咸阳师范学院《欧洲文化》2023-2024学年第一学期期末试卷.doc

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咸阳师范学院《欧洲文化》
2023-2024学年第一学期期末试卷

院(系)_______ 班级_______ 学号_______ 姓名_______

题号
一
二
三
四
五
六
总分
得分

第一部分 （共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
1、—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.
—Oh, it's too bad. You________ have made full preparations.
A．must B．can C．would D．should

2、Don’t touch your eyes, nose and mouth, because they aren’t covered by skin and can _______ the virus more easily.
A．take up B．pick up C．make up D．set up

3、The Internet is so much a part of our culture that it affects our lives by acting as a ______ for face-to-face contacts.
A．preference B．motivation
C．substitute D．guideline

4、The following________________ chosen as the candidates of the competition.
A．is B．are
C．has D．have

5、Hearing the noise outside, Granny asked me  .
A．what is happening B．what was happening
C．what it was happening D．what was it happening

6、—How was your job interview?
—Very successful. I ________ my homework about the company, you know.
A．had done B．have done
C．did D．was doing

7、—He is so delighted to make friends with Johnson.
—Oh, I see. That’s _______ they have much in common.
A．where B．how C．what D．because

8、The little boy stared at the strange man questioningly, not ________ whether to believe what he had said.
A．to know B．knowing
C．known D．having known

9、--The weather is too cold ___ March this year.
-- It was still ___ when I came here years ago.
A．for; colder B．in; cold
C．in; hot D．for; hotter

10、________ from J.K. Rowling’s book series of the same title, the “Harry Potter” movies are universally acknowledged as classics.
A．Adapting B．Having adapted
C．Adapted D．To be adapted

第二部分 阅读理解（满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
It is a question people have been asking for ages. Is there a way to turn back the aging process?
For centuries, people have been looking for a “fountain of youth.” The idea is that if you find a magical fountain, and drink from its waters, you will not age. Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de Leon searched for waters with magical powers in the early 1500s. But what he found instead is the American state of Florida.
Researchers in New York did not find an actual fountain of youth, but they may have found a way to turn back the aging process. It appears the answer may be hidden right between your eyes, in an area called the hypothalamus.
The hypothalamus is part of your brain. It controls important activities within the body. Cai Dongsheng, a professor at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, found that hypothalamus stem cells influence how fast aging takes place in the body as well. He also reported that when the hypothalamus starts aging, so does the body.
“So when hypothalamus function is in decline, particularly the loss of hypothalamus stem cells, and this protection against the aging development is lost, it eventually leads to aging.”
Using this information, the researchers began trying to activate (激活) or energize the hypothalamus in laboratory mice. They did this by injecting (注射) the animals with stem cells. Later, the researchers examined tissues and tested for changes in behavior. They looked for changes in the strength of the animals’ muscles. They also studied the social behavior and cognitive (认知) ability of the mice.
The researchers say the results show that the treatment slowed aging in the animals. Cai says injecting middle-aged mice with stem cells from younger mice helped the older animals live longer.
These findings could lead to new ways to help doctors identify and treat any number of health issues concerning aging problems. If the mice can live longer, does that mean people could have longer lives? This is the question Cai and his team are thinking about.
1、What did Juan Ponce de Leon find?
A．The American state of Florida.
B．Magical powers.
C．A Fountain of youth.
D．A way to stop the aging process.
2、What do we know about the hypothalamus?
A．It is located in the eyes.
B．It starts aging due to the increase of its stem cells.
C．It plays a key role in controlling the aging process.
D．It functions well when the body starts aging.
3、What did the researchers do during the experiment?
A．They strengthened the muscles of the mice.
B．They examined tissues and tested the behaviour of mice.
C．They injected the stem cells into the younger mice.
D．They changed the social behavior and cognitive ability of the mice.
4、What would the researchers probably do next?
A．Inject stem cells of mice into humans.
B．Research on the cognitive psychology.
C．Help the mice live longer.
D．See if anti-aging effects also work in human beings.

B
It is not only praise or punishment that determines a child's level of confidence. There are some other important ways we shape our kids — particularly by giving instructions and commands in a negative or positive choice of words. For example, we can say to a child ＂Don’t run into traffic!＂ or ＂Stay on the footpath close to me.＂ In using the latter, you will be helping your kids to think and act positively, and to feel competent in a wide range of situations, because they know what to do, and aren’t scaring themselves about what not to do.
Why does such a small thing make a difference? It is all in the way the human mind works. When we think, we automatically rehearse. For example, if someone offered you a million dollars not to think of a blue monkey for two minutes, you wouldn’t be able to do it. When a child is told ＂Don't fall off the tree, ＂ he will think of two things: ＂don’t＂ and ＂fall off the tree＂. That is, he will automatically create the picture of falling off the tree in his mind. A child who is vividly imagining falling off the tree is much more likely to fall off. So it is far better to use ＂Hold on to the tree carefully.＂
Clear, positive instructions help kids to understand the right way to do things. Kids do not always know how to be safe, or how to react to the warning of the danger in negative words. So parents should make their commands positive. ＂Sam, hold on firm to the side of the boat＂ is much more useful than ＂Don't you dare to fall out of the boat?＂ or worse still ＂How do you think I'll feel if you drown?＂ The changes are small but difference is obvious.
Children learn how to guide and organize themselves from the way we guide them with our words, so it pays to be positive.
1、Positive choice of words helps kids to____________.
A．do things carefully B．build up their confidence
C．improve their imagination D．learn in different situation
2、What can we infer from Paragraph 2?
A．A child will act on what is instructed.
B．One can’t help imagining what is heard.
C．A child will fall off the tree when told not to.
D．One won’t think of a blue monkey when given money.
3、Which of the following commands helps kids to be safe?
A．Fasten your seat belt.
B．Don’t play by the lake.
C．How do you think I’ll feel if you get hurt?
D．Don’t you dare to walk through the red light.
4、The main idea of the passage is that _____________.
A．praise makes kids confident
B．right instructions keep kids safe
C．clear commands make kids different
D．choice of words can make a difference

第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．
He really did look like a tourist, with a camera around his neck and a bottle of sunscreen sticking out of his bag． The fat man sat on the terrace (草坪), drinking lemonade, a little bit each time, and 1 to look at a smooth and shiny cruise brochure．His sunglasses 2 his eyes, but I knew he wasn’t looking at the brochure: he hadn’t turned a 3 for the last ten minutes．
As I brought him what he had ordered, he coughed up a “thank you” and looked at me 4 ．I tried not to stare at the tiny scar across his left eyebrow．
I walked back inside with my 5 tray (托盘), shaking my head．He looked 6 but I couldn’t quite place him．
Then it 7 me．The car accident．The 8 stranger who helped me out of my smashed car, 9 before it exploded．I 10 back to his table．
He was gone．
I moved his saucer and found his tip, along with a 11 :
I am deeply 12 to you．The night of your car accident, I was on my way to 13 a jewelry store．Saving your 14 brought things back in perspective (看法)．I now live an honest life, thanks to you．God bless you! Mr. D．
I trembled．The night of my car accident, I was 15 for an interview in a shady dance club．Seeing human kindness through his 16 gesture turned my life around and brought 17 back into my life．
I 18 the tip he left．Among the one-dollar notes was a 100-dollar note with a pen mark 19 “In God We Trust”, which first appeared on paper money in 1957．
I said a silent 20 for him and got back to work, smiling．
1、A．asking B．pretending C．refusing D．burning
2、A．masked B．protected C．beautified D．comforted
3、A．picture B．bottle C．page D．dish
4、A．shyly B．worriedly C．fixedly D．briefly
5、A．empty B．clean C．heavy D．new
6、A．kind B．familiar C．sad D．puzzled
7、A．attracted B．failed C．moved D．hit
8、A．funny B．wealthy C．mysterious D．hungry
9、A．even B．perhaps C．just D．long
10、A．rushed B．inched C．struggled D．danced
11、A．book B．card C．notice D．poster
12、A．committed B．attached C．guilty D．grateful
13、A．rob B．visit C．help D．manage
14、A．money B．face C．life D．time
15、A．waiting B．longing C．heading D．preparing
16、A．friendly B．heroic C．traditional D．exciting
17、A．happiness B．glory C．honesty D．faith
18、A．dropped B．doubted C．weighed D．unfolded
19、A．colouring B．underlining C．enlarging D．deleting
20、A．prayer B．hello C．congratulation D．apology

第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank
A new study shows that 1．(good) your short-term memory, the faster you feel fed up and decide you’ve had enough The findings appear in the Journal of Consumer Research
Noelle Nelson, assistant professor of marketing and consumer behavior at the University of Kansas School of Business She and her colleague Joseph Redden at the University of Minnesota tried to think outside the lunch box “Something that was interesting to me is that some people get tired of things 2． very different rates When you think about pop songs on the radio, some people must still be enjoying them and requesting them even after hearing them a lot But a lot of other people are really sick of those same songs” The difference, the researchers supposed, might have to do with memories of past consumption
The researchers tested the memory capacity of undergraduates The students then viewed a repeating series of three classic paintings…like The Starry Night, American Gothic, and The Scream…or listened and re-listened to a series of three pop songs…or three pieces of classical music Throughout the test, the participants were asked to rate their experience on a scale of zero to ten “We found that people with larger capacities remembered more about the music or art, which led to them 3．(get) tired of the music or art more quickly So remembering more details actually made the participants feel like they’d experienced the music or art more often” The findings suggest that marketers 4． cope with our desire for their products by figuring out ways to distract us and keep us from fully remembering our experiences We could also trick 5． into eating less junk food by recalling the experience of a previous snack As for kids easily bored, just tell them to forget about it—it might help them have more fun
Clearly if we are to participate in the society in which we live, we must communicate with other people A great deal of communicating is performed on a person-to-person basis by the simple means of speech If we travel in buses, buy things in shops, or eat in restaurants, we are likely to have conversations 6． we give information or opinions, receive news or comment and very likely have our views 7．(challenge) by other members of society
Face-to face contact is by no means the only form of communication and during the last two hundred years the art of mass communication 8．(become) one of the dominating factors of current society Two things, above others, have caused the enormous growth of the communication industry Firstly, inventiveness has led to advances in printing, telecommunications, photography, radio and television Secondly, speed has revolutionized the transmission and reception of communications9． local news often takes a back seat to national news, which itself is often almost eclipsed (失去优势) by international news
No longer is the possession of information restricted to a wealthy minority In the last century the wealthy man with his own library was indeed fortunate, but today there are public libraries Forty years ago, people used to go to the cinema, but now far more people sit at home and turn on the TV to watch a program that 10．(channel) into millions of homes…

第四部分 写作（共两节）第一节 短文改错（满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1、每处错误及修改均仅限一词。
2、只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Applying for a foreign university is a huge project、 Here is my experience、 I did voluntary work in Grade One、 I listed all of my achievement and the voluntary work I have done、 After complete the online admission process, I took a deep breathe and dreamed about my dream college、 However, except offer from the University of California, San Diego (UCSD), I total got eight rejections、 One day, I locked myself in my room but thought about what I had done、 Finally I understood that I could learn nothing from the experience even though those rejections were made me sad、 I accepted the UCSD's offer and adjusted myself quickly、 For this attitude, everything I saw of UCSD thrilled me、

第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
你发现你的好友小明最近很苦恼，并得知：为了让他专注学习考上理想大学，家人打算让他母亲不再跟随父亲外出打工，而在学校旁租房专门陪读。对于是否接受这个决定，他左右为难，拿不定主意。
请给小明写封邮件劝慰他，内容包括：
1．分析父母为什么做这个决定；
2. 建议他接受或者拒绝，并说明理由。
注意：1．词数100左右（开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数。）
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Xiaoming,
Are you feeling better now ?
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