得混合型原料构成得。机动机就是以大量得钢铁形式---它主要用于车身外壳,轮子,传动系统与部分得发动机。但就是在不同程度上,其她金属也很重要。
6. Electricity is the flow of electrons、 They are forced to move by electrical pressure……and by magnetic induction in the alternator、电就是电子得波动,电子在电压得作用下移动。电子流经贿赂得数量叫做安倍数。在汽车中,电压得产生就是通过蓄电池里得化学作用与交流发电机里得磁感应。
7. Every vehicle must have a parking brake system to prevent at least two wheels from turning when it is not being driven、每辆车必须具有停车制动系统,当不驱动时,至少防止两个车轮转动。
8. Fuel consumption is substantially related to the type of vehicle, its power unit and drive line, its mechanical condition, the use to which it is put and how it is driven、燃油消耗实际上与汽车类型,动力装置与传动系统,机械状况,用途与驾驶方法有关。
9. In order to transmit the power of the engine to the road wheels of a motor car,a drivetrain is normally employed、 Although the details of the drivetrains vary widely in different types of cars,the general principles are the same in all cases、为了将汽车得动力传递到轮胎上,通常会设置一个动力传动系统,即使传动系统在不同得车型上在细节方面有着广泛得不同,但就是原理就是基本相同得。
10. It is clear that motor industry has a huge impact on the environment-not only ……、 On the motor vehicle partly or wholly for their existence很明显,汽车工业对环境有巨大得影响,不仅它本身通过其她产品与排放从自己工厂生产得废品,但由于工业依赖于部分或全部得机动车而存在。
11. It is essential that vehicles arrive at the test of a vehicle can mean cancellation of the test and the fee will be forfetted unless an aueptable reason citing”exceptional circumstances” is put forward、至关重要得就是,汽车在约定得时间到达测试站。迟到或未到意味着取消检测,若不能提出在“例外情况”中列举得可接受得原因,则将被罚税。
12. It is not possible to pare directly the amount of emissions put out by, ……、 Ways and the results geven in different units、直接比较由一辆汽油一辆柴油公共汽车产生得排放量就是不可能得,因为它们得发动机排放量得检测采用方法就是不同得方法,试验结果所用单位也不同。
13. It is that to allow the engine to continue running when the vehicle es to a stop、当车辆停止时,允许引擎继续运行。
14. It is this bimation of factors that has led to the resurgence of interest in Light Rail、正就是许多因素得综合导致了轻轨行业得复活。
15. Most goods vehicles are required to be tested annually ……、。 In particular, this annual inspection is intended to determine whether vehicles and trailers meet the standards specified in the Road Vehicles(Construction and Use) Regulations 1986(as amended)大多数商品车辆每年需要进行测试,以确保它们在路上得操作就是安全得与机械条件符合相关法律要求。特别就是,这个年度检查就是为了确定汽车与拖车就是否符合指定得1986年在道路车辆法规得标准。
16. Once a goods vehicle or trailer has been built and put into service, it is the operator as the vehicle user who must then ensure that it plies fully with the law regarding its construction and use when on the road、一旦一辆载货汽车或拖车被制造并投入使用,当其在道路上时,作为汽车使用者得驾驶人员必须确保其完全符合于结构与使用得法规。
17. One example of the way that ……and locking the sun gear so that it can’t move、使用该系统使用方法得一个例子就是接合齿圈与发动机输入轴,结合行星支座与输出轴,并锁止太阳齿轮使之不能转动。
18. Protective measures for car occupant are of two kinds:1、devices which restrain and control the movement of the occupants, bringing his body to rest by applying as little force as possible and preventing impacts with the interior of the car, and 2、alterations to the construction of the car、对汽车乘员得保护措施有两类;1、通过施加尽可能小得作用力,限制与控制乘员得运动,从而防止其与汽车内部碰撞得装置;2、汽车结构上得改造。
19. Stiff tyres at the front and soft ones at the rear or a center of gravity too far to the rear result in oversteer ,so that the rear tends to swing round in cornering, with possible instability in cornering or manoeuvring、刚性大得轮胎装在前轮,刚性小得轮胎装在后轮,或重心离后轮太远导致过多转向,在转弯时后轮易于滑转,在转弯操作时可能失去稳定。
20. Such legislation will provide a tremendous boost for alternative technologies , …………, of their internal bustion counterparts、这样得立法将提供一个代替技术得巨大推进,例如电动汽车,否则不会介绍了吗。然而,电动汽车不就是灵丹妙药,因为它们得广泛使用将要求运输基础设施及安全法规得变更;并且,到目前为止,电动汽车还不具备有与之相对应得内燃机所具有得性能与品种
21. The brakes function by absorbing in friction the energy possessed by the moving car、In so doing they convert the energy into heat、制动器通过摩擦得形式吸收运动车辆所具有得能量而起作用,并把这些能量转化为热能。
22. The braking system on a vehicle has three main functions、 ……; it must be able to stop the car in as short distance as possible; it must be able to hold the vehicle stationary、 The braking action is achieved as a result of the friction developed by forcing a stationary surface into contact with a rotating surface、汽车得刹车系统主要有三个作用必要时,能够减速;能使汽车在尽可能短得距离停止;能够使汽车固定。刹车行为能够实现得原因就是一个固定表面与它接触得滑动表面产生得摩擦力。
23. The difference with a torque converter is that instead of using air,it uses oil or trainsmission fluid,to be more precise、变矩器得不同在于,它采用机油或变速器油使之更为精确。
24. The engine is a self-contained power unit which converts the heat energy of fuel into mechanical energy for moving the vehicle、 ……。 The burning of the fuel causes a rapid rise in cylinder pressure which is converted to useful mechanical energy by the piston and crank-shaft、发动机就是一个将燃料得热能转变为机械能来驱动汽车得独立得动力模块。发动机被称为内燃机就是因为燃料在内部被燃烧。在内燃机中,一股空气燃料混合气被吸入到一个封闭得气缸,在那里,它被压缩并点燃。燃烧得燃料产生一种迅速升高得气缸压力通过活塞与曲轴转变为有用得机械能。
25. The front wheels are arranged at various angles to the car frame provide good steering control and stability、前轮被安排在不同得角度对车架提供良好得转向控制与稳定
26. The fuel may be ignited either by a spark or by pression gaving rise to classifications of sparking-ignition and pression-ignition engines、燃油可以由火花或者通过压缩点燃,从而产生火花点燃式与压燃式两种类型得发动机。
27. The moderm automatic transmission cosists of many……individuals consider to be an art form、 自动变速器由许多部件与机构构成,它们在一个智能化机-电-液系统中协调工作,经过许多年得发展,许多热衷于机械得人认为该系统已经发展成为艺术产品。
28. The modern automatic transmission is by far,the most plicated mechanical ponent in today’s automobile、Automatic transmissions contain mechanical systems,hydraulic systems,electrical systems and puter controls,all working together in perfect harmony which goes virtually unnoticed until there is a problem、 现代得自动变速器在迄今为止得自动汽车中具有最复杂得结构。自动变速器控制机械系统、液压系统、电气系统与计算机控制系统使其完美配合工作
29. The most general characteristics of roads are their widths in terms of numbers of lanes ,whether opposing carriageways are separated ,other cross-sectional characteristics, and their horizontal vertical curvatures、道路最一般得特征为它们得宽度及车道数,反向车道就是否分隔,其她横断面特征,平曲率与纵曲率。
30. The most important types of accident from the point of view of injury are first , ……, prising frontal collisions with rigid objects in single vehicle accidents, frontal or rear-end collisions with other vehicles, ……; second, side impacts mainly at intersections;and third, overturning、从伤害得观点瞧,最重要得事故类型首先就是导致正面碰撞得事故,包括与固定物碰撞得单车事故,与其她车辆得正面或追尾碰撞与在交叉口与其她车辆得碰撞;其次为主要发生在交叉口得侧面碰撞;再次为倾翻。
31. The power steering gear also uses a control valve to send hydraulic fluid into the steering gear at the right time……into the main chamber of the steering gear、动力转向装置还能使用一个控制阀将液压油传递到、在正确得时间传递给转向齿轮。当转向盘开始向某个方向转动时,阀门通道开启,把液压油输送到转向装置得主室。
32. There are two types of brakes,the drum brake and disc brake、Either or both types may be fitted、But where both types are used it is usual for the disc brakes to be fitted to the front wheels有两种刹车类型,盘式制动与鼓式制动。或者两种都会安装,但在使用两种类型制动器得车上,盘式制动器通常安装在前轮。
33. To investigate the environmental impact of motorized transport we have identified three different areas of activity in the life of a car: car production, car use and car disposal or recycling、对于交通工具对环境影响得调查,我们已经提出了一个整车寿命中三种不同得活动范围:汽车生产,使用,处理或回收。
34. Today’s average car contains more than 15,000 separate, individual parts that must work together、 These parts can be grouped into four major categories: engine, body, chassis and electrical equipment、现今平均每辆汽车包含超过15,000个不同、单独得但必须一起工作得部分。这些部分能够被分为四个主要类别:发动机、车身、底盘与电子设备。
35. Vehicles must not stop on motorways except through mechanical defect or lack of fuel , water or oil, due to an accident, the illness of a person in the vehicle or for other emergency situation(……),to permit a person from the vehicle to recover or remove objects from the carriageway、除了由于机械故障或缺乏燃油,水或润滑油,由于事故,车内人员生病或其她紧急情况(包括在紧急情况下为她人提供帮助),以及为了下车搬去车行道上得物体外,车辆不应停在高速公路上。
36. While the search for and research into acceptable alternative fuels and power units goes on , it is important to take steps to minimize consumption of our present fuel supplies、而寻找与研究可接受得替代燃料与动力单元仍在继续,重要得就是要采取措施减少我们目前得燃料供应消费。
37. Women failed to see hazards more frequently,were less skilful and less able to execute difficult manoeuvres , …、、、 , overtake improperly and be under the influence of alcohol、妇女不能瞧到危险得情况较多,较不熟练,进行困难操作得能力不足;而男子则更可能会超速行驶与不恰当得超车,且易受酒精影响。