大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析.pdf

大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析Aabsorb vt.吸I攵；彳吏专心,【搭配】be absorbed in专C?于【考题】She was so in her job that she didnt hear anybody knocking at the door.A)attracted B)absorbed C)drawn D)concentrated(1996.1/25/B)【译文】她工作如此专心以致于没听见有人敲门。abuse vt.虐待n.It has been revealed that some government leaders their authority and position to get illegal profits for themselves.A)employ B)take C)abuse D)overlook(1996.6/34/C)【译文】据透露，一些政府官员滥用职权为自己谋取非法利、乙 命Qaccomplish v 达BU；完成1/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析The project?by the end of 2000,willexpand the citys telephone network to cover 1,000,000 users.A)accomplished B)being accomplishedC)to be accomplished D)having been accomplished(1999.6/68/C)【译文】预计在2000年前完成的这项工程|既大该市的电话网 至 1,000,000 用户。account n.贝长；贝v.说明.原因on account of 为了.白故，因为take into account 至U【考题】Pd his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community?and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan A)take into account B)account forC)make up for D)make out(2000.1/63/A)【译文】我得向社区的其他的农户和商人们了解(也的信誉，然 后再决定是否同意他的姆请求。approve vt.赞成，称许；井滩 approval n.2/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析【搭配】for sb.fs approval 人指正 give one*s approval to 批隹1 If only the committee the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible A)approve B)will approve C)can approve D)would approve(1997.1/47/D)【译文】要牍员会能尽树比准这些规章制度并付诸实施就好 Toapproximately ad.近似地，They claim that 1,000 factories closed down during the economic crisis.A)sufficiently B)approximately C)considerably D)properly(1993.1/45/B)【译文】他i门宣称及勺有woo家工r在经济危机中倒闭了。arise vi.出现由.引起【考题】Some confusion has about who can join the association.A)retained B)lifted C)raised D)arisen(1992.1/43/D)【译文】关于谁加入协会意见不一。3/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析artificial a.人工的；矫揉造作的There were some flowers on the table.A)artificial B)unnatural C)false D)unreal(1991.6/44/A)【译文】桌子上有一些假ashamed a.惭隗(的)；羞耻(的)【搭配】be ashamed of以为.是耻辱be ashamed to do sth 以干.He was of having asked such a silly question.A)sorry B)guilty C)ashamed D)miserable(1991.6/65/C)【译如 他(寸自己问了每一个愚蠢的问题静%环好意乱associate vi.交往n.伙伴，同事【搭配】associate oneself with 力associate sth.with把(某事物与其他事物)联系在一起associate with 和.来往1 A healthy life is frequently thought to be with the open countryside and homegrown food.A)tied B)bound C)involved D)associated(1996.6/23/D)4/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析【译文】人们总局巴健藤勺生活与开阔的乡村和自家种的食物 在一起available a.用的；通用的【考题】Convenience foods which are already prepared for cooking are in grocery stores.A)ready B)approachable C)probable D)available(1997.1/43/D)【译文】经过加工随时可供烹调的方便食品在食杂店可以买 至山awkward a.笨拙的；尴尬的【考题】The shy girl felt and uncomfortable when she could not answer her teachers questions.A)amazed B)awkward C)curious D)amused(1998.6/42/B)【译文】当这个害羞的女孩回答不上来老师的提问时，她感到 彳晤迫和难受ban v禁止5/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析In most countries the sale of liquor to children is banned.大多数国 止卖酒给4俵子们。announce a 30-day ban on hunting 宣布 30 天的昔令【?晰】ban，forbid和prohibit三个词者禁止，其中ban 语气最重，指权威机关正式禁止。forbid是普通用词，it个人行 为。prohibit是正式词，指用法）聿蝇翎襟止obare a.无遮盖的；空的；仅仅的a bare hillside光秃秃的（无树木的）山坡a room bare of furniture几乎没有家具的房间the bare necessities of life最起码的生活必需品v.揭露，JlFh去除.勿bare onefs head 脱冒子bare onefs heart 表露真情【全真考题】Although they plant trees in this area every year?the tops of some hills are still.（99.6）6/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析A)bare B)vacant C)blank D)hollow答案Abarely ad.仅仅,只不过,几乎不We barely had time to catch the train.我(取有勉弓火车的时间。【用法】1.barely用在句首时引起句子至版 2.barely含有 否定意义，因此在反意疑问句中时，句尾的疑问短句要用肯诩 式0 3.barely.when结构表不刚 就”，barely所在的 吾B分要侄!4.barely ever,any 弄口 at all【辨析】barely?hardly?rarely和scarcely四个词意义相近，都表否定概念，彳旦也有一些差别。rarely 意为，难不常，(not often)oRarely have I seen him smile hardly往往强调能力上有困难，意为，简直不，很难、He can hardly jump over the fence.scarcely 彳曲主弓虽调不足,常同 enough,sufficient?any程度的词连用，意为不太，几乎，简直没有，。7/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析He has scarcely any money left.barely与hardly和scarcely意思相近，意为，几乎,勉强，仅 能据但如果后面跟有 ever，any，at all等词，只育卵hardly 或 scarcely?不育阴I barely obenefit n.益处；优越性；保险金，救济金Pve had the benefit of a good education.益于良好的教育。/the benefits of science 科学的优良条件/unemployment benefits 失 业降vi.得益He hasnt benefited from the experience.彳也也的佥中Vt.使.This policy benefits the whole city.这个政策市受益o【用法】benefit作不及牧劭1 司时，其后常接介词fromobore vt.彳更感至U厌烦All his old stories bore me.他所有的老生常谈使我厌烦。n.令人附而勺事物8/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析Dont be such a bore.另U这么讨厌。【用法】bore的两种分词形式boring和bored:boring表小主 动，指某事物令人肉窕bored表示被动，指跣事物弄得刑冤He was bored with his job./Its a boring film.类f以白勺I司还有interesting 与interested;exciting 与 excited 等。Cconcentrate v.全神贯注精?蝶中，专ll致志；集中，集合；灌宿We should concentrate all our efforts on improving education.我们 应 1维中精力努力改进教育工作。Troops are concentrating south of the river.车队正向河的南结。n.四夜【用法】concentrate(sth.)on sth./doing sth.【全真考题】Anne couldnt concentrate what she was doing whileher family were watching TV (93 1)A.to B.on C.for D.in9/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析【答案】Bcontinual adj.继续不断的；一再重复的continual rain 不停的雨Wrl continual continuouscontinual-旨多复的7（乍：Please stop your continual questions continuous表徜堆或物体想环停地或不间断地进行下去：a continuous flow of trafficOur journey was slow because the train stopped atdifferent villages.（99.1）A.unceasingly B.graduallyC continuously D continually【答案】Dcontrary adj.（在性质、倾向或方向等方面）相反的；好与人 对的contrary beliefs褐然相反的信仰10/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析He is an awkward,contrary child.子。n.反面【用法】contrary to be contrary to the law;on the contrary 与止侨目反：It doesnt seem ugly to me;on the contrary,I think its rather beautiful.【全What you have done is the doctor*orders.(90.1)A attached to B responsible toC resistant to D.contrary to【答案】Dcontributev.JbU;有助工搦高We contributed clothing to the relief of the poor.四I 甘歌 福民。Hard work contributed to his success.努力工作使He contributed poems to the magazine.他投诗稿志o【用，去】contribute 与介词to 搭配：contribute(sth.)to11/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析Medical research has shown that the widespread use of cigarettes contributes the increase of cancers （94 1）A towards B.for C.with D.to【答案】Dcritical adj.吹毛求疵的，批评的；决定性的，重要的He is so critical that nobody can please him.吹所以 人能取悦他We arrived at the critical moment.我寸亥U至肱。【用法】critical作吹毛求庇的、批评的讲时与介词of搭配The director was critical the way we were doing the work.（2000.1）A.at B.in C.of D.with【答案】c大会语教学拉隈中，关于四级词汇的要求是：“领会式掌 握4200单词（其中复用式掌握的单词为2500）以及由这些词构成 的常用词组1600条（中学所掌握的单词和词组均刨箭内），并具 有按照基林同4识别生I司的能力。“与冈中所指髅哙式强郦寸词 12/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析义白圾知 而朗即I强调(寸例词的词海晰、用法以财破关 系的诞 因此 以为联脂导，四级考试中词汇的内容，除了考 黑寸单潮训知外，道账式词义瞪瞰区别、词汇股去和搭K关 系目前考察领会式词汇为73.9%占大部分，复用式占26.1%。在此篇和上期所列重点词汇的四级考题中，bare,concentrate,contribute,continual,critical 都以式t用匚75155考察。其中，bare和continual考察词乂的辨析;concentrate,contribute 和 critical 考察了词的I配关装当然，四级试题中词汇的领会与复用也不都 是界限分明的，有时在一道题中会既考察认知又考察用谶D同学们，如果你正在复习大短语四级词汇的字母D部分，请 跟我来。先做题，再认真阅读题后的讲解。看看收获如可。1.The issue is how to of radioactive waste.A.dealB.disposeC.disposalD.do答案与译文B.问题是怎檄珊嫂寸性废乳辨析及搭配A.deal(with)同理；应付；做生意o例句：I have dealt with this company for more than a decade.我已经与公 司做了十多年的生意o B.dispose(of)处置；陶卓；去 掉o例句：Man proposes，God disposes.谋事在人，成事在天o13/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析Dispose of these old newspapers!犯这些旧寸眼氏处理掉。C.disposaln.处理；处置。D.do处理；整便；解决（问题）。2 The trend of brain drain does the developing countries degrees of harm.A diver B diversify C diverse D diversity答案与译文C.人才外流的翻不同程度伤害着发展中国 家。辨析及搭配A.diver n.潜水员。B.diversify v.使多样 化o C.diverse adj.不同的。D.diversity n.多样性o此处只育阴3 司 diverse 修饰词。3.Whether he could obtain his diploma or not greatly him.A disturbed B distinguished C distresses D disputes答钻译文A,是都瞰得文邮大醐乱了他勺心绪。辨析及搭配A.disturb扰乱；打扰o B.distinguish（between;from）区分；辨另山C.distress使悲痛；使忧伤。D.dispute争论；辩论；争执）4.All had to stay in the open space,esp at night,for the of the warning of an earthquake 14/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析A donation B domination C destination D duration答钻译文D.在整个喔爵巡间，大家只好什捌是 在夜间)待在空旷的地瓦辨析及搭配A.donation 捐赠品；B.domination 统 治；才空制；支配o C.destination目的地o D.duration期间；时间。5.The free market is with purchasers and merchants A deliberate B dense C dependent D desirable答案与译文B.自由市场上云集买卖双方而一片繁忙。辨析及搭配A.deliberate蓄意的；审慎的。B.dense(with)密集的；浓厚的；繁忙的。C.dependent候的；依赖 的；以.而定o D.desirable值得要的；合C?意的；悦人心意的。6.Mr.Smith is used to reading his favorite academic over coffee A digital B digest C digestion D indigestion答钻译文B.史嬲诜生习惯于边喝咖啡读他最喜欢 学术如前15/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析辨析及搭配首特滁A.digital adj.数字的；数码的。后 面三个是同根词：B.digest v.V肖化，令页悟。n.戈摘，要。C.digestion n.消化，领悟。D.indigestionn.消化不良。7.Failure is the mother of success,so that hers hasnt her,but encouraged her to redouble her exertions instead A discharged B discountedC discarded D discouraged答案与举文D.刈奶成墟母，所以她的知役便岐 心丧气反而曲力。国晰及搭配A.discharge V.允许.离开；排（放）出。B.discountvt.打断；漠视；认为.不（直得考虑o C.discardvt.&vi.抛弃；放弃。D.discouragev.彳吏泄气；沮丧；阻拦，8.The chemistry teacher dipped his finger into the mixture and took it out of it.A indirectly B directly C dimly D diplomatically答钻译文B.化学老Rt巴一个指头f触昆台液电立刻 四了出来16/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析辨析及搭配A.indirectly间接也拐弯抹角地 B.directly立即；彳艮I夬；直接地o C.dimly微暗地；朦胧地o D.diplomatically夕行忑上；夕咬地o2 面）9 Any in a watch is very delicate A device B devise C deviancy D deviation答案与译文A.钟表中的任何装置常精巧。辨析及搭配首特除恫B.devise v.设计；发明。A.device n.装置；设备；方法；计划。C.de-viancy n 反常；背禺。D.deviationn.背曷；偏差。10.His disasters were to what he had done wrong.A despite B in spite of C down D due答钻译文d.如隹的原因是曾辨析及搭配木邮句中的t。，可否定A和B。A.despite不 管；尽管；不论。&语，例句：Despite the pouring rain?he went to his post as usual.尽管大雨他照常去上班）B.in spite of 与 A 同义o In spite of the pouring rain,he went to his post as usual.C.down往下；沿着。D.due to因为；由于.而起o例句：Due to his illness he was lying in bed.因为生病，他f尚在床上o17/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析11.No one can any citizens legal right.A be done with B draw on C derive from D deprive of答案与译文D.谁也不能剥夺公民的告加利。A.be done with 了结了；。B.draw on 戴（穿）上；吸收；引诱。例句：The jailer drew the prisoner on to tell his story.看守诱导囚3的巴事荀嵬H来o C.derive from得来（自）；由.快!句：Anyone can derive a lot of pleasurefrom making friends.任何人都育盟结交朋友中获得许多 Ddeprive of录将；夺去。12.The gifted engineer a model of the atomic generator.A dragged B.drafted C.drifted D.dratted答案与举文B.J!附天才诵硒了T原子发翱草 图。SWfWnBB A.drag 拖；拉 B.draft 2;WRo draft a plan of study草拟一份研究计划C.drift漂流；飘荡。D.drat（damn）例句：Drat it!I forgot my key!见鬼（t笏E）!我忘了钥 匙！18/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析13 Mr.Black was in the,standing there dumbfounded?not knowing what to do A dark B dusk C dawn D dam答案与译文A.布莱彭拄不知就电 站在那里目瞪口 呆，不知怎么子。辨析及搭配A.dark黑暗，in the dark在黑暗中；不知情；蒙例句：Parents often keep their children in the dark about their presents on New Years Eve.新年前夕,父常常不让孩子们 知道他们的礼物。B.dusk 黄昏：It is hard to see clearly at dusk.黄昏时难看清楚东西。C.dawn黎明；破晓o例句：They take their boat out every day at dawn.他天黎明时起!亢出海。D.dam大坝o14.An unexpected guest on us last night.A decreased B declined C descended D dropped答钻译文C.昨天晚上，T立不速之客突然来俄们 冢辨析及搭配A.decrease减少；降低o例句：The number of illiberal people is decreasing gradually.缺之文化素养的人 少。B.decline下倾；下降；下垂。C.descend下来；下降；突然 19/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析来访（与upon,on 连用）o 例句：Amy descended upon us at Christmas.艾米在圣诞节时突然来访。D.drop落卜;下降滴，drop by/in/over/round 川国更来访。E1.economic economical两者者B疑容词，但词义不同。economic 意为经济上附，“经济学的，；而economical意为，节 约的，“节省的，常用于力e economical。产结构。例如：economic growth经济土曾长an economical person 节俭的人典型Being of money,she managed to save enough for a holiday.A economic B economical C economics D economies答案为B。句意：由于节省，她侬储够了度假的钱 economics 经济学，经济!青况;economies 节约，节省，节俭。2.efficient effective20/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析形容词efficient与effective者有效的efficient指有效率 的,，“高效率的,，“有能力的，常指人；而effective表示，有效 的，“效率好的，“得力的、常指政策措施等。如：a very efficient production manager 一位非常得力的生产经理effective teaching效果好的教学典型考题：A lawyer needs an secretary.A inefficient B efficient C effective D sufficient答案为B。句意：律需要T立能干白痢书。inefficient不育胡生 任的，没有能力的；sufficient充分的，足够的。3.electric electricalelectric与electrical均作形容词用，但前者用来指，用电鼎区动 的，“由电产生的，后者为，与电有关的，。另外electric还可以表示“令人震原的，。例如：an electric torch(generator)电筒(发an electrical engineer 币典型His speech had aneffect on the crowd;they all cheered him.21/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析A electric B electrical C electronic D elastic答案为A。句意：他的知隔感人心，整个A群聊的欢呼。electronic电子的；elastic有弹性的。4.eminent imminenteminent和imminent都周容词，词形以，但词义不同。eminent指著名的,，“卓越的，“杰出的）imminent指即将发生 的，“迫在眉睫的例如：Washington was eminent both as a general and as president.顿作为I立将军和总统，都是出郑萃的。The black clouds and the lightning show that a storm isimminent.乌云和闪电表明暴风雨即将来银蝴考题：As we know,Churchill was one of the worlds moststatesmen A eminent B imminent C illicit D explicable答案为A。句意：众所周知，邱吉尔是世界上最卓越的政治家 之一。A与B较易7踊，前者意为，著名的，；后者意为，逼近的，“即各发生的，。illicit违法的；explicable可解辞的，可说明的。5.emotional emotive22/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析emotional 与 emotive 并不同义，却昆淆。emotional 充 y趣感情的，“易动感青的，主语多为人；emotive表示，使/激动物，“令AJ酗的空，主I吾多为物。如：an emotional person 易动感情的人an emotive speech令人J版tj的演讲典型Women are often said to be more than men.A emotions B motions C emotional D emotive答案为C。句意：常常说女人比男人易动感胤emotions是人类 精神f青感的总称舌喜、怒、哀、乐等motions运动，动 作。6.enviable enviousenviable表不值得羡慕的，多作定语用。如an enviable possession 令人羡慕的财产。而 envious 丽，的，力即 的常用于短语be envious of（羡慕，女薇）。典型Mary would always be of her sisters beauty.A envoy B various C enviable D envious23/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析答案为D。句意：玛丽总板改版救未的美丽。envoy使节，公 使；various各种各样的，不同的。7.equal equivalentequal与equivalent近义o但equal指在大小、质量、数量、形 状、价值等方面相当或1蹄，常用词组be equal to（等于，和相 等），而equivalent指在意义重要奶面相当或ft等。另外，equal可作名词用，表叹寸手，“匹敌者、如：equal pay for equal work 同工同酬His behavior is equivalent to treason.他的彳丁为等于背叛o典型John knows so much about the stars that I am sure it would be impossible to find his.A.similar B.reflection C.equal D.equivalent答案为C。句意：约翰对星球的知识如园米博 我可以断定没 有人可以与他匹敌o similar类似的，和to连用；reflection倒影，反 射。8.exhausting exhaustive24/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析exhausting与exhaustive是同根形容词,但词义差SU很大o exhausting意为使人疲惫不堪的“筋疲力尽的而exhaustive表 示彻底的,，“无遢扁的,，“广泛的,。如：We had a long and exhausting meeting this morning.今天上午我。讲了TfJA闹翻胀会。I dont claim to be exhaustive on this subject.我并不认为自己把iX个问题讲透了。典型考题：The professor did research before writing the article.A exhausting B exhaustive C exhibited D executed答案为B。句意：这位教授在写这篇文章之前，做了全面的调开穷g exhibit展览，陈歹U；execute执彳丁，如execute orders执彳丁命 令。facility/f siliti/n.pl.设备设施彳蛙山容易方 便【考扁facility玄，设备 设施，便利，时通常只用豉。25/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析faculty/fklti/n.能力，技1旨，天赋系第斗，学院 刽员考点】faculty表示，全（橄员”用做主语时，女嘻做是一个整 体贝慎渭语用单数形式；女暗做是个体，其谓语则用SW北fade/feid/vi.褪去，褪色逐渐消失，变微舞爸炎 凋谢，枯萎vt.使褪色【辨析】fade和wither两I司都可表示，凋谢,。但前者舒渐渐失 去总唯胞有时也表示暗淡。后者则指因不舌力或不I锵而失 去生气 可以借觥T衰若。faithful/fei ful/a.忠诚的，忠实的，忠贞的尽职的，责 任心强的如实的，御舸靠的【考点】faithful用做表语时后面的搭配介词是to,BP be faithfultOofancy/f nsi/vt.想要，喜欢想象，设想猜想，以为 n.孰，迷小想象力，幻想力设想，空想，幻想a.昂贵 的，高档的另OS的，花式的，花俏的【考点】fancy表示，设口想像时后面授咯词作宾语，不可接不定式026/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析fancy和think 一样，在句子中常用否定转移，如Idont Tie will come to our party 常用词组take a fancy to 喜farewell/Kf vwel/n.告另山 欢医会【辨析】farewell和good-bye两词都表广再见，但后者是普通 用语咖于各种告别的瑜。前者是正式用语，多用于亲为端 时的告别。feasible/vfi:z bl/a.可彳丁的，可能的，可用的【全职题】I suggest we put the scheme into effect?for it isquite.(CET-6,2000.142)A)eligible B)sustainable C)probable D)feasible【答案】D【注释】A)eligible意为，合适的，合意的指有资格侬氧B)sustainable意为支撑得住的，育的鹤歌T。C)probable只表示 一种可能性，用在这里不合适D)fea-sible意为，可行的，。27/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析【译文】我建谢巴计戈附诸实施，因为这项计划的确切实可 行。feature/vfi:/n.特征，特色pl.面貌，木造艇)特 写，专题节目故事片vt.突出，由翊全真#题Apeculiarly pointed chin is his mostmemorable facial.(CET-4,98.647)A)mark B)feature C)trace D)appearance【答案】B【注释】本题为词式题。T殳说来，提至i部t寺征时常用 feature*词，意为面貌用正A)mark符号，记号；C)trace痕 迹，踪迹；D)appearance外表，夕因兔因止匕正确答案为B)featureo【译为一个特Si块白狭下巴是他R容易被I己住的面部解Eofierce/fis/a.凶猛的，悯告的，好斗的洱国勺，弓欧I的 藏独勺，也勺，狂暴的28/71大学英语四级考试常考词汇及历年词汇真题解析file/fail/n.本当案,卷