三句话突破冠词考点.doc

三句话突破冠词考点
高考英语试题中几乎年年都对冠词进行考查，而考生们却总感到困惑。为帮助广大考生突破冠词难点，笔者根据近年对高考冠词类试题的分析，提供一些尽可能简单的策略来突破冠词。
●高考回顾
1.【2013福建】21. The “Chinese Dream” is ______ dream to improve people’s well-being and ______ dream of harmony, peace and development.
A. the; a B. a; a C. a; the D. the; the
2. 【2013江西】32. Animals are obviously ______ lower form of life than _______ man.
A. a ; / B. the ; the C. a ; the D. / ; /
3.【2013山东】22. It was ___ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across ____ night sky.
A. 不填；a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; 不填
4.【2013陕西】19. Marco Polo is said to have sailed on Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in I thirteenth century.
A. the; a B. a; / C. /; the D. the; the
5. 【2013新课标II卷】13.Four and half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar.
A. a; a B. the; the C.不填；the D. a;不填
6.【2013新课标I卷】31. India attained independence in 1947, after long struggle.
A.不填;a B. the; a C. an;不填 D. an; the
7.【2013浙江】15. People develop ______ preference for a particular style of learning at ______ early age and these preferences affect learning.
A. a; an B. a; 不填 C. 不填; the D. the; an
8.【2013重庆】32. The parents were shocked by news that their son needed operation on his knee.
A. a;/ B. the; / C. the; an D. a; an
●案例探究
1. When it comes to bringing up children, some people say ______ strict control produces _____ well-behaved children.
A. the; the B. /; the C. the; / D. /; /
解析：control在此是个不可数名词，属类指，其前不需要任何冠词。第二空well-behaved children为复数名词表示类指，故也不需要冠词。本题正确答案为D，正答率为23%，易错在B、C项。
2. We work together to achieve our common purpose: _______ world that is safer, cleaner and healthier than ______ one we found.
解析：第一空后跟了一个限定性定语从句，表示“一个更安全、更清洁、更健康的世界”；第二空后的one是特指“我们先前发现的这个世界”。故答案为C。
3. An accident happened at______ crossroads a few meters away from ____bank．
A．a; a B．/; a C．/; the D．the; /
解析：句意：（某）一次意外事故发生在离某一银行几米处的一个十字路口。本题难点是要明白crossroads在此是可数名词的单数形式，前面一定要有冠词，根据句意表示“一个”，故用a；至于第二空也是表示“一家”银行，故要用a。本题答案为A。
4. ________success of Zhu Zhiwen's singing has been ________great honour to his hometown.
A．The; a B．The; an C．A; the D．The; a
解析：第一空后的success特指朱之文演唱的这种成功，故用定冠词the；第二空指“一种巨大的荣誉”，要用不定冠词a，故答案为A。
●锦囊妙计
冠词用法缤纷复杂，但近年高考有一种“回归基础”的倾向，只侧重考查其基本用法。
①凡是具有“一个（种……）”之意，说明某人或物的名称或种类时，该名词前要用a/an。
e.g. We are sparing no efforts to create a more peaceful and more advanced world, a place where everyone enjoys his life and freedom.
②凡是具有“这（些）”，“那（些）”之意，表示特定的人或物时，该名词前要用the。
e.g. This is the room I told you about.
③凡是不可数名词和复数名词表示类别时，其前一律不加冠词；单数可数名词侧重指整个类别时，其前要加the；当单数可数名词侧重指类别中的任何一个的特点时，其前要加a/an。
e.g. We drank tea and made some small talk in the kitchen.
The survey shows that if people cannot afford a house, they will feel less content about life．
以上三条规则能解决绝大多数高考中有关冠词的单项选择题，同时考生们也应注意冠词的活用。常见的高频考点还包括：
①抽象名词具体化。当抽象名词表示某种具体的概念或情况时，被具体化的名词前可以用a/an。
e.g. It’s a great joy to live with all my old classmates.
What a heavy rain！
②形容词比较级前用定冠词the表示“两者当中较……的”，而形容词前用a/an，表示“更……”；most前用the表示“三者或三者以上中最……的”，most前用a/an时，则无比较含义，其意义相当于very。
e.g. We never expect a bluer sky unless we create a less polluted world.
③“the + 序数词”表示排序，“a/an + 序数词”不表示排序，而表示“又一、再一”。
e.g. In order to find a better job, he decided to study a second foreign language.
④表官职、身份或亲属关系的名词当补语，或作同位语时不加冠词。
e.g. On my way to the office, I met a man called Eric, who turned out to be general manager of the company I am going to work for.
⑤雷打不动的“十八罗汉”：考生要牢记高考中常见的纯不可数名词，这些名词在任何情况下前面都不能与a或an连用（但有可能与the连用）。它们是：advice(劝告、建议), attention(注意),fun(有趣的事), furniture(家俱), health(健康), harm(损害、伤害), information(信息、消息), luck(运气), luggage/baggage(行李), music(音乐), news(消息), pollution（污染），progress(进步), space(太空), traffic(交通)，weather(天气), work(工作)等。
e.g. I know you don’t like music very much.
With rush-hour traffic, it is no wonder you were late.
●过关演练
1. If China’s space technology has achieved ________ breakthrough in this field, it really is ________ amazing wonder.
A. the; an            B. a; an              C.不填; the           D. a; 不填
2. The restaurant was on___ fire and the people burnt in the fire were taken to____ hospital.
A. the; / B. /; / C. the; the D. /; the
3. The salesman said that ____ thief was a young man with ____ brown hair.
A. the; a B. the; / C. a; / D. a; a
4. In 1519 ____ traveler who went to America from Europe discovered ____tomato.
A. the; the B. the; a C. a; a D. a; the
5. Thank you for sending us ______ fresh vegetables of many kinds. You have done us ____ great service.
A. /；a B. the；a C. /；/ D. the；/
6. We saw _____ audience clapping their hands when ______popular singer appeared on the stage.
A. the; the B. the; / C. an; a D. /; the
7. He missed ___ gold in the high jump, but will get ___ second chance in the long jump.
A. the; the B. 不填; a C. the; a D. a; 不填
8.Carl is studying______food science at college and hopes to open up _____ meat processing factory of his own one day.
A. / ； a B. / ；the C. the ; a D. the ; the
9. Sam has been appointed _______ manager of the engineering department to take ____ place of George.
A./,/ B. the,/ C the; the D./, the
10. Sarah looked at _______finished painting with _______ satisfaction.
A.不填；a B. a; the C. the; 不填 D. the; a
11. Being able to afford ______ drink would be ______ comfort in those tough times.
A. the; the B. a; a C. a; 不填 D. 不填; a
12. The Smiths don’t usually like staying at ___ hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by ____ sea.
A. /; a B. the; the C. /; the D. the; a
13. I woke up with ______ bad headache, yet by ____ evening the pain had gone.
A. the; the B. the; an C. a; the D. a; an
14. We are said to be living in ____ Information Age, ____ time of new discoveries and great changes.
A. an; the B. 不填; the C. 不填; a D. the; a
15. The development of industry has been _____ gradual process throughout _____ human existence, from stone tools to modern technology.
A. 不填; the B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. a; a
高考回顾答案与解析：
1. B【解析】考查冠词。根据句意，中国梦是一个…的梦和一个…的梦，可知，两空都用不定冠词a，答案选B。
2. A【解析】考查冠词。第一空表示“一种生命的形式”；第二空man表“人类”，不用冠词。故答案选A。
3. B【解析】考查冠词用法。第一空“一个寒冷的冬夜”，应用不定冠词a；第二空“夜空”，指独一无二的事物用定冠词the。故答案为B。
4. D【解析】考查冠词。第一空指独一无二的事物用the；第二空为固定短语，表示在多少世纪“in the –th century”，需加定冠词。故答案为D。
5. A【解析】考查冠词。第一空表示“四个半”应用four and a half；短语a break表示“休息一会儿”，故答案选A。
6. A【解析】考查冠词。第一空“获得独立”，independence为抽象名词，前不加冠词；第二空“在一场长期的斗争之后”，用不定冠词a。故选A。
7. A【解析】考查冠词。短语a preference for…对…的偏好；at an early age在年纪很小时，故均填不定冠词。
8. C【解析】考查冠词。第一空news后带有that引导的同位语从句，故应该特指；第二空译为“他们的儿子需要做一个手术”，使用不定冠词。
过关演练答案：BBBDC ACADC BCCDC