图书馆源代码.doc

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>//输入/输出文件流类
using namespace std;
const int Maxr=100;//最多的读者
const int Maxb=100;//最多的图书
const int Maxbor=5;//每位读者最多借五本书
//读者类,实现对读者的信息的描述

class Reader
{
private:
int tag; //删除标记 1:已删 0:未删
int no; //读者编号
char name[10]; //读者姓名
int borbook[Maxbor];//所借图书
public:
Reader() { }
char *getname() {return name;} //获取姓名
int gettag() {return tag;} //获取删除标记
int getno() {return no;} //获取读者编号
void setname(char na[]) //设置姓名
{
strcpy(name,na);

}
void delbook(){ tag=1; }//设置删除标记 1:已删 0:未删
void addreader(int n,char *na)//增加读者
{
tag=0;
no=n;
strcpy(name,na);
for(int i=0;i<Maxbor;i++)
borbook[i]=0;
}
void borrowbook(int bookid)//借书操作
{
for(int i=0;i<Maxbor;i++)
{
if (borbook[i]==0)
{
borbook[i]=bookid;
return;
}}}
int retbook(int bookid)//还书操作
{
for(int i=0;i<Maxbor;i++)
{
if(borbook[i]==bookid)
{
borbook[i]=0;
return 1;
}}
return 0;
}
void disp()//读出读者信息
{
cout << setw(5) << no <<setw(10) << name<<"借书编号：[";
for(int i=0;i<Maxbor;i++)
if(borbook[i]!=0)
cout << borbook[i] << "|";
cout << "]"<<endl;

}
};

//读者类库，实现建立读者的个人资料
class RDatabase
{
private:
int top; //读者记录指针
Reader read[Maxr];//读者记录
public:
RDatabase() //构造函数，将reader.txt读到read[]中
{
Reader s;
top=-1;
fstream file("reader.txt",ios::in);//打开一个输入文件
while (1)
{
file.read((char *)&s,sizeof(s));
if (!file)break;
top++;
read[top]=s;
}
file.close(); //关闭 reader.txt
}
void clear()//删除所有读者信息
{
top=-1;
}
int addreader(int n,char *na)//添加读者时先查找是否存在
{
Reader *p=query(n);
if (p==NULL)
{
top++;
read[top].addreader(n,na);
return 1;
}
return 0;

}
Reader *query(int readerid)//按编号查找
{
for (int i=0;i<=top;i++)
if (read[i].getno()==readerid &&
read[i].gettag()==0)
{
return &read[i];
}
return NULL;
}
void disp() //输出所有读者信息
{
for (int i=0;i<=top;i++)
read[i].disp();
}
void readerdata();//读者库维护
~RDatabase() //析构函数，将read[]写到reader.txt文件中
{
fstream file("reader.txt",ios::out);
for (int i=0;i<=top;i++)
if (read[i].gettag()==0)
file.write((char *)&read[i],sizeof(read[i]));
file.close();

}
};
void RDatabase::readerdata()
{

char choice;
char rname[20];
int readerid;
Reader *r;
while (choice!='0')
{
cout <<"\n\n\t\t\t读 者 维 护\n\n\n\t\t 1 新 增\n\n\t\t 2 更 改\n\n\t\t 3 删 除\n\n\t\t 4 查 找\n\n\t\t 5 显 示\n\n\t\t 6 全 删\n\n\t\t 0 退 出"<<endl;
cin >> choice;
switch (choice)
{
case '1':
cout << "输入读者编号:";
cin >> readerid;
cout << "输入读者姓名:";
cin >> rname;
addreader (readerid,rname);
break;
case '2':
cout << "输入读者编号:";
cin >> readerid;
r=query(readerid);
if (r==NULL)
{
cout << " 该读者不存在 "<<endl;
break;
}
cout << "输入新的姓名:";
cin >> rname;
r->setname(rname);
break;
case '3':
cout << " 输入读者编号:";
cin >> readerid;
r=query(readerid);
if (r==NULL)
{
cout <<" 该读者不存在" << endl;
break;
}
r->delbook();
break;
case '4':
cout << "读入读者编号:";
cin >> readerid;
r=query(readerid);
if (r==NULL)
{
cout <<"该读者不存在"<< endl;
break;
}
r->disp();
break;
case '5':
disp();
break;
case '6':
clear();
break;
default:cout<<"输入错误，请从新输入：";break;
}
}
}

//图书类，实现对图书的描述，图书的编号，书名，借出，还入等
class Book
{
private:
int tag;//删除标记 1:已删 0:未删
int no;//图书编号
char name[20];//书名
int onshelf;//是否再架 1:再架 2:已借
public:
Book(){}
char *getname() { return name; }//获取姓名
int getno(){ return no; }//获取图书编号
int gettag(){ return tag; }//获取删除标记
void setname(char na[])//设置书名
{
strcpy(name,na);
}
void delbook(){ tag=1;}//删除图书
void addbook(int n,char *na)//增加图书
{
tag=0;
no=n;
strcpy(name,na);
onshelf=1;
}
int borrowbook()//借书操作
{
if (onshelf==1)
{
onshelf=0;
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
void retbook()//还书操作
{
onshelf=1;
}
void disp()//输出图书
{
cout << setw(6) << no << setw(18) << name << setw(10)
<<(onshelf==1? "在架":"已借") <<endl;
}
};

//图书库类，实现对图书的维护，查找，删除等
class BDatabase
{
private:
int top; //图书记录指针
Book book[Maxb]; //图书记录
public:
BDatabase()//构造函数，将book.txt读到book[]中
{
Book b;
top=-1;
fstream file("book.txt",ios::in);
while (1)
{
file.read((char *)&b,sizeof(b));
if (!file) break;
top++;
book[top]=b;
}
file.close();
}
void clear()//全删
{
top=-1;
}
int addbook(int n,char *na)//增加图书
{
Book *p=query(n);
if (NULL==p)
{
top++;
book[top].addbook(n,na);
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
Book *query(int bookid)//查找图书
{
for (int i=0;i<=top;i++)
if (book[i].getno()==bookid &&book[i].gettag()==0)
{
return &book[i];
}
return NULL;
}
void bookdata();//图书库维护
void disp()
{
for (int i=0;i<=top;i++)
if (book[i].gettag()==0)
book[i].disp();
}
~BDatabase()//析构函数，将book[]写到book.txt文件中
{
fstream file("book.txt",ios::out);
for (int i=0;i<=top;i++)
if (book[i].gettag()==0)
file.write((char *)&book[i],sizeof(book[i]));
file.close();
}
};
void BDatabase::bookdata()
{
char choice;
char bname[40];
int bookid;
Book *b;
while (choice!='0')
{
cout <<"\n\n\n\t\t\t图 书 维 护 "<<endl<<endl;
cout<<"\t\t1 新 增\n \t\t2 更 改\n\t\t3 删 除\n\t\t4 查 找\n\t\t5 显 示\n\t\t6 全 删\n\t\t0 退 出"<<endl;
cin >> choice;
switch (choice)
{
case '1':
cout << "输入图书编号:"<<endl;
cin >> bookid;
cout << "输入图书书名:"<<endl;
cin >> bname;
addbook(bookid,bname);
break;
case '2':
cout << "输入图书编号:"<<endl;
cin >> bookid;
b=query(bookid);
if (b==NULL)
{
cout << " 该图书不存在 "<<endl;
break;
}
cout << "输入新的书名:"<<endl;
cin >> bname;
b->setname(bname);
break;
case '3':
cout <<" 读入图书编号:"<<endl;
cin >> bookid;
b=query(bookid);
if (b==NULL)
{
cout <<" 该图书不存在" << endl;
break;
}
b->delbook();
break;
case '4':
cout << " 读入图书编号:"<<endl;
cin >> bookid;
b=query(bookid);
if (b==NULL)
{
cout <<" 该图书不存在"<< endl;
break;
}
b->disp();
break;
case '5':
disp();
break;
case '6':
clear();
break;
default:cout<<"输入错误，请从新输入:";
}
}
}

//main() 函数的实现，程序的主界面的引导

void main()
{
char choice;
int bookid,readerid;
RDatabase ReaderDB;
Reader *r;
BDatabase BookDB;
Book *b;
while(choice!='0')
{
cout <<endl<<endl<<"\t\t\t 图 书 管 理 系 统\n\n\n";

cout <<"\t\t\t1 借 书\n\n\t\t\t2 还 书 \n\n\t\t\t3 图 书 维 护\n\n\t\t\t4 读 者 维 护\n\n\t\t\t0 离 开"<<endl;
cin >> choice;
switch (choice)
{
case '1':
cout <<" 借书 读者编号:";
cin >>readerid;
cout <<" 图书编号： ";
cin >>bookid;
r=ReaderDB.query(readerid);//按编号查找
if (NULL==r)
{
cout <<" 不存在该读者，不能借书"<< endl;
break;
}
b=BookDB.query(bookid);
if (b==NULL)
{
cout <<" 不存在该图书，不能借书"<< endl;
break;
}
if (b->borrowbook()==0)
{
cout << " 该图书已借出，不能借书"<< endl;
break;
}
r->borrowbook(b->getno());
break;
case '2':
cout<<"还书\n 读者编号:";
cin >>readerid;
cout << " 图书编号:";
cin >>bookid;
r=ReaderDB.query(readerid);
if (r==NULL)
{
cout <<" 不存在该读者，不能还书" << endl;
break;
}
b=BookDB.query(bookid);
if (b==NULL)
{
cout <<" 不存在该图书，不能还书" <<endl;
break;
}
b->retbook();
r->retbook(b->getno());
break;
case '3':
BookDB.bookdata();
break;
case '4':
ReaderDB.readerdata();
break;
default:cout<<"输入错误，请从新输入：";

}
}
}

头文件:
============
#ifndef _DATA_STRUCT_H_
#define _DATA_STRUCT_H_

/*图书结构*/
struct Book
{
unsigned long BookID;/*图书编号*/
char BookName[512];/*书名*/
char Writer[512];/*作者*/
int CurrentNumber;/*现存量*/

Book *pNext;/*下一个图书信息*/
};

/*图书索引结构*/
struct Index
{
unsigned long BookID;/*图书编号*/
Index *pNext;/*下一个索引指针*/
};

/*借阅信息结构*/
struct Borrow
{
unsigned long BookID;/*借阅图书编号*/
char BookName[512];/*书名*/
unsigned long StuID;/*图书证号*/
char ReturnTime[512];/*归还日期*/

Borrow *pNext;/*下一个借阅信息*/
};

#endif/*_DATA_STRUCT_H_*/

实现文件:
===============
// BookManage.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。
//

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include "DataStruct.h"

/*
数据结构课程设计(基于C) 图书管理系统
悬赏分：100 - 离问题结束还有 14 天 23 小时
【问题描述】
图书管理基本业务活动包括，对一本书的采编入库、清楚库存、借阅和归还等等。试设计一个图书管理系统，将上述业务活动借助于计算机系统完成。
【基本要求】
（1） 每种书的登记至少包括书号书名作者现存量总库存量5项
（2）对书号建立索引表（线性表）以提高查找效率
（3） 系统要实现的操作及其功能定义如下：
1 采编入库：新购入一种书，经分类和确定数好之后登记到图书馆账目中去。如果这种书在账户中已有，则只将总库存量增加。
2借阅：如果一本书的现存量大于零，则借出一本，登出借阅者的图书证号和归还日期
3归还：注销对借阅者的登记，改变该书的现存量
*/

/*获取输入字符串*/
void GetInput(char *pInOutStr,int StrLen,bool OnlyGetNumber = false);
/*显示主菜单 并返回选择*/
int ShowMainMenu();
/*图书入库操作,传入参数为图书列表头指针的指针和索引信息的头指针的指针,因为在此函数内部可能会改变头指针的值*/
void PutBookInLib(Book **pHead,Index **pIndex);
/*查询图书馆库存,查询不改变数据,故传入指针即可*/
void QueryBookLib(Book *pHead);
/*借阅图书*/
void BorrowBook(Borrow **pBorrow,Book *pHead);
/*查询借阅*/
void QueryBorrow(Borrow *pBorrow);
/*归还图书*/
void ReturnBook(Borrow **pBorrow,Book *pHead);
/*释放图书链表及索引链表及借阅信息链表*/
void DeleteBookList(Book **pHead);
void DeleteIndexList(Index **pIndex);
void DeleteBorrowList(Borrow **pBorrow);

int main()
{
/*图书列表头指针*/
Book *pBookHead = NULL;
/*图书索引头指针*/
Index *pIndexHead = NULL;
/*借阅信息头指针*/
Borrow *pBorrowHead = NULL;
/*用来保存当前用户的输入*/
int ChoosedNum = -1;

while ( true )
{
ChoosedNum = ShowMainMenu();
switch(ChoosedNum)
{
case 0 :/*退出*/
{
return 0;
break;
}
case 1:/*图书入库*/
{
PutBookInLib(&pBookHead,&pIndexHead);
break;
}
case 2:/*查询库存*/
{
QueryBookLib(pBookHead);
printf("按回车键继续...");
fflush(stdin);
getchar();
system("cls");
break;
}
case 3:/*借阅图书*/
{
QueryBookLib(pBookHead);
BorrowBook(&pBorrowHead,pBookHead);
break;
}
case 4:/*查询借阅*/
{
QueryBorrow(pBorrowHead);
printf("按回车键继续...");
fflush(stdin);
getchar();
system("cls");
break;
}
case 5:/*归还图书*/
{
QueryBorrow(pBorrowHead);
ReturnBook(&pBorrowHead,pBookHead);
break;
}
}
}

DeleteBookList(&pBookHead);
DeleteIndexList(&pIndexHead);
DeleteBorrowList(&pBorrowHead);

fflush(stdin);
getchar();
return 0;
}

/*获取输入字符串*/
void GetInput(char *pInOutStr,int StrLen,bool OnlyGetNumber)
{
memset(pInOutStr,0x0,StrLen);

fflush(stdin);
int Count = 0;
while ( true )
{
char TmpC = 0;
fread(&TmpC,1,1,stdin);

if ( 10 == TmpC )
{
break;
}

if ( OnlyGetNumber && TmpC >= '0' && TmpC <= '9' )
{
pInOutStr[Count] = TmpC;
Count++;
}
else
{
pInOutStr[Count] = TmpC;
Count++;
}
}
}

/*显示主菜单 并返回选择*/
int ShowMainMenu()
{
char InPutStr[1024];

NO_INPUT:

printf("\n\n\n");
printf("******************************************************************\n");
printf("* 图书管理系统 *\n");
printf("******************************************************************\n");
printf("\n");
printf("请选择:\n");
printf("\t1.图书入库\n");
printf("\t2.查询库存\n");
printf("\t3.借阅图书\n");
printf("\t4.查询借阅\n");
printf("\t5.归还图书\n");
printf("\t0.退出\n");
printf("\n");
printf("\t输入 : ");

GetInput(InPutStr,1024,true);

if ( strlen(InPutStr) < 1 )
{
system("cls");
goto NO_INPUT;
}

return atoi(InPutStr);
}

/*图书入库操作*/
void PutBookInLib(Book **pHead,Index **pIndex)
{
Book *pWork = *pHead;
unsigned long BookID = 1;
char InPutStr[1024];

/*先计算处当前入库图书的ID号*/
if ( NULL == pWork )
{
BookID = 1;
}
else
{
while ( pWork->pNext != NULL )
{
pWork = pWork->pNext;
}
BookID = pWork->BookID + 1;
}

Book *pTmpNewBook = (Book *)(malloc(sizeof(Book)));
memset(pTmpNewBook,0x0,sizeof(Book));
Index *pTmpIndex = (Index *)(malloc(sizeof(Index)));
memset(pTmpIndex,0x0,sizeof(Index));

pTmpNewBook->BookID = BookID;
pTmpIndex->BookID = BookID;

system("cls");
printf("输入图书名称 : ");
GetInput(InPutStr,1024);
strcpy(pTmpNewBook->BookName,InPutStr);
system("cls");
printf("<<%s>>\n",pTmpNewBook->BookName);
printf("图书作者 : ");
GetInput(InPutStr,1024);
strcpy(pTmpNewBook->Writer,InPutStr);
system("cls");
printf("<<%s>>\n",pTmpNewBook->BookName);
printf("作者:%s\n",pTmpNewBook->Writer);
printf("入库数量 : ");
GetInput(InPutStr,1024,true);
pTmpNewBook->CurrentNumber = atoi(InPutStr);

if ( pTmpNewBook->CurrentNumber < 1 )
{
system("cls");
printf("入库数量错误!(按回车键继续...)");
fflush(stdin);
getchar();
system("cls");
return;
}

if ( NULL == *pHead )
{
*pHead = pTmpNewBook;
*pIndex = pTmpIndex;
}
else
{
Book *pWork = *pHead;
while ( pWork != NULL )
{
if ( strcmp(pWork->BookName,pTmpNewBook->BookName) == 0 && strcmp(pWork->Writer,pTmpNewBook->Writer) == 0 )
{
pWork->CurrentNumber += pTmpNewBook->CurrentNumber;
return;
}
pWork = pWork->pNext;
}

pWork = *pHead;
while ( pWork->pNext != NULL )
{
pWork = pWork->pNext;
}
pWork->pNext = pTmpNewBook;
Index *pWork2 = *pIndex;
while ( pWork2->pNext != NULL )
{
pWork2 = pWork2->pNext;
}
pWork2->pNext = pTmpIndex;
}

system("cls");
printf("图书:<<%s>>\n作者:%s\n入库数:%d\n\n入库操作成功!(按回车键继续...)",pTmpNewBook->BookName,pTmpNewBook->Writer,pTmpNewBook->CurrentNumber);
fflush(stdin);
getchar();
system("cls");
}

/*释放图书链表及索引链表*/
void DeleteBookList(Book **pHead)
{
Book *pWork = *pHead;
Book *pNext = pWork;
while ( NULL != pWork )
{
pNext = pWork->pNext;
free(pWork);
pWork = pNext;
}
}

void DeleteIndexList(Index **pIndex)
{
Index *pWork = *pIndex;
Index *pNext = pWork;
while ( NULL != pWork )
{
pNext = pWork->pNext;
free(pWork);
pWork = pNext;
}
}

void DeleteBorrowList(Borrow **pBorrow)
{
Borrow *pWork = *pBorrow;
Borrow *pNext = pWork;
while ( NULL != pWork )
{
pNext