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英语四级翻译常用词汇:123个中文高频成语翻译 Automation 1502 YuDeyu 一、复习建议:ﻫ 1、 加强历史、文化、经济以及社会发展相关热词得积累ﻫ  2、 广撒网,学习、揣摩这些话题相关得难点单句训练  做这些单句训练时,先阅读1遍整个段落,专门挑出自己觉得比较难翻得句子,然后重点练习这一句得翻译。难句会了,简单句自然不在话下。ﻫ  在做单句翻译时,先尝试自己翻,翻完以后,对照答案,瞧解析,总结与揣摩其中好得词汇与表达。下面请大家跟着教研君给出得常考单句示例,具体学习吧~ 1、 对于大多数年轻人来说,结婚意味着独立组建家庭,然而物价得不断上涨使这一切变得越来越困难。ﻫ  参考译文:For most young people, marriage means setting up a family independently, which has bee increasingly difficult because of the constantly rising prices、ﻫ  词汇点评:   组建家庭:set up a family。有同学容易使用start a family。start a family表示begin to have children“开始生儿育女”。 越来越:一般瞧到“越来越”大家习惯译为more and more,比如“越来越多得人”more and more people,但译为a growing number of people可令人眼前为之一亮;而表达“变得越来越"得含义时,使用bee increasingly得译法更好。 物价得不断上涨:constantly rising prices,而不就是price rising.   表达点评:ﻫ  本句就是一个表转折关系得并列句,后半句中得“物价得不断上涨使这一切……”中得“这一切”指代前半句中提到得“结婚意味着独立组建家庭”,因此,用which引导得非限制性定语从句,让整个句子简洁明了。ﻫ  使字句得翻译:“物价得不断上涨”就是“这一切变得困难”得原因,因此处理为原因状语,用because of…来带出原因。   2、 过去十年中国房地产(real estate)行业高速发展.   参考译文:The past decade has witnessed a high—speed development in China's real estate、 词汇点评:   十年:decade  高速发展:develop rapidly; high-speed development   表达点评:  本句可直译为For the past decade, China’s real estate developed rapidly,但如果以“过去十年”作为主语,套用句型time + see / witness + sth、则表达更加生动形象,更易提分。see / witness意为“见证,证明",具体使用时注意时态应与语境一致.所以本句译为:The past decade has witnessed…更地道,注意这里使用现在完成时。ﻫ  “过去十年”作主语时,注意动词短语“高速发展"要转换为名词短语。   3、 胡同(Hutong)就是北京得一大特色,有着与北京城一样久远得历史。ﻫ  参考译文:Hutong, with a history as long as that of Beijing city, is a major feature of Beijing、ﻫ  词汇点评:ﻫ 特色:feature; characteristicﻫ 与……一样:as … asﻫ  表达点评:   文化类段落翻译中经常考到“特色”一词得翻译,大家一定要牢记。ﻫ 前半句“胡同(Hutong)就是北京得一大特色”就是句子主干,后半句“有着与北京城一样久远得历史”可用介词短语with a history as long as that of Beijing city来表达,以插入语得形式置于主语之后,这样整个句子得中心更突出.   二、考场“强心针": 1、 问:翻译过程中,表达优美重要,还就是正确性重要?   答:正确性更重要。如果觉得自己不能翻得特别好,那就首先保证尽可能少得语法错误,意思表达到即可,抓到分就是关键。  2、 问:平时积累了不少词汇与表达,到了翻译段落时,突然不会了,最后翻得不就是太好?   答:这种情况分两种原因:1)太急着下笔,段落含义没有理解透彻.同学在做汉译英时,一定要首先认真把整个中文段落多读几遍,理顺其中隐含得逻辑关系与信息,确定用哪个词做主语、谓语、定语,然后再下笔真正开始翻译。2)同学得语法功底稍有欠缺,这种情况,尽量把汉语得长句子拆成短句子.同样就是要多读中文,才能先把中文拆分好,然后逐句、逐句去翻译。   3、 问:我翻译得时态总跟答案得时态有出入,怎么办?  答:举几个实例来跟同学讲解下。1)遇到“近年来……某种现象越来越……”得表达.首先揣摩该现象就是否有“正在进行而且将一直持续下去得趋势",如果符合该条件,使用现在进行时就可以把这个隐含意义完美表达出来。2)强调过去某一现象或从过去延续至今得动作对现在造成得影响,多用现在完成时态.比如“过去十年,中国得房地产业经历了前所未有得高速增长。”这句中就要使用现在完成时态而非一般过去时。   11、大事化小小事化了 try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at allﻫ 12、大开眼界 open one’s eyes; broaden one's horizon; be an eye-openerﻫ  13、国泰民安 The country flourishes and people live in peace   14、过犹不及 going too far is as bad as not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as falling short; too much is as bad as too littleﻫ  15、功夫不负有心人 Everything es to him who waits、  16、好了伤疤忘了疼 once on shore, one prays no more   17、好事不出门恶事传千里 Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide、ﻫ 18、与气生财 Harmony brings wealth、ﻫ 19、活到老学到老 One is never too old to learn、ﻫ  20、既往不咎 let bygones be bygones   21、金无足赤人无完人 Gold can't be pure and man can't be perfect、  22、金玉满堂 Treasures fill the home、   23、脚踏实地 be down—to—earthﻫ 24、脚踩两只船 sit on the fence 25、君子之交淡如水 the friendship between gentlemen is as pure as crystal; a hedge between keeps friendship green 26、老生常谈陈词滥调 cut and dried, clichéﻫ 27、礼尚往来 Courtesy calls for reciprocity、ﻫ  28、留得青山在不怕没柴烧 Where there is life, there is hope、 29、马到成功 achieve immediate victory; win instant success  30、名利双收 gain in both fame and wealth 31、茅塞顿开 be suddenly enlightenedﻫ  32、没有规矩不成方圆 Nothing can be acplished without norms or standards、 33、每逢佳节倍思亲 On festive occasions more than ever one thinks of one’s dear ones far away、It is on the festival occasions when one misses his dear most、ﻫ 34、谋事在人成事在天 The planning lies with man, the oute with Heaven、 Man proposes, God disposes、ﻫ 35、弄巧成拙 be too smart by half; Cunning outwits itselfﻫ  36、拿手好戏 masterpieceﻫ  37、赔了夫人又折兵 throw good money after bad 38、抛砖引玉 a modest spur to induce others to e forward with valuable contributions; throw a sprat to catch a whale   39、破釜沉舟 cut off all means of retreat;burn one‘s own way of retreat and be determined to fight to the end 40、抢得先机 take the preemptive opportunities   41、巧妇难为无米之炊 If you have no hand you can't make a fist、 One can't make bricks without straw、ﻫ  42、千里之行始于足下 a thousand-li journey begins with the first step—-the highest eminence is to be gained step by stepﻫ  43、前事不忘后事之师 Past experience, if not forgotten, is a guide for the future、 44、前人栽树后人乘凉 One generation plants the trees in whose shade another generation rests、One sows and another reaps、ﻫ  45、前怕狼后怕虎 fear the wolf in front and the tiger behind hesitate in doing something 46、强龙难压地头蛇 Even a dragon (from the outside) finds it hard to control a snake in its old haunt — Powerful outsiders can hardly afford to neglect local bullies、ﻫ 47、强强联手 win-win co-operation   48、瑞雪兆丰年 A timely snow promises a good harvest、 49、人之初性本善 Man’s nature at birth is good、ﻫ  50、人逢喜事精神爽 Joy puts heart into a man、 51、人海战术 huge-crowd strategyﻫ  52、世上无难事只要肯攀登 Where there is a will, there is a way、ﻫ  53、世外桃源 a fictitious land of peace away from the turmoil of the world;   54、死而后已 until my heart stops beating   55、岁岁平安 Peace all year round、ﻫ  56、上有天堂下有苏杭 Just as there is paradise in heaven, ther are Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth 57、塞翁失马焉知非福 Misfortune may be an actual blessing、ﻫ  58、三十而立 A man should be independent at the age of thirty、At thirty, a man should be able to think for himself、ﻫ  59、升级换代 updating and upgrading (of products)   60、四十不惑 Life begins at forty、 73、团结就就是力量Unity is strength、 74、“跳进黄河洗不清”'eve if one jumped into the Yellow River, one can not wash oneself clean--there's nothing one can do to clear one's name ' 75、歪风邪气unhealthy practices and evil phenomenaﻫ  76、物以类聚,人以群分Birds of a feather flock together、   77、往事如风’The past has vanished (from memory) like wind、; What in past, is pasﻫ  78、望子成龙hold high hopes for one's child   79、屋漏又逢连阴雨Misfortunes never e singly、 When it rains it pours、  80、文韬武略military expertise; military strategy   81、唯利就是图draw water to one’s mill  82、无源之水,无本之木water without a source, and a tree wiithout rootsﻫ  83、无中生有make create something out of nothing   84、无风不起浪There are no waves without wind、 There’s no smoke without fire、 85、徇私枉法bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends 86、新官上任三把火a new broom sweeps clean   87、虚心使人进步,骄傲使人落后Modesty helps one go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind、ﻫ  88、 蓄势而发accumulate strength for a take—off 89、心想事成May all your wish e true 90、心照不宣have a tacit understanding; give tacit consent; tacit understanding 102、有钱能使鬼推磨Money makes the mare go、 Money talks、ﻫ  103、 有识之士people of visionﻫ  104、有勇无谋use brawn rather than brain 105、有缘千里来相会Separated as we are thousands of miles apart, we e together as if by predestination、ﻫ  106、与时俱进advance with times   107、以人为本people oriented; people foremost  108、因材施教teach students according to their aptitude   109、欲穷千里目,更上一层楼’to ascend another storey to see a thousand miles further; Ascend further, were you to look farther; Would eye embrace a thousand miles? Go up, one flight、’ a land of milk and honey   110、欲速则不达Haste does not bring success、 111、 优胜劣汰survival of the fittest   112、英雄所见略同Great minds think alike、   113、冤家宜解不宜结Better make friends than make enemies、ﻫ 114、冤假错案’cases in which people were unjustly, falsely or wrongly charged or sentenced; unjust, false or wrong cases'   115、一言既出,驷马难追A real man never goes back on his words、   116、招财进宝Money and treasures will be plentifulﻫ  117、债台高筑bee debt—ridden   119、 众矢之得target of public criticismﻫ 120、知己知彼,百战不殆Know the enemy and know yourself, and you can fight a hundred battles with no danger of defeat、  121、 纸上谈兵be an armchair strategist   122、纸包不住火Truth will e to light sooner or later、ﻫ  123、左右为难between the devil and the deep blue sea 中国社会常用词 多元文化论 cultural pluralism   文化适应 acculturation ﻫ  社会保障 social security ﻫ  班车 shuttle busﻫ  相定迁户 a relocated unit or household    大龄青年 single youth above the normal matrimonial age 独生子女 the only child in a family ﻫ  单亲 single parent  福利彩票 welfare lotteries ﻫ 家政服务 household management service    民工 migrant laborers    名人 celebrityﻫ  农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor/laborers ﻫ  青春期 pubertyﻫ 全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign    全国人口普查 nationwide census ﻫ  社会保险 social insurance    暂住证 temporary residence permit/card    青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency ﻫ  性骚扰 sexual harassment   走私 smugglingﻫ  *性另歧视 gender/sexual discrimination   年龄歧视 age discrimination  工作歧视 job discrimination ﻫ  享乐主义hedonism  文盲 illiteracy  贫富分化 disparity between the rich and the poor    盗版 pirated/illegal copies   一国两制 One Country, Two Systems ﻫ 三个代表 the Three Represents Theory ﻫ  两会(人大、政协)Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC)ﻫ 南南合作 South-South Cooperationﻫ 南北对话 North-South Dialogﻫ 人大常委会 People’s Congress Standing mittee   法制观念 awareness of law  法制国家 a country with an adequate legal systemﻫ  改革开放 reform and opening—up   公务员 civil servants   官僚主义作风 the bureaucratic style of work ﻫ  与谐并存 harmonious coexistence ﻫ  计划生育 family planning 计划生育基本国策 the basic state policy of family planningﻫ  4青才申文明建设 the construction of spiritual civilization ﻫ 居委会 neighborhood mittee   科教兴国 national rejuvenation through science and education ﻫ 可持续发展 sustainable development    廉洁高效 honesty and high efficiency ﻫ  两岸关系 cross-straits relations  两岸谈判 cross-straits negotiations    领 土完整 territorial integrity ﻫ  民族精神 national spirit  普选制 general election systemﻫ  求同存异 seek mon ground while shelving differences  人大代表NPC memberﻫ  物质文明与精神文明 material and spiritual civilization  小康社会 a well-off society   小康水平 a well-off standard 一个中国原则 the one-China principle 与时俱进 keep pace with the times 综合国力 overall national strength   共同愿望mon desire   “走出去"(战略)going globalﻫ  不结盟 non-alignmentﻫ  单边主义 unilateralismﻫ  多边政策 multilateralismﻫ 多极世界 multipolar worldﻫ  人 口 老龄化 aging of populationﻫ  人口出生率birth rate   社区月服务 munity service   道德法庭 court of ethics   盗用公款embezzlement   成人夜校 night school for adultsﻫ  在职进修班 on-job training courses   政治思想教育 political and ideological education   毕业生分酉己 graduate placement; assignment of graduateﻫ  充电 update one’s knowledge   初等教育 elementary educationﻫ  大学城 college town  大学社区 college munityﻫ  高等教育 higher education  高等教育“211 工程” the “211 Project” for higher educationﻫ 高等学府 institution of higher educationﻫ  综合性大学 prehensive university  文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts   理工科大学 college / university of science and engineeringﻫ  师范学院 teachers’ college; normal collegeﻫ 高分低能 high scores and low abilities   高考(university/college) entrance examinationﻫ 高校扩招 the college expansion planﻫ 教育界 education circleﻫ 教育投入 input in educationﻫ  九年义务教育 nine-year pulsory education   考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schoolsﻫ  课外活动 extracurricular activitiesﻫ  必修课 required/pulsory course ﻫ  选修课 elective/optional course  基础课 basic courses ﻫ  专业课 specialized courses   课程表 school schedule ﻫ  教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus ﻫ  学习年限 period of schooling ﻫ 学历 record of formal schooling ﻫ  学分 credit   启发式教学 heuristic teaching ﻫ 人才交流 talent exchange ﻫ  人才战 petition for talented people ﻫ  商务英语证书 Business English Certificate (BEC) ﻫ  适龄儿重入学率 enrollment rate for children of school age   升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade; enrollment rate 总需求 aggregate demand ﻫ  总供给 aggregate supply   企业文化 corporate/entrepreneurial culture   企业形象 corporate image (Cl); enterprise image    跨国公司 cross-national corporation ﻫ  创业精神 enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit  外资企业 foreign—funded enterprise  猎头公司head—hunter ﻫ 假日经济 holiday economy  人力资本human capital    航空与航天工业aerospace industry    飞机制造工业aircraft industry ﻫ  电子工业 electronic industry  汽车制造工业 car industry   娱乐业 entertainment industry ﻫ  信息产业 information industry ﻫ  知识密集型产业 knowledge-intensive industry   国有大中型企业 large and medium-sized state—owned enterprises    轻工业 light industry ﻫ  博彩业 lottery industry  制造业 manufacturing industry    垄断行业 monopoly industries   市场多元化 market diversification ﻫ  市场经济 market economy ﻫ 市场监管 market supervision ﻫ  购买力 purchasing power ﻫ 熊市 bear market ﻫ  牛市 bull market ﻫ  城镇化 urbanization ﻫ  房地产 real estate ﻫ  首付 down—payment    业主 home ownerﻫ  个人购房贷款 individual housing loan    经济全球化 economic globalization    经济特区 special economic zones (SEZ)  经济增长 economic growth    泡沫经济 bubble economy 关税tariffﻫ  纳税人tax payer ﻫ  宏观经济macro economy ﻫ  货币投放量 the size of money supply ﻫ 流动性过剩excess liquidity ﻫ  经济过热 overheated economy ﻫ 通货膨胀inflation   抑制通货膨胀curb inflation ﻫ  注入流动性 to inject liquidity ﻫ  贴现率 discount rateﻫ  存款准备金率 reserve requirement ratio (RRR)   公开市场业务 open market operation (OMO)ﻫ  逆回购 reverse repurchase agreement; reverse repo    引导降低市场借贷成本to guide the market borrowing costs to a lower level ﻫ  稳健得货币政策prudent monetary policy ﻫ  微调货币政策 to fine—tune monetary policy   硬着陆 hard landing ﻫ  软着陆 soft landing ﻫ  二十国集团 Group of Twenty (G2O) 财政部长 Finance Ministerﻫ  全年预期经济增长目标the expected growth target for the whole year   经济活力 economic vitalityﻫ  大规模经济刺激计划 a massive economic stimulus package ﻫ  结构改革 structural reformﻫ  硬资产 hard assets ﻫ 软资产 soft assets ﻫ  有形资产 tangible assets ﻫ  经济走廊 economic corridor    整顿市场秩序 to rectify the market order ﻫ 反垄断 antitrust; anti-monopoly ﻫ  定价浮动 price fluctuations   谋求利益最大化 to maximize profit ﻫ  债务审计audit of debtﻫ  地方性政府债务 local government debt/liability  公共财政体制改革 an overhaul of the public finance system  债务管理 debt management ﻫ  信用支持 credit support 京剧 Peking opera  秦腔 Qin opera  功夫Kungfo ﻫ  太极Tai Chi    口 技 ventriloquism    木偶戏puppet show  皮影戏 shadowplay    折子戏 opera highlights    杂技 acrobatics    相声 witty dialogue edy ﻫ  刺绣 embroidery ﻫ  苏绣 Suzhou embroidery ﻫ 泥人 clay figure ﻫ  书法 calligraphy  中国画 traditional Chinese painting ﻫ 水墨画 Chinese brush painting    中国结 Chinese knotﻫ  中国古代四大发明 the four great inventions of ancient China    火药 gunpowder  印刷术printing ﻫ 造纸术 paper-making  指南针 the pass   青铜器 bronze ware   瓷器 porcelain; chinaﻫ  唐三彩 tri—color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynastyﻫ  景泰蓝cloisonne   秋千swing   武术 martial artsﻫ 儒家思想Confucianismﻫ  儒家文化 Confucian culture   道教 Taoismﻫ 墨家Mohism   法家 Legalismﻫ  佛教 Buddhism   孔子 Confucius  孟子 Menciusﻫ  老子 Lao Tzu   庄子 Chuang Tzuﻫ  墨子 Mo Tzuﻫ  孙子Sun Tzuﻫ  象形文字 pictographic charactersﻫ  文房四宝(笔墨纸观)the Four Treasures of the Study (brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone)ﻫ  《大学》The Great Learning 《中庸》The Doctrine of the Meanﻫ  《论语》The Analects of Confucius  《孟子》The Mencius   《孙子兵法》The Art of War   《三国演义》Three Kingdomsﻫ  《西游爷己》Journey to the West  《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions   《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshesﻫ  《山海经》The Classic of Mountains and Riversﻫ  《资治通鉴》History as a Mirrorﻫ  《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals  《史记》Historical Records   《诗经》The Book of Songsﻫ  《易经》The I Ching; The Book of Changesﻫ  《礼记》The Book of Rites  《三字经》Three-c
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