七年级英语3-4单元知识点.doc

一．3,4单元单词表
Unit 3 第一单元单词及短语
1. koala n.(澳洲)树袋熊;考拉
2. tiger n.老虎;虎
3. elephant n.大象
4. dolphin n.海豚
5. panda n.熊猫
6. lion n.狮子
7. penguin n.企鹅
8. giraffe n.长颈鹿
9. zoo n.动物园
10. cute adj.可爱的;聪明的
11. map n.地图;图
12. smart adj.聪明的;漂亮的
13. animal n.动物
14. box n.方框;盒;箱
15. kind of 有几分
16. south n.南;南方; adj.在南方的;南部的;向南的
17. Africa 非洲
18. bingo n.宾戈（一种游戏）
19. ugly adj.丑陋的;难看的
20. clever adj.聪明的;机灵的
21. friendly adj.友好的
22. beautiful adj.美丽的;美好的
23. shy adj.害羞的;怕羞的
24. other adj.其他的;另外的
25. grass n.草
26. sleep v.睡;睡觉
27. during prep在---期间
28. at night 在晚上;在夜里
29. leaf n.叶;树叶
30. lazy adj.懒惰的;懒散的
31. meat n.(食用的)肉;肉类
32. relax v.放松;休息

Unit 4 第一单元单词及短语
1. shop 商店;店铺
2. assistant 助手;助理
3. shop assistant 店员
4. doctor 医生
5. reporter 记者;通讯员
6. policeman 男警察
7. waiter 侍者;服务员
8. bank clerk 银行职员
9. hospital 医院
10. now 现在;此时
11. star 担任主角;主演
12. policewoman 女警官;女警察
13. nurse 护士
14. money 钱;金钱;货币
15. give 给;授予
16. get 获得;得到;购买;拿来
17. wear v.穿;戴
18. uniform n.制服
19. sometimes adv.不时;有时
20. in prep.在---期间;在(一段时间)之内
21. dangerous adj.危险的
22. thief n.小偷;贼
23. late adv.晚;晚于通常时间
24. out adv.在外;向外
25. talk v.谈话;谈论
26. station n.车站;局;台
27. TV station 电视台
28. police n.警方;警察
29. police station 警察局
30. newspaper n.报纸
31. hard adv.辛苦地;努力地
32. as prep.作为
33. at prep.按照;根据
34. summer n.夏季;夏天
35. story n.故事;事迹;小说
36. magazine n.杂志;期刊
37. young adj.年轻的,年纪小的
38. play n.戏剧;剧本
39. news n.新闻;消息
40. children n.孩子(child的复数)
41. international adj.国际的
42. teach v.教;讲授
43. skill n. 技能;技巧
44. sir n.先生;阁下
45. madam n.女士;夫人
二．3,4单元知识点
Unit 3 Why do you like koalas?
一、词组
want to do sth .想要做某事
want sb to do sth 想要某做某事
want sth 想要某物
Let sb do sth 让某人做某事
kind of 有几分\种类
a kind of 一种…
…years old …年龄 如：ten years old 十岁
like to do sth 喜欢做某事
like doing sth
play with … 与...一起玩
be quiet 安静
during the day 在白天
at night 在夜间
have a look at.. 看...
one…the other 一个...另一个...
二、句型
(1)、-why do you like pandas?
-Because they’re very cure.
(2)、-Why dose he like koalas?
-Because they are kind of interesting.
(3)、-Where are lions from?
-Lions are from South Africa.
(4)、-What animals do you like?
-I like elephants.
三、日常交际用语
(1)、-Let’s see the lions.
(2)-Why do you want to see the lions?
-Becase they are very cute.
(3)-Do you like giraffes?
Yes,I do./ No,I don’t
(4)-What other animal do you like?
_I like dogs.too
other+ 名词的复数.表示没有特定的数量范围
the other+名词的复数表示有特定的数量范围.

(5)-Why are you looking at me?
-Because you are very cute.
(6)-Let us play games. –Great!
Let me see.
Unit 4 I want to be an actor.
一、词组
want to be+职业 想要成为。。。
shop assistant 店员
bank clerk 银行职员
work with 与。。。一起工作
work hard 努力工作
work for 为。。。而工作
work as 作为。。而工作
get.. from…从。。。获得。。。
give sth.to.sb /give.sb.sth 把某物给某人
正确的表示：give it/them to sb.
错误的表示：give sb.it/them
in the day 在白天
at night 在夜间
talk to /with 与…讲话
go out to dinners 外出吃饭
in a hospital 在医院
newspaper reporter 报社记者
movie actor 电影演员
二、句型
(1)-What do/does+某人+do?
例：-What do you do?-I’m a student.
-What dose he do? He’s a teacher.
(2)-What do/does+某人+want to be?
例：What do you want to be?-I want to be a teacher.
-What does she want to be ?She want to be a nuser.
(3)-Where does your sister work?
-She works in a hospital.
(4)-Does he work in the hospiat
Yes.he does/No,he doesn’t
(5)-Does she work late?
-Yes,she does/No.she doesn’t
(6)－英语中询问职业的几种表达方式：
What do/does …do?
What is…? What is your father?
What’s one’s job?例：What’s your father’s job?
三.语法知识（一般过去时）
一般过去时
【定 义】
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生过了的动作或存在过的状态。即描述已经发生过了的事情。
【用 法】
A．be型
   这一类型由be动词（was和were）+名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词或介词短语等一起构成谓语，表示主语以前或过去的个性、特征或状态。如：
   ①I was a student ten years ago.(主语+be动词+名词)
   ②They were hungry just now.（主语+be动词+形容词）
   ③The bike was under the tree yesterday.(主语+be动词+介词短语)
④It was rainy last Sunday.
⑤They were very happy at Kangkang’s birthday party.
B．情态动词型
情态动词型句子的构成为“主语+情态动词过去式could+动词原形”，情态动词过去式和动词原形一起构成谓语，表示主语过去或曾经能做的事情。如：
   ①He could speak a little English last year.(could+speak)
   ②What could she do when he was ten.
C．did型
   did型由行为动词过去式充当谓语，表示以前做过的某事，
其构成为“主语+动词过去式动词”。如：
   ①I knew him when I was young.   ②He believed me at that time .
【结 构】
主语+动词过去式+宾语 即某人+某个动词过去式+其他。
肯定式
疑问式
否定式
否定疑问式
I worked.
Did I work?
I did not work.
Didn’t I work?
You worked.
Did you work?
You did not work.
Didn’t you work?
We worked.
Did we work?
We did not work.
Didn’t we work?
They worked.
Did they work?
They did not work.
Didn’t they work?
He(She,It) worked.
Did he(she,it) work?
He(She,It) did not work.
Didn’t he(she,it) work?
否定形式：首先找句子中有没有be动词（was或者were）或情态动词（could），如果有，只要在be动词或情态动词后面加上not。如果句子中没有be动词（was或者were）或情态动词（could）那么在后面加入didn’t（无论主语是什么人称）。
一般疑问句：首先找句子中有没有be动词（was或者were）或情态动词（could），如果有，只要将be动词或情态动词提前，放到主语前面。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称要互换。如果句子中没有be动词（was或者were）或情态动词（could）那么在主语之前加入did。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称也要互换。
特殊疑问句：首先分析划线部分的意思，确定用哪个疑问词（what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape, what colour, what … doing, where … going, what … do）,然后找句子中有没有be动词（was或者were）或情态动词（could），如果有，只要将be动词或情态动词提前，放到主语前面。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称要互换。如果句子中没有be动词（was或者were）或情态动词（could）那么在主语之前加入did。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称也要互换。
【规则动词过去式构成形式】
规则动词的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成，具体变化有：
1. 直接在词尾加-ed。
如: want—wanted, work—worked, need—needed, clean—cleaned
2. 以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。
如：like—liked, live—lived, use—used, move—moved
3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，先双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop—stopped, trip—tripped
4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先把y变成i，再加-ed。
如：study—studied, carry—carried, hurry—hurried, marry—married

【不规则动词过去式】
P七·下102。

【口 诀】
　　一般过去时并不难，表示过去动作、状态记心间。
　　动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。
　　否定句很简单，didn’t 站在动词原形前，其它部分不要变。
　　一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动词原形、其它部分依次站。
　　特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。
　　最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记。

【练 习】
一、 用所给词的适当形式填空。（Be动词）
一般过去时中的be动词有两种形式: was和were
其中：was用于单数主语之后，构成I/she/he/It was…句型。
were用于复数主语和二人称you之后，构成You/We/They were…句型。
1. I __________(be) a little girl at that time.
2. When __________(be) you born?
3. Maria __________(be) born in Cuba.
4. The weather yesterday __________(be) very cold.
5. They __________(be) very happy at Kangkang’s birthday party yesterday.
6. What __________(be) the date the day before yesterday?
7. __________(be) you at home a moment ago?
8. Where __________(be) your parents last Saturday?
9. My mother __________(be not) in Chongqing last month.
10. How __________(be) the weather this morning?
二、 用所给词的适当形式填空。（情态动词）
情态动词can的过去式为could，无人称变化。
1. Jane __________(can) speak Chinese well when she was only five.
2. __________(can) they dance the disco last year?
3. I __________(can not) sleep well last night.
4. What __________(can) you do just now?
三、 用所给词的适当形式填空。（实义动词）
首先根据句中提供的时间短语确定是否该用过去式。
然后判断该动词是属于规则动词还是不规则动词。
规则动词直接加ed，不规则动词则需强化记忆。
1. I __________(like) reading books before. But now I don’t.
2. She __________(watch) TV late yesterday evening.
3. We __________(clean) up our classroom a moment ago.
4. __________ they __________(have) any bread this morning?
5. What __________ you __________(do) the day before yesterday?
6. Tom __________(go) to visit the Great Wall last year.
7. Mr. Wang __________(sing) an English song just now.
8. __________ Lin Tao have a good time at the party last Sunday?
9. We __________(not porform) ballet yesterday. We __________(recite) a poem.
10. The wind yesterday __________(blow) strongly.

四、 句型转换。（Be动词）
否定句：直接在was/were后加not。
疑问句：将was/were提到主语之前。
1. I was born in a small town.（变为一般疑问句）
__________ you __________ in a small town?
2. Sam was a little boy at that time.（变为否定句）
Sam __________ __________ little boy at that time.
3. His friends were in the library just now.（对划线部分提问）
__________ __________ his friends just now?
4. Were they very happy yesterday?（作否定回答）
No, __________ __________.
5. Was your brother born in Chongqing?（作肯定回答）
Yes, __________ __________.
五、 句型转换。（情态动词）
肯定句：直接在could后加not.
疑问句：将could提到主语之前。
1. I could sing English songs when I was five.（变一般疑问句）
__________ you __________ English songs when you were five?
2. The boy could ride a bike last year.（变否定句）
The boy __________ __________ a bike last year.
3. They could play a game yesterday.（对划线部分提问）
What __________ they __________ yesterday?
4. Could your friends cook food last Sunday?（作肯定回答）
Yes, __________ __________.
六、 句型转换。（实义动词）
否定句：didn’t + 还原动词
疑问句：Did + 主语 + 还原动词
1. I went to Sichuan with my friends during summer holidays.（变否定句）
I __________ __________ to Sichuan with my friends during summer holidays.
2. She recited a poem at Kangkang’s birthday party.（变一般疑问句）
__________ she __________ a poem at Kangkang’s birthday party?
3. They did their homework half an hour ago.（变否定句）
They __________ __________ their homework half an hour ago.
4. Tom sang a song beautifully yesterday.（对划线部分提问）
What __________ Tom __________ yesteray?
5. Jim took many pictures in winter holidays.（变一般疑问句）
__________ Jim __________ many pictures in winter holidays?
6. Did the kid hurt himself just now?（做否定回答）
No, __________ __________.
7. They knew the girl in blue well?（对划线部分提问）
Who __________ they __________ well?
8. I forgot to close the door yesterday evening.（对划线部分提问）