英语论文格列佛游记.docx

Title: People Analysis and Irony of Gulliver's Travels
Abstract:
Many of the critics who have critiqued Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels have used the word extraneous more than once. Swift was viewed as an insane person who was a failure in life. But this is far from the truth. Swift wrote Gulliver's travels, a book that has been assigned to students for years, and it is written from experience. Swift's experience with the Tories and their conflicts with the Whigs caused him to write books that mock religious beliefs, government, or people with views differing from his own. In one of these books, Gulliver's Travels, Swift criticizes the corruption of the English government, society, science, religion, and man in general.
Gulliver's Travels is one of Jonathan Swift’s outstanding novels of travel body. The author had used plenty of Irony technique and Irony technique to build bizarre plots. Although its irony is to the court and politicians, but it has been beyond the limitation of its time. The author built a magical world through the fairy tale of fantasy, and because of the accurate, exquisite, fitting description, people can hardly feel it’s fictional.
Key Words: Irony Gulliver character
Chapter 1: Introduction
The Author gives some account of himself and family and his first inducements to Travel---He is shipwrecked, and swims for his life. At last he gets safe on shore in the country of Lilliput and is made a prisoner, and carried up the country. When he travels again, he is also unlucky that the storm attacked him again. He was brought to a strange land. There, people are very taller like a tower but he is small like mouse. They use him make money and consider him as a toy. The author, by a lucky accident, finds means to leave, and after some difficulties, he returned safe to his native country. In the next few years, Gulliver went through a few times of risks, but also, in the end he comes back to his native country.
Chapter 2: People Analysis
Gulliver is like travelers, they are tired of along and bored travel. He has a good memory and is good at study and survey. He has a special thinking. Friendly and kind is his nature. For the friend he can pay the live. He is cleaver, brave. Greek rationalism was emphasized. The joy of people comes from the operation of reason use, because the reason is the unique human glory and power. In the classical rationalism which appears reason distinguishes man from other creatures. The human pursuit of rational life of the highest level he deals with is smooth and reasonable.
The emperor of Lilliput, attended by several of the nobility, comes to see the author in his confinement. Learned men are appointed to teach the author their language. He gains favor by his mild disposition. His pockets are searched, and his sword and pistols was taken from him. The author diverts the emperor, and his nobility of both sexes, in a very uncommon manner. The author has his liberty granted him upon certain conditions. Talking clever decisive act, to play it by ear, to seize every opportunity to seek freedom, there is a strong self-confidence believing that he can succeed. He was honest, patriotic, very spared his pride, for he is full of hostility to hatred, disgust and contempt, but respects a noble man, knowledgeable scholar. He is a general query spirit, love of truth, a courageous endurance. He traveled among the increasing insight into the social’s reality of corruption, come to the conclusions of British society is not civilized. Gulliver's image is the embodiment of thought. The author gives him all the virtues described by the characters, Gulliver does not care about personal gains and losses, but caring for others. Gulliver is a positive good character. He was always frank account of their own weaknesses and mistakes, but the advantage is no mention of their own. His humble, studious, made him no hard to meet new realities with a new vision. He never gives up himself, even regarded as a plaything for people to watch over, he still poised to maintain his dignity, to equal the country's king of attitude and adult conversation. Courage to help his country against foreign invasion villain, but categorically refused to villain policy of aggression and expansion in the King's service.
Folin Nai Pu--Lilliput Kingdom Chancellor of the Exchequer—is a suspicious, sinister and vicious man. The relevant circumstances: Gulliver is generous and trapping, but do not come fleet for war by the ancient king appreciated, Folin Nai Pu was very angry, and suspected that Gulliver and his wife of adultery. Let other ministers seek framed, much vilified, and finally he was forced to flee not to Ancient Graves.
Sri Lanka, Lilliput Kingdom Admiral, is a jealousy, sinister and cunning people. The relevant circumstances: the king of Lilliput is an ambitious man, he do not come with the neighboring countries of ancient war with Groves. Gulliver cannot wade through the Straits to most ancient fleet captured over Hargreaves, from Gulliver by Lilliputian King reuse, Sri Lanka opened to much dissatisfaction with the Chancellor of the Exchequer Gulliver murder conspiracy.
Grid is a learned, sensible, kind, open-minded and strong rule of the monarch. The relevant circumstances: grid King is knowledgeable and good temperament, he used reason, justice, kindness to govern the country, and hates the despicable clauses said politicians and the bloodshed of war. In the first, the treatment of some of the Gulliver mean the feeling of life, but with the second part, this feeling will disappear.
The King of Houyhnhnms is wise, hardworking, brave, kind and friendly, with integrity of the ideal of humanity. In "Gulliver's Travels", Gulliver in the perspective of the protagonist describes the adventures of the four country adventure: Lilliput, Brobdingnag, flying island, and Houyhnhnms States. Gulliver's shipwreck made him came to Lilliput. Residents here only six inches tall, monarch greed war rolling country. The author holds a condescending point of view, looking down with a giant vision of human absurdity small. Gulliver's curiosity leads him to the strayed Brobdingnag. The residents here are no lower than spire. From their points of view, Gulliver is a small dwarf, looking vulgar and heartless man. After Gulliver was pirated, he visited the flying islands. This dependency was shrouded control, urban and rural desolation. Gulliver was mutiny, Houyhnhnms traverse the country. The ruler is highly rational, humanoid animal. "Gulliver’s Travels" deeply ironic corruption of current affairs, to bizarre and even disgusting plot, silly satire pedantic, and reflect on different aspects of human nature. Whether the adventure story is a fantasy fiction, or a travelogue, a political commentator, or an allegorical literature, it is worth reading the classic view.
Chapter 3: Irony in Gulliver's Travels
One of the most interesting questions about “Gulliver’s Travels” is whether the Houyhnhnms represent an ideal of rationality or whether on the other hand they are the butt of Swift's satire. In other words, in Book IV, is Swift poking fun at the talking horses or does he intend for us to take them seriously as the proper way to act? If we look closely at the way that the Houyhnhnms act, we can see that in fact Swift does not take them seriously: he uses them to show the dangers of pride.
First we have to see that Swift does not even take Gulliver seriously. For instance, his name sounds much like gullible, which suggests that he will believe anything. Also, when he first sees the Yahoos and they throw excrement on him, he responds by doing the same in return until they run away. He says, "I must discover some more rational being," even though as a human he is already the most rational being there is. This is why Swift refers to Erasmus Darwin’s discovery of the origin of the species and the voyage of the Beagle to show how Gulliver knows that people are at the top of the food chain. But if Gulliver is satirized, so are the Houyhnhnms, whose voices sound like the call of castrati. They walk on two legs instead of four, and seem to be much like people. As Gulliver says, "It was with the utmost astonishment that I witnessed these creatures playing the flute and dancing a Vienna waltz. They seemed like the greatest humans ever seen in court, even more cleverness than the Lord Edmund Burke". As this quote demonstrates, Gulliver is terribly impressed, but his admiration for the Houyhnhnms is short-lived because they are so prideful. For instance, the leader of the Houyhnhnms claims that he has read all the works of Charles Dickens, and that he can singlehandedly recite the names of all the Kings and Queens of England up to George II. Swift subtly show that this Houyhnhnms pride is misplaced when, in the middle of the intellectual competition, he forgets the name of Queen Elizabeth’s husband.
Swift’s satire of the Houyhnhnms comes out in other ways as well. One of the most memorable scenes is when the dapple grey mare attempts to woo the horse that Gulliver has brought with him to the island. First she acts flirtatiously, parading around the bewildered horse. But when this does not have the desired effect, she gets another idea: "As I watched in amazement from my perch in the top of a tree, the sorrel nag dashed off and returned with a yahoo on her back which was yet more monstrous than Mr. Pope being fitted by a clothier. She dropped this creature before my nag as if offering up a sacrifice. My horse sniffed the creature and turned away." It might seem that we should take this scene seriously as a failed attempt at courtship, and that consequently we should see the grey mare as an unrequited lover. But it makes more sense if we see that Swift is being satiric here: it is the female Houyhnhnm who makes the move, which would not have happened in eighteenth-century England. The Houyhnhm is being prideful, and it is that pride that makes him unable to impress Gulliver’s horse. Gulliver imagines the horse saying, the notion of creating the bare backed beast with an animal who had held Mr. Pope on her back makes people crazy.
A final indication that the Houyhnmns are not meant to be taken seriously occurs when the leader of the Houynhms visits Lilliput, where he visits the French Royal Society. He goes into a room in which a scientist is trying to turn wine into water. The scientist has been working hard at the experiment for many years without success, when the Houyhnmn arrives and immediately knows what to do: "The creature no sooner stepped through the doorway than he struck upon a plan. Slurping up all the wine in sight, he quickly made water in a bucket that sat near the door".
He has accomplished the scientist’s goal, but the scientist is not happy, for his livelihood has now been destroyed. Swifts clear implication is that even though the Houyhnhmns are smart, they do not know how to use that knowledge for the benefit of society.
Throughout Gulliver’s Travels, the Houyhnhms are shown to be an ideal gone wrong. Though their intent might have been good, they don't know how to do what they want to do because they are filled with pride. They mislead Gulliver and they even mislead themselves. The satire on them is particularly well explained by the new born Houyhnhm who, having just been born, exclaims, "With this sort of entrance, what must I expect from the rest of my life!".
Chapter 4: Conclusion
Fantasy plots combining the authenticity and reality, but also to add fiction unique artistic charm. Although the author is a fictional show's magical world of fairy tale, but it is based on the real life of British society. Because of the precise, delicate, aptly described, people feel it is a fictional illusion, it seems that all the facts are the truth. He once declared: "I would prefer the simplicity of narrative writing out the extraordinary fact that, as I wrote this book primarily reports to you, not for your amusement ". Despite the Lilliput, Brobdingnag, the country Houyhnhms, different scenarios, the hero of the situation is not the same, but the layout of the whole novel, the style consistent, Gulliver’s each travel has been detailed account of the causes and effects, complex plot according to numerous time and space in the order described simple and vivid writing, strong narrative, which for hundreds of years, "Gulliver's Travels” in the European tastes, including women and children. Not only attacked the social status of the novel, still deeper level, the direct irony of human nature itself. In the fourth volume, the on the "money" that part of discussion is the case. Gulliver came to no money, no military police Houyhnhms countries, the owner explained to his horse, said: "We get a wild monkey that whether it be with or save, money is better, not fill time, because their nature is so, not extravagance is insatiable. The rich enjoy the labor of the poor, the poor and the rich in the number ratio is a thousand to one. Therefore, the majority of our people were forced off a miserable life ". Author notes that capitalist society between people purely financial relationships. And thus there exists a question of human nature.
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