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第三部分 英语四六级作文
改卷感悟
四六级改卷工作已结束。和往年评分标准一样，对作文分为以下几个等级进行打分：0分，2分，5分，8分，11分，14分。老师评分主要是进行GLOBAL READING，也就是进行整体给分，不是仔细推敲给分。鉴于此情况，就考试的一些作文应试注意事项告知大家，希望对大家即将参加的考试的作文部分有所说明。
1． 大家拿到作文题目之后，先要仔细阅读题目明确作文的类型。这一点是非常关键的因为四级相对很强调作文的结构。如果没有一个很清楚的结构，一定会失去一定的分数。四级作文一般有下面三种结构：说明文，议论文和应用文写作。说明文主要可以分为阐述主题类型的，利弊类型的，原因结果类型的，解决问题类型的以及谚语说明类型。议论文主要是就观点进行反驳类型的。应用文写作主要包括演讲词，求职求学信，邀请信，感谢信和投诉信等。所以大家必须在平时复习的过程明确各种类型的写作结构，这样在考试时候就可以在结构上不会出现任何问题，也不会因为写跑题而失分。
2． 开始写作文时一定要段落清楚，有明显的开头，主体和结论部分。也就是大家要学会分段落，不要象记流水账一样，一段到底，这样就会给老师留下很坏的印象。同时在文章写作过程中，一定要学会使用一些句子之间以及引起和结束文章时候的连接词，这样的话可以使文章很自然，流畅。比如在写文章主体的时候可以用首先，其次，再次这样的连接词，或者一方面，另一方面，等这样的词。这些都是很容易引起老师的注意，可以得分的地方。
3． 写文章时候尽量多用一些四级词汇，这样也可以提高老师的印象。但不是说你用的词很多，而写出的句子结构，语法错误太多。这样也会很糟糕的。因此大家一定要注意，如果自己词汇不怎么多的时候，你不要用自己不明确和不会拼写的词，还有一定要确保句子的正确性，尽量避免语法结构的错误。即使你使用的简单句，但是写的很清楚，没任何错误，也可以得到不错的分数。
4． 注意文章的长度安排，短的作文一定是不可以的，也就是字数要达到要求。但是长的作文如果几乎每句话都有错误也不能得到好的分数。所以大家一定要注意，写的时候要长度适中，确保写出的句子错误很少，即使观点只是很一般，没什么新的地方。也能得到相对好的分数。
5． 卷面一定要整洁，字一定要写的漂亮，这可以在很大程度上影响你们分数的升降。印象分数几乎全部是这个决定的 ，所以大家也要主要平时HANDWRITING的练习。
决胜关键在于创造闪光点
四六级考试越来越使范本无用武之地，阅卷老师在阅卷的过程中更多的是关注同学们的用词和句型的使用。
高分作文标志：
1、四级120-150字；六级150—180字；
2、是否长短句交叉；
3、用词是否恰当，准确，形象，尽量使用能够吸引阅卷老师眼球的闪光词；
4、关键词是否换用，切勿老用重复词；
这是一些建议，希望对各位同学有帮助，能很好的通过下次的考试。
二 高分作文注意事项：
1.适当用被动代替主动，这样能更客观的反映事实。句子开头不要总是用we / I (比如写结尾时不用we should pay attention to而用Attention should be paid to. )
举个经典结尾2004年六月六级作文的最后一段：
It is， therefore，high time that some applicable approaches were implemented by the
service industry like that. Thus，its competitive edge will be sharpened effectively.
2.善于使用插入语，比如说把副词、连接词等，作插入语放在中间，一般放在主语、动词或者助动词后，两边分别加上逗号。
如however / therefore /for example/I believe做插入语放在中间，一般放在动词，助动词后，两边分别加上逗号。
比如说：Other individuals, however, take the attitude that…
3.一定要学会换词，换形象，具体的代替太宽泛的。(考试中一般不要出现good, bad , many, thing, think, people, opinion等等)
比如上面例子中，applicable代替proper；approaches代替ways, implement代替carry out, sharpen one’s competitive edge代替enhance one’s competitiveness(提高某物竞争力)
高分作文举例：
Computer and I
I never forget the very exciting day when my mother bought me a computer as birthday present, which made me excited so that I indulged myself in searching a lot of useful information I had expected , and enjoy a great deal
of beautiful classic music. That night I was sleepless, feeling that the whole world belonged to me.
thrilling替换exciting
an army of替换a lot of
The dawn of the new century witnessed the increasing popularity of computers. Coincident with the advancement of science and technology, computers pouring into the current society as a fashion are appealing to growing individuals. It is no exaggeration to say we have been submerged by them, in large measure!
The dawn of the new century witnessed是一个精彩句型，用来描述在某个时期发生了什么事情；
Increasing popularity替换more and more popular
Coincident with…非常地道的词汇，表达“与…一致”的意思，替换With…
Advancement替换development
Pour into ( flood into / swarm into )替换enter
Current ( currently )替换now
Appeal to sb.替换sb. be interested in sth.
Growing individuals替换more and more people
It is no exaggeration to say经典句型，说某事是毫不夸张的
For a start, we can, freely, search desired information at any moment . Little by little, our knowled-ge will be well enriched, and our horizons will be greatly broadened. Additionally, we can get hu-ge recreations online by chatting, playing games, or delivering email.
For a start替换To begin with
We can, freely, search用了插入语的写作手法
our knowledge will be well enriched, and our horizons will be greatly broadened.用了非常精彩的被动
Additionally替换In addition / Besides
Deliver替换send
There is no denying that , however, computers can function in the disservice of human beings, in a way, especially the growing violence ,***, porn pictures, AV-films emerging on the screen , which leads quiet a few net citizens to copying.
There is no denying that , however, computers can function in the disservice of human beings,这个句子有三个精彩之处，首先There is no denying that这个句型，还有however作为插入语，function in the disservice of替换do harm to
Emerging代替appearing ( fading代替disappearing )
Net citizen网民，属于精彩用词
As a classic proverb goes that no garden has no weeds. Computers do play a positive role in the development of people’ lives, despite a slice of unfavorable impacts. We should, therefore, take advantage of the fruits and avoid the opposite facet.
No garden has no weeds替换Every coin has two sides
Computers do play，do强调
Positive替换important / good等
A slice of替换a part of
Unfavorable替换bad
Impacts替换effects / influences
We should, therefore, take advantage of…使用插入语
Fruits (而且fruits用的非常形象，merits/ virtues)替换advantage ( defects替换disadvantage )
Facet替换aspect
由此可见，上面的作文里有这么多精彩的闪光点，作文怎么会不得高分呢！
三 四级高分作文30个最经典的替换词
1: sophomore, individuals, characters, folks代替(people ,persons)
2: positive, favorable, rosy(美好的 days)，promising (future) (有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding代替good
3: dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse(有害的)代替bad 如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive代替
eg. An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.
4: (an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of , many, if not most)代替many.
注：用many, if not most一定要小心，many后一定要有词。
Eg. Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that….同理用most, if not all ,代替most.
5: a slice of, quiet a few , several代替some
6: harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that,
it is universally acknowledged that)替think (因为是书面语，所以要加that)
7: affair ,business ,matter代替thing
8: shared代common
9: reap huge fruits代替get much benefit )
e.g. Students can reap huge fruits from social experience (benefit from, be of great benefit …)
10: for my part ,from my own perspective代替in my opinion
11: Increasing(ly),growing代替more and more(注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing.修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.
Eg. sth has gained growing popularity.
Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth.
12: little if anything,或little or nothing代替hardly
13: beneficial rewarding代替helpful be beneficial of
14: shopper, client, consumer, purchaser,代替customer
15: exceedingly, extremely (important) 代替very
16: hardly unnecessary, hardly inevitable ...代替necessary, evitable
17: sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous
fascination on sb代替sb take interest in
18: capture one’s attention代替attract one’s attention.
e.g. The damage of facilities ~
19: facet, dimension, sphere代aspect
20: be indicative of , be suggestive of , be fearful of 代 indicate, suggest , fear
21: give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger代替cause.
22: There are several reasons behind sth代替..reasons for sth
23: desire代替want.
24: pour attention into代替pay attention to
25: bear in mind that代替remember
26: enjoy, possess代替have(注意process是过程的意思)
27: interaction代替communication
28: frown on sth代替be against , disagree with sth
29: to name only a few, as an example代替for example
30: next to/virtually impossible,代替nearly impossible
四 作文常用句型一
英语写作的题材与我们日常生活息息相关，通常涉及事物间的比较，说明其相似性和相异性、事物之间的因果关系，有时要求考生分析事实，找出原因或解决问题的方法，或对一个问题提出个人看法等，所以，考生在复习写作时，要尽可能熟悉和掌握表达这些关系的常用句型：
1)相似性
(1)A is to B what／as C is to D(A之于B犹如C之于D)．例句：
Moral corruption is to the State as physical disease is to an individual body.
Classic music is to my generation what pops are to her generation．
(2)Just as．．．，so...．(正如...，...也如此)．例句：
Just as woods are indispensable to birds，so is the earth to human beings．
Just as they must put aside their prejudices，so we must be prepared to accept their good faith．
(3)A and B have something in common(A和B有共同之处)．例句：
As human beings，the Americans and Chinese have lots of things in common．
Tom and I have background in common．
(4)A is similar to B(A与B相似)．例句：
My hobby is similar to his in that we both like collecting records，foreign and domestic．
My problems are very similar to yours．
(5)The same is true of／The same can be said of．．．(…也是如此)．例句
As the economies of all countries are closely interrelated no country can develop in self seclusion．The same is true of China．
2)相异性
(1)A is just the opposite(to B) (A与B正相反). 例句:
Beijing is populous and crowded，while Canberra is just the opposite．
(2)A differs (is different)from B in that．．．.(A不同于B在于…)例句：
China's condition differs from ours in that China has the largest population in the world．
The family sedans made in China are different from／than those made by the Americans．
They are more compact and energy saving．
(3)．．．(The case)is not the same(…是不相同的)／例句:
While it may be true that basketball and vo11eyball share certain features，the excitement each arouses in the spectators is not the same．
The development zones in the eastern coastal areas are mostly initiated and supported by governments，but the case is not the same with those in the west．
(4)Contrary to(on the contrary)．．．(正相反)，例句：
Contrary to our estimation，the economic situation of the country is gradually getting better．
You were not boring me with the question．On the contrary，I was much enlightened on the situation from the discussion．
3)权衡
(1)The advantages outweigh the disadvantages(利大于弊)．例句：
It seems safe to say that the advantages of marriage outweigh its disadvantages．
As is shown by the arguments，the drawbacks of cloning techno1ogy outweigh its promising advances．
(2)Nothing can rival．．．／there is no rival to(...是无与伦比的)．例句:
Perhaps nothing can rival the pleasure from reading．
There was no rival to him as a poet．
(3)．．．has drawbacks as well as merits(…既有优点，也有不足)．例句:
There could be no doubt that job-hopping has its drawbacks as well as merits．
(4)A is superior to B(A优于B)．例句：
Men may be superior to woman in Physical affairs．Yet there is no difference in intelligence．
The computer is vastly superior to the abacus．
(5)．．．varies from person to person(...是因人而异的)．例句：
People's attitude towards drugs varies from person to person．
The picture varied in detail from place to place.
4)过渡性句型(承上启下，使新观点不至显得过于突兀、武断)
(1)It is true that most jobs are a series of more or less unpleasant chores，but it doesn't follow that that's all they are．
(2)This is true， no doubt，but it is not the whole story by any means．
(3)It is fairly well known that Vitamin C is indispensable to health。But it is probably less well known that taking it excessively may do harm to the human body．
(4)This story also illustrates the importance of seizing an opportunity when it presents itself．It is one thing to be offered an opportunity; it is another thing to take it and use it well．
5)表示倍数与比例关系的句型
近年来图表作文经常出现，考生需要熟悉和掌握一些常用的句型来解释图表，分析和表达数
据间的倍数和比例关系：
(1)Asia ranks first both in area and in population among the seven continents．Europe is second to Asia in population，but in area it is the last but one．
(2)We all hope that a country's population should be in proportion to its area．Unfortunately，the reality often goes against our will．
(3)And in August as many as 39 car accidents were recorded, indicating an increase of about 79 percent as compared with the number of January．
(4)A is by far the largest university，being over three times as big as B.
“time”常用来表达倍数，总结其搭配，大致有如下几种：
倍数 + times + as large as
the size(volume, etc．) of
that of
over that of
greater(形容词比较级)+ than
as against
如：
3 times as large as 是...倍(比...大2倍)
3 times the size(volume，etc．)of 是…3倍大(比…大2倍)
17 times that of 是…的17倍
17 times over that of (for) 是…的17倍
17 times greater 比…大17倍
3 times as against 增加了2倍(为…3倍)
twice／thrice as much as 是...的2(3)倍
在表达倍数时，还可用“倍数+fold”，比如：
Between 1999 and 2002，the industrial output value of our city was up 8-fold．(在1999年到2002年这段时间，我市的工业总产值增长了7倍／为原来的8倍)。
此外，表达整数倍数的还有；“double(两倍、翻一番)”、“more than doubled(超过两倍)”、
16．5 ％ higher than(比...高出16．5％)
18 ％ above that of the same period last
24 ％ less(fewer) than(比...少了24％)
up 5．6times(增加5．6倍)
go up by 23％(增长了23％)
reduce by 18％(减少了18％)
year(比去年同期增加18％)
reduce to less(fewer)than(减少到不到…)
rise by 5．2％compared with the same period of last year(与去年同期相比上升5．2％)
register a 37％increase／decrease(增长／减少37％)
increase by 54％ over／on／above／as against the last year(比去年增长了54％)
6)引用图表内容时的过渡句型
图表作文经常使用as从句做解释性描述的过渡：
(1)As is revealed in the graph...
(2)As the survey results show...．
(3)As we could find out later in this unit，his plan was not quite as he had expected．
(4)This table provides several important points of comparison between the two universities. As can be indicated in the table，the housing space for the staff of A in 1995 was 34，500 square meters，which nearly doubled the B's corresponding figure．
7)描写曲线走势的常用句型
曲线的走势可用上升，下降、保持平稳，有所波动等用语来描述，
(1)The population rose rapidly till it reached 600，000 in 1990. Since then，though the growth continued，the momentum has slackened off．
(2)Before 1970 the birth rate remained level. Then in 1970 it fell till it reached 30 per thousand．
(3)The birth rate in this region rocketed to the highest peak in 1963 ．
(4)Although prices fluctuated between 1962 and 1972，overall，the trend was downward．
(5)The economy went up and down in a zigzag way．
(6)After a steady decline for a whole decade the country's fertility rate shows signs leveling off．
8)描述图表常用的概括性句型
这种句子通常用于文章或段落的开头和结尾：
(1) This table provides several interesting points of comparison between A and B
(2)The two graphs depict the same thing seen in two different ways．The first diagram simply records...．The second graph throws a new light on．．．
(3)The key findings taken from the surveys are as follows:．．．
(4)If drivers continue to drive more carefully and further strengthen their sense of safety, the rate of accidents can be expected to decline even more dramatically in the year 1991.
以上所列举的常用句类型只起一种示范和启示性作用。考生在阅读不同类型的范文时，要注意观察，收集积累，认真记忆，这样才能在面对不同类型的作文题目时，表达比较自如。
五 作文常用句型二
1.比较性和驳斥性
(1) The advantages of A are much greater than B.
(2) Wonderful as A is, however, it has its own disadvantages too.
(3) Although A enjoys considerable advantage over ---, it cannot compete with B in …….
(1) Although everyone believes that ---, I wonder whether the argument bears
(5) Contrary to widely accepted views. I believe --
(6) Although it is commonly held that ---, it is unlikely to be true that---
(7) It is true that -- but it doesn't follow that --
(8) It would be reasonable to take the view that---
(9) There is in fact no reason for us to believe that
(10) In all the discussion and debate over---, one important fact
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