林肯就职演说原文.doc

林肯的第二任总统就职演说

这篇演说的讲稿是人类历史上最伟大的演说词，永久地刻在了林肯纪念堂里，英文原文是：

At this second appearing to take the oath of the presidential（总统的） office，there is less occasion (时机，场合）for an extended （延长的）address than there was at the first. Then a statement（清单），somewhat（某物） in detail，of a course to be pursued（追踪），seemed fitting （适合的；装置）and proper（适合的）. Now，at the expiration（届期） of four years，during which public declarations（公诉书） have been constantly （不断地）called forth（向前的） on every point and phase （阶段）of the great contest（争论） which still absorbs（吸引） the attention，and engrosses（使全神贯注） the energies of the nation（国家），little that is new could be presented. The progress of our arms，upon （在什么之上）which all else chiefly（主要的） depends（依赖），is as well known to the public as to myself; and it is，I trust，reasonably（合理地） satisfactory（满意的） and encouraging to all. With high hope for the future，no prediction in regard to （指向）it is ventured.（冒险 ；投机

On the occasion（场合 corresponding（相应的） to this four years ago，all thoughts were anxiously（焦虑的 directed （指导）to an impending（即将发生的） civil（民族间的（内部的 war. All dreaded（可怕的） it--all sought（寻找） to avert （避免）it. While the inaugural（就职演讲 address was being delivered （递交）from this place，devoted altogether to saving the Union（联盟） without war，insurgent（叛乱者） agents were in the city seeking to destroy it without war--seeking to dissolve（分离） the Union，and divide effects（瓜分财务），by negotiation（谈判）. Both parties （当事人）deprecated（不赞成） war; but one of them would make war rather than let the nation survive(生存; and the other would accept war rather than let it perish（死亡. And the war came.

One eighth of the whole population were colored(有色的） slaves（奴隶，not distributed（分散的 generally over the Union，but localized （局部的in the Southern part of it. These slaves constituted（建立 a peculiar（罕见的 and powerful interest. All knew（知道 that this interest was，somehow，the cause of the war. To strengthen，perpetuate（长存的，and extend this interest was the object （目标for which the insurgents（叛乱分子 would rend（撕裂 the Union，even by war; while the government claimed声称 no right to do more than to restrict（约束） the territorial地方自卫军队 enlargement增强 of it. Neither party expected（期盼 for the war，the magnitude（大小；量级，or the duration(持续时间，which it has already attained（得到. Neither anticipated（期盼 that the cause of the conflict 斗争might cease（停止 with，or even before，the conflict itself should cease.

Each looked for an easier triumph（胜利），and a result less fundamental （基本原理）and astounding（令人惊骇的）. Both read the same Bible（圣经，and astounding （祈祷？to the same God; and each invokes （祈求His aid（援助 against the other. It may seem strange that any men should dare （不惧，敢于to ask a just God's assistance in wringing(绞 扭） their bread from the sweat of other men's faces; but let us judge not that we be not judged. The prayers of both could not be answered; that of neither has been answered fully. The Almighty（全能的神 has his own purposes. "Woe 悲哀unto 直到；向the world because of offence）过错！ for it must needs be that offence s come; but woe to that man by whom the offence cometh（来）！" If we shall suppose that American Slavery （奴隶制度is one of those offences which，in the providence （天意of God，must needs come，but which，having continued through His appointed （任命time，He now wills to remove，and that He gives to both North and South，this terrible war，as the woe due to those by whom the offence came，shall we discern （认识therein any departure （违背from those divine（神圣的 attributes（归于 which the believers in a Living God always ascribe （归咎于to Him? Fondly （天真的do we hope--fervently 热心的do we pray--that this mighty scourge灾难 of war may speedily pass away. Yet，if God wills that it continue，until all the wealth piled （累积by the bond-man's two hundred and fifty years of unrequited（无回报的 toil（ 苦工shall be sunk（下沉 ； 毁去，and until every drop of blood drawn with the lash鞭子，shall be paid by another drawn with the sword，as was said three thousand years ago，so still it must be said "the judgments of the Lord，are true and righteous公正的 altogether"

With malice怨恨 toward none; with charity慈善 for all; with firmness 坚定in the right，as God gives us to see the right，let us strive 奋斗on to finish the work we are in; to bind up包扎 the nation's wounds（伤口; to care for him who shall have borne （忍受the battle，and for his widow寡妇，and his orphan孤儿--to do all which may achieve and cherish 珍爱a just and lasting peace，among ourselves，and with all nations.

最后两段译文：

(交战)每一方都在寻求一个快速的、不伤根本的胜利。双方都读同一本圣经，向同一位上帝祷告，求祂的帮助。看起来真是奇怪：一些人竟企求上帝让别人流汗而使自己可以得到面包；但是，不要让我们论断，如果我们自己不想被论断的话。双方的祷告不会同时被回答，任何一方的祷告也不会被完全应允。全能的神自有其旨意。“祸哉世界！因着必来之罪；祸哉此人，罪因其而来。”如果我们假设，美国奴隶制度乃是众罪之一，此罪到了期限，神便定意除去这个制度，引发这一场可怖的南北战争，因为灾降于那些罪因其而来的人身上，如同以往圣徒所描写的神的属性，神的作为难道会有任何偏差吗？我们热切地盼望--恒切地祷告--这场惩罚性的战争得以迅速地远离我们而去。然而，如果神定意让战争持续下去，直到我们从所有奴隶在两百五十年间没有报酬、困苦劳动之下所累积的财富毁去，及直到每一滴皮鞭上的血迹被报之以刀下每一条冤魂，就如同我们在三千年前所说，而今天仍要再说的那样：“主的审判信实，合乎公义。”

不以恶待人，而以仁爱相处。当神开启我们的眼，得见公义时，我们必须持守公义。让我们全力以赴，完成我们手中的工作，医治国家的创伤；并照料在战场上承受苦痛的人，和那些寡妇、孤儿，不忘记关怀他们 - 让我们竭尽全力，达成在我们中间，及众民族之间的永久的公义和和平。

简单统计：

n        讲演总字数：699
n        提到上帝次数：10(God: 6; The Almighty: 1; Lord: 1; He: 2)
n        提到祷告次数：3
n        提到圣经次数：1
n        引用圣经次数：2

所以只要读一下这篇讲演，就会知道林肯是怎样一位敬畏上帝，祈求上帝带领的人了！就如林肯传记《公民林肯》(Lincoln the Citizen)的作者惠特尼(Henry Whitney)所总结的：“(这篇演讲是)一串向神连绵不断的祈求，求祂对我们这个如火如荼的国家伸出援手。”

这篇讲演发生在1865年3月4号上午，当时在现场的记者Noah Brooks写到：“Just at that moment the sun，which had been obscured （使模糊all day，burst（爆炸 forth in its unclouded清晰的 meridian顶点 splendor光彩，and flooded淹没 the spectacle景象 with glory荣耀 and with light……was already standing in the shadow of death.”(林肯登台的一瞬间，阳光冲出了已盘踞了一整天的云层，放射出惊人的景象，荣耀和光辉如洪水般涌来……而此时，林肯已经站在了死亡的阴影之中。) -- 仅仅40天后，即同年4月15号，林肯在剧院里被谋杀了。

其实早年的林肯是一个无神论者，作为政治家，认为财富和权力更为重要。然而，随着美国内战战局的发展，林肯越来越感受到上帝的主权和公义，越来越依靠神，承认自己和人的无能为力，开始把国家的命运交托在神的手里。

例如，在1862年9月，在一个本来看似乐观的形势下，北方军却经历了在Bull Run的第二次战役的彻底失败，林肯开始认真的反思这次战争，并且考虑解放黑奴的具体计划。这时，他写下了“Meditation（沉思 on the Divine Will神圣意志”(对神旨意的思想)的文章。英文原文是：“The will of God prevails占优势. In great contests（争论） each party（政党 claims to（要求 act in accordance（和谐 一致 with the will of God. Both may be，and one must be，wrong. God can not be for and against the same thing at the same time. In the present civil公民的 war it is quite possible that God's purpose is something different from the purpose of either party-and yet the human instrumentalities，working just as they do，are of the best adaptation 石英；成就to affect His purpose.”翻译是：“上帝的旨意必成就。在内战中，双方都认为自己所行的符合上帝的旨意，但至少有一方是错的，因为上帝不可能自相矛盾。上帝的旨意不同于我们的目标，但是上帝使用我们作为器皿成就祂的旨意。”

在林肯将被谋杀的最后时刻，据D. James Kennedy的《What if the Bible had never been written》一书，林肯坐在戏院里，对妻子玛丽说的最后的话是：“你知道我现在想做什么吗？我想带你到中东去旅行。”“我们要去祂(主耶稣)诞生的伯利恒。我们要拜访伯大尼，随着那条圣洁脚踪所行过的路途走。然后我们上耶路(耶路撒冷)……”