微专题阅读理解细节题---排列顺序类题目的做题方法.docx

高一英语微专题四
阅读理解细节题--- 排列顺序类题目的做题方法 制作人：张学松
问题描述：排列顺序类题目在江苏高考和全国高考中均有涉及，排序类题目中事件发生的顺序有一定的逻辑关系，考查学生的概括和逻辑思维能力。
常见设题形式：
1. Which of the following is the correct order of ......?
2. Which word can be used to complete the following process of changes ..?
3. Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph .......?
4. Which of the following is the correct order to describe Fitzgerald’s life according to the passage?
方法点拨：
这类试题要求考生根据事件发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，排列出事件发生的先后顺序。做这类题可采用“首位定位法”，即先找出第一个事件，迅速缩小选择范围，从而迅速选出答案。从题材上看主要出现在记叙文和说明文中。
典型例题:
(2012 江西 A )
[1]Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers. Brain-computer interface(BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.
[2]......
[3].....
[4].....
[5]The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain
.[6].......
[7].......
3. Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?
A. scalp→computer→cap→wheelchair
B. computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair
C. cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair 
D. scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair 
解析：排列顺序题。根据第五段中的‘This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. ’可知信号传递的途径是先从头皮发出的，排除B和D。接下来由a special cap 接收后传递给计算机，最后通过计算机解读信号，并且把指令传给轮椅。故选择C.
训练题：
A
(2012 江苏 C )
[1]Medical drugs sometimes cause more damage than they cure. One solution to this problem is to put the drugs inside a capsule, protecting them from the body—and the body from them—until they can be released at just the right spot. There are lots of ways to trigger(引发) this release, including changing temperature, acidity, and so on. But triggers can come with their own risks—burns, for example. Now, researchers in California have designed what could be a harmless trigger to date: shining near-infrared light (NIR,近红外线) on the drug in the capsule.
[2]......
[3].....
[4]So Almutairi and her colleagues reported creating a new material for capsules that's even better. This one consists of a long chain of compounds called cresol groups linked in a polymer. Cresol contains reactive(易反应的) components that make it highly unstable in its polymeric form, a feature Almutairi and her colleagues use to their advantage. After polymerizing the cresols, they cap each reactive component with a light-absorbing compound called Bhc. When the Bhcs absorb NIR light, the reactive groups are exposed and break the long polymer into two short chains. Shining additional light continues this breakdown, potentially releasing any drugs in the capsule. What's more, Almutairi says, Bhc is 10 times better at absorbing NIR than is ONB and is not poisonous to cells.
65. Which word can be used to complete the following process of changes?

A. protected B. formed C.exposed D. combined
B
In the late 1860s, a creative engineer named John Roebling was inspired by an idea to build a bridge connecting New York with the Long Island. However, bridge building experts throughout the world thought that this was impossible.
Roebling could not ignore the vision of this bridge. He thought about it all the time and he knew deep in his heart that it could be done. He just had to share the dream with someone else. After much discussion and persuasion he managed to convince his son Washington, an up and coming engineer, that the bridge in fact could be built.
The father and son developed concepts of how it could be accomplished and how the obstacles could be overcome. With great excitement and inspiration, and the determination of meeting wild challenges, they hired their crew and began to build their dream bridge.
The project started well, but when it was only a few months underway a tragic accident on the site took the life of John Roebling. Washington was injured and left with a certain amount of brain damage, which resulted in him not being able to walk or talk or even move.
“We told them so.”
“Crazy men with crazy dreams.”
“It’s foolish to chase wild visions.”
Everyone had a negative comment and felt that the project should be abandoned. In spite of his disability Washington was never discouraged and still had burning desire to complete the bridge and his mind was still as sharp as ever.
He tried to inspire and pass on his enthusiasm to some of his friends, but they were too daunted by the task. As he lay on his bed in hospital, an idea suddenly hit him. All he could do was move one finger and he decided to make the best use of it. Slowly, he developed a code of communication with his wife.
He touched his wife’s arm with that finger, indicating to her that he wanted her to call the engineers again. Then he used the same method of tapping her arm to tell the engineers what to do. It seemed foolish but the project was under way again.
For 13 years Washington tapped out his instructions with his finger on his wife’s arm, until the bridge was finally completed in 1883.
Today the spectacular Brooklyn Bridge stands in all its glory as a proof to the great success of one man’s spirit and his determination. It stands too as a monument to the love and devotion of his wife.
63. Which of the following shows the right order of building the bridge?
a. some negative comments
b. the instructions tapped out on the arm of Washington’s wife
c. the idea to build Brooklyn Bridge
d. the determination to complete the bridge
e. the hiring of the crew
A. c,a,d,e,b B. e,d,b,a,d C. e,c,d,b,a D. c,e,a,d,b
C
Depression can be a devastating illness, plaguing millions of people worldwide with feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and fatigue. Despite numerous antidepressant drugs, as many as a third of patients don’t respond to medication. This has forced doctors to be more creative in finding different treatments for the condition.
In the past two decades, researchers have tied depression to a seemingly unrelated condition: inflammation（炎症）, the body’s natural response to stress. It could rise from injury or inflection, or even emotional issues like an unhappy marriage or problems at work. Some amount of inflammation is generally beneficial, as it increases production of cytokines (致癌因子)，proteins that help us heal and protect us from the effects of overwork.
But excessive cytokine levels, and the inflammation they bring on, could come at a cost-A number of studies suggests that high levels of cytokines could contribute to depression.
..............
61. Which of the following illustrated how depression is developed/
A. infection -→inflammation -→cytokine -→depression
B. sclip_image tress-→overwork-→inflammation -→depression
C. cytokine-→stress -→ infection-→depression
D. inflammation -→ infection-→stress-→depression
D
With a large part of the world's population living close to the oceans, rising sea levels bring the potential for destructive (破坏性的)results. But scientists are stilt unable to make predictions exact enough for people to plan to handle the loss of land and the threat to coastal communities expected over this century.
............
Climate change is expected to change ocean currents and the winds that help drive ocean currents. These changes will affect the distribution of heat within the oceans, and, as a result, affect changes in sea level.
Nowadays, scientists use two types of models to make predictions about the future of sea levels, but the two don’t agree. If scientists can't accurately predict sea-level increase for the coming years, the least we can do is measure what happening today with the help of the satellite, Jason-2, but it’s reaching the end of its operational life.
1. According to the text, which of the following shows the right cause and effect?
①climate change; ②ocean currents; ③the winds; ④changes in sea level; ⑤the distribution of heat
A. ①→②→③→④→⑤ B. ①→③→②→⑤→④
C.③→④→⑤→②→① D. ①→⑤→③→②→④
E
One of the two major types of smog—consisting of smoke, fog, sulfur dioxide, sulfuring acid (H2SO4), ash and soot—is called London smog. Indeed, the word smog is thought to have originated in England in 1905 as a contraction of the words “smoke” and “fog.”
Probably the worst case of smog in history started in London on Thursday, 4 December, 1952. A large cold air mass moved into the valley of the Thames River. A temperature inversion placed a blanket of warm air over the cold air. With nightfall, a dense fog and below-freezing temperatures caused the people of London to put coal into their small stoves. Millions of these fires burned throughout the night, pouring sulfur dioxide and smoke into the air. The next day, Friday, the people continued to bum coal when the temperature remained below freezing. The factories added their smoke and chemical fumes to the atmosphere.
Saturday was a day of darkness. For twenty miles around London, no light came through the smog. The air was cold and still. And the coal fires continued to bum throughout the weekend. On Monday, 8 December, more than one hundred people died of heart attacks while trying desperately to breathe. By the time a breeze cleared the air on Tuesday, 9 December, more than 4,000 deaths had been caused by the smog.
........
68. What is the right order about the 1952 London Smog?
a. A breeze cleared the air of London.
b. Thousands of people died.
c. There was a day of darkness in London.
d. A large cold air mass caused a blanket of warm air over London.
e. London people made continuous fires from coal to keep warm.
A. d-e-c-b-a B. c-e-d-a-b C . d-c-e-b-a D. c-d-e-a-b
6