情态动词全部.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,情态动词用法,情态动词的语法特征,情态动词有词义吗？,情态动词有人称和数的变化吗？,3.,情态动词有时态吗？,4.,情态动词能单独做谓语吗？,情态动词的语法特征,情态动词,有一定的词义,，表示某种情绪或,态度，表示可能、愿望、必要、允许、能力等。,2.情态动词,没有人称和数的变化,，即不随主语的不同而变化。,3.must,need没有时态，但有些情态动词如,can、may,will,have to有一般式和过去式,的变化。,4.情态动词,不能单独做谓语,，必须和实义动词原形一起构成谓语。,情态动词的,“,时态,”,形式并不是时间区别的主要标志,不少情况下,情态动词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。,can/could,1)表示能力。意思为,“,能够、会,”,，could表示过去的能力，can表示现在的能力。,He,could,play the piano at the age of 6.,A computer,cant,think for itself.,表示能力:,can,could,be able to,1)时态上：,2)意义上：,be able to,能用于,各种时态,。,can/could,只能表示,现在,或,过去,的能力。,can/could,表示个人有某种能力,was/were able to,:,表示某人通过努力,克服困难做成某事,“,设法做成某事,”,相当于：,managed to do sth.,succeeded in doing sth.,。,如：,_ you understand the meaning of this sentence?,In the fire,he,_,escape from the burning building.,2）,表示,请求和允许,。,You,can,go with them if you like.,-,Could/Can,I have a look at your new design?,-Yes,of course you,can,.,(,注意此处答语不能用could,),表示请求，口语中常用could代替can，使语气更委婉。,3）,用在,肯定句,中，表示_,Anybody,can,make mistakes.,Driving on the snowy roads,can,be very dangerous.,客观上有可能,4）,表示主观的_，主要用在,否定句和疑问句中。,It,ca,n,t,be,Mary,.,Sh,e,is in Shanghai now.,猜测,表示推测时，,could,不是过去式,，只是语气更委婉,It,couldn,t,be Dad.He won,t be back this time of evening.,1.A computer _ think for itself;it must,be told what to do.,A.can,t B.couldn,t,C.may not D.might not,2.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly,but everyone _ get out.,A.had to B.would,C.could D.was able to,3.-Could I borrow your dictionary?-Yes,of course you_,A.might,B.will,C.can,D.could,4.Mary _ speak three languages.,5.Children _ dress up and go to their neighbours,homes to ask for sweets.,6.Traffic accidents _ happen in such snowy weather.,7.It _,be Mary.She has fallen ill.,能力,许可,客观上的可能性,推测,2.may/might,1)表示,允许，许可,，might用于过去时,May,I come in?,He said I,might,use his pen.,-,May,I borrow your bike?,肯定答语,否定答语,-Yes,you,may,./You,can,./,Certainly,./,Sure,.,-No,you,mustn,t,./No,you,can,t./You,d better not.,表许可时，等同于,can/could,2)表示,主观的可能性,，,might比may可能性更小。,It,may,be true.,He,might,not come today.,May,the new year bring you peace,joy and happiness.,(3),表示愿望,May,you succeed!,May,you have a good journey!,祝你旅行开心！,祝你成功！,Some festivals are held to satisfy the ancestors,who,might,return either to help or to do harm.,推测,-Excuse me.Is this the right way to the,Summer Palace?,-Sorry,I am not sure,but it _be.,A.might B will C.must D.can,-Are you coming to Jeffs party?-Im not sure.I _go to the concert instead.,A,must B,would,C,should D,might,翻译,-,我能在这个房间抽烟吗？,.-,可以。,-,不行，,-Might/May I smoke in this room?,-Yes,you can.,-No,you mustn,t,1.表示意愿，,will,表示现在的意愿,，,would,表示过去的意愿。,I,will,stick to my plan though all of you are against it.,I told him to give up smoking,but he,wouldn,t,listen,.,3.,will/would,2.,用于,第二人称表示请求、建议,等，,would,比,will,语气委婉、客气。,Will,you,type this,please?,Would,you,please open the window?,肯定答语,-Yes,you,will,./No problem./,3,.,表示习惯和倾向性,will,表示现在的习惯，,would,表示过去的习惯,(=used to do),。,Fish,will,die without water.,When he was a child,he,would,often go skiing.,I,will,never do that again.,2.They asked him if he,would,go abroad.,3.During the vacation,he,would,visit me every four days.,4.,Will/Would,you pass me the ball,please?,5.Birds,will,fly to the south in the winter.,意愿,意愿,习惯，倾向,请求,过去的习惯,4.shall,1,）,shall,用于,第一、第三人称疑问句,中，表示说话人,征求对方的意见或向对方请示,。,Shall,we,put off the sports meet until next week?,Shall,we,go by train?,Henry is waiting outside.,Shall,he,come in,sir?,2,）,shall,用于,第二、第三人称的陈述句,，表示说话人给对方的,许诺、命令、警告、威胁,等。,Tell Jack,he,shall,get a gift if he performed well.,(,许诺,),(,警告,),You,shall,be punished if you break the rule.,(,威胁,),You,shall,fail if you don,t work hard.,Shall,When the chairman turns up,nobody,shall,say a word.,Students,shall,remain in their seats until the papers have been collected.,There is a rule that students,shall,wear uniform.,I tell you that you,shall,regret some day.,He,shall,fall behind if he is always so lazy.,He,shall,be punished if he insists on doing that,You,shall,have a nice present for your birthday if you make progress in study.,They,shall,get what they want if they keep their word.,Nothing,shall,stop us from carrying out the plan,.,决心、承诺、警告、命令,you heshethey shall,.(,二三人称陈述）,命令,警告,承诺,决心,3,）,shall,用于,第三人称,，用于叙述,条约、规定、法律,等文件,.,Those belonging to our club,shall,wear uniforms.,我们俱乐部的成员都应该穿制服。,-What does the sign over there read?,-,“,No person _ smoke in this area.,”,A,will B,may C,shall D.must,5.should,1.should,表示,义务、职责、劝告，意为,“,应该,”,。,eg:You,should,keep your promise.,Students,should,respect teachers.,2,）表示说话人,_,等特殊情感。,It,s surprising that Mary,should,not know Lei Feng.,It is a wonder that rice,should,grow in the desert.,You,should,make friends with such a selfless person.,How,should,I know who he likes,？,惊讶,3,）表示推测，译作,“,应该,”“,理应,”,。,It,s already 10.She promised to come by 10.She,should,turn up at any moment.,-Shall I go and buy more fruits for the party?,-No,I have already bought 3 baskets.That,_ be enough.,A.can B.should C.may D.might,It,s nearly seven o,clock.Jack _be here at any moment.,A.must B.need,C.should D.could,dare,“,敢,”,，,多用在否定或疑问句中,。,The little girl dare not speak in public.,小女孩不敢在公众面前说话。,Dare you catch the little cat?,你敢抓小猫吗?,dare,当实义动词要考虑人称单复数，时态,后跟动词不定式,to do,但,to,可以省略。,Do you dare,（,to,）,walk in the dark?,He doesnt dare to tell the teacher what happened that day.,I don,t like this TV set.We,must,buy a new one.There was no bus.They,had to,walk home.,1.,表,“,必须,”,时，,must,和,have,to,的区别,must,着重说明,主观意愿，,have,to,强调客观不得不。另外，,have,to,能用于更多时态。,6.,must,THANK YOU,SUCCESS,9/7/2025,35,可编辑,2.must,用于一般问句中,肯定回答用,_,否定式用,_,，做,“,不必,”,mustn,t,表示,_,Must,I,finish,all,homework,at,a,time?,Yes,you,must,.,No,you,neednt,.,must,needn,t,或,don,t have to,“,禁止，不允许,”,3,.,表示,_,，意思是,_,抱怨,偏要，非得,Must,you make so much noise?,If you,must,smoke,please go out.,Must,you shout so loudly?,Must,you copy my homework?,My aunt,must,give lucky money to me.,m,ust表示,“,偏要,硬要,”,指做令人不快的事情,4.must,表示,推测,时，只能用于,肯定句,，,表示,“,准是,”,“,一定,”,must have done,对,过去发生的事情,作出的肯定判断,must be doing/be+adj/n,对,正在进行,的动作,进行肯定推测,他现在一定在看小说。,He,must be reading,novels now.,路是湿的。昨天晚上一定下雨了,。,The road is wet.It,must have rained,last night.,情态动词考题,:,1.Put on more clothes.You,be feeling cold,with only a shirt on.,A.can,B.could,C.must,D.would,2.Must I drive to his house and pick up the,children?,No,.,A.you shouldnt,B.you might not,C.you neednt,D.you mustnt,注意,：,1.,情态动词,否定形式,的用法,:,mustn,t,不准,禁止,needn,t,没必要,(=don,t have to),can,t,不能,;,不可能,may not,不可以,;,可能不,shouldn,t,不应该,(=ought not to),注意,：,2.,表示,推测,的情态动词,:,May/might,must,should,Can,t,/couldnt,表示主观推测，,might,的可能性比,may,小,用于肯定句，表示肯定，一定,表示理应,表示不可能,不同的,“,推测,”,程度可按下列层次排列：,He,is,at home.(事实),He,must be,at home.（非常肯定的推断）,He,should be,at home.（很可能）,He,may be,at home.（仅仅可能而已）,He,might be,at home.（或许,非常不确定）,He,might,/may,not be,at home.（也许不在家）,He,can,t be,at home.（一定不在家）,He,isnt,at home.（事实）,+do:,表示对,现在或将来,的情况的推测,;,+be doing:,表示对,正在进行,的情况的推测；,+have done,：,表示对,过去所发生,事情的推测,+be doing,+do,+have done,对正在发生的事，情态动词,be doing,的形式。如：,1),He isnt in the classroom,He,must,may,might be playing,football on the playground,他不在教室里。他一定可能在操场上踢足球。,2,),Its 12 p,m,She,can,could not be typing,now.,已经是夜里十二点了，她不可能现在还在打字。,At,this,moment,our,teacher,must,be,correcting,our,exam,papers.,情态动词表推测,1).,汤姆可能去上海了,但我不是很肯定,.,Tom _ to Shanghai,but I,m,still not sure about it.,2).,地板很干,昨晚不可能下雨了。,The ground is very dry,so it _,last night.,3).,一定有人闯入了我们的卧室,谁会这样做呢,?,Someone must have broken into our bedroom.,Who _ it?,may have gone,can,t have rained,could have done,4.I dont know where she is,she _ be in,Wuhan.,5.At this moment,our teacher _,our exam papers.,这时，我们老师肯定在批改试卷。,6.The road is wet.It _ last night.,(rain),may,must be marking,must have rained,7.Philip _ seriously in,the car accident.,菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤,.,8.-Linda has gone to work,but her bicycle is,still here.,-She _(go)by bus.,may(might)have been hurt,may(might)have gone,注意：,3.,情态动词,+have done,表示,后悔，责备，遗憾和惋惜,等情绪。,could have done,Should have done,Shouldn,t have done,Needn,t have done,原本可以但事实上并未做到,本来应该但事实上并未做到,本不应该但事实上已做,本来没必要但事实上已做,Eg,：,1.The accident _,(,原本可以避免的,),but the driver was too careless.,我本不应该对妈妈大吼大叫的，,_,but it was too late.,你本来没必要买一台新电视，,_,for the old one is still in good condition.,could have been avoided,I shouldn,t have shouted at my mom,You needn,t have bought a new TV set,高考考题,:,1.I thought you _like something to read,so,I have brought you some books.,A.may B.might C.would D.must,2.Where is my pen?I _it.,A.might lose B.would have lost,C.should have lost D.must have lost,3.I didn,t hear the phone.I _asleep,A.must be B.must have been,C.should be D.should have been,B,D,B,4.-There were already five people in the car,but they managed to take me as well.,-It _a comfortable journey,A.can,t be B.shouldn,t be,C.mustn,t have been D.couldn,t have been,5.It,s nearly seven o,clock.Jack _be here at,any moment.,A.must B.need C.should D.could,D,C,1,The thief _ in from the kitchen window as the door was closed.,A.may climb,B.must have climbed,C.could have climbed,D.should have climbed,-Do you know where David is?I couldn,t,find him anywhere.,-Well.He _have gone far,his coat is,still here.,A.shouldn,t B.mustn,t,C.can,t D.wouldn,t,2.Johnny,you _ play with the knife,you _ hurt yourself.,A.won,t;can,t B.mustn,t;may,C.shouldn,t;must D.can,t;shouldn,t,1.,It,s nearly seven o,clock.Jack _,be here at any moment.,A.must B.need,C.should D.can,3.Professor Smith,many students want to see you._ they wait here or outside?,A.Do B.Shall C.Will D.Would,I think I,ll give Bob a ring later,in the week.,You _.You haven,t been in,touch with him for ages.,A.will B.may,C.have to D.should,练习坊,I.Choose the correct answer.,2.John,look at the time._ you play,the piano at such a late hour?,A.Must B.Can,C.May D.Should,3.There _ any difficulty about,passing the road test since you have,practiced a lot in the driving school.,A.mustn,t be B.shan,t have,C.shouldn,t be D.needn,t have,4.The World Wide Web is sometimes,jokingly called the World Wide Wait,because it _ be very slow.,A.Should B.must C.will D.can,5.Helen _ go on the trip with us,but she isn,t quite sure yet.,A.shall B.must,C.may D.can,6.,Someone is knocking at the door.,_ it be Venis?,No,it _ be her;she left for,New York this morning.,A.Can;mustn,t,B.Might;can,t,C.May;doesn,t,D.Can;can,t,7.Mike promised his doctor he _,not drink,and he has never drunk,ever since.,A.might B.should,C.could D.would,8.,Is there a movie on in the cinema,tonight?,There _ be.I will phone the,cinema and find it out.,A.might B.should,C.can D.must,9.When I was studying at Beijing,University,I _ take a walk along,the lake every evening.,A.will B.would,C.could D.shall,10.Mr Brown,many students want to,see you._ they wait here or,outside?,A.Shall B.Will,C.Can D.Would,考例,1 It is usually warm in my hometown in March,but it _ be rather cold sometimes.(,福建,2008),A.must B.can C.should D.would,考点点拨 考例回顾,考例2 You _ be hungry already,you had lunch only two hours ago!(浙江 2008),wouldn,t B.can,t,C.mustn,t D.needn,t,THANK YOU,SUCCESS,9/7/2025,68,可编辑,