牛津英语M1+U2复习.doc

M1 unit2 核心归纳，抓要点核心考点limit3年1考balance3年2考be supposed to3年1考feel like3年1考as if3年6考have sth. Done3年1考核心单词1. fault n. 过错，错误Im not your sort, who is always trying to find fault with others. 我不是你那种人，总爱挑别人的不是。Its your own fault for being late. 你迟到是你自己的过失。It was not our fault that we were late. 这次迟到不是我们的错。My memory was at fault. 我记错了。【归纳】 find fault with 挑剔，找的岔子，对 吹毛求疵It be sb. s fault that. . . 是某人的错be ones fault for doing sth. 做某事是某人的过错at fault 有责任，有错【熟词生义】读句子猜含义There is a basic fault in the design of the engine. It cannot be fixed. ( 缺陷 ) 2. scene n. (戏剧的)一场，场面；景色The scenes are changed during the interval. 剧间休息时更换布景。We were deeply impressed by the delightful rural scene. 赏心悦目的乡村景色给我们留下了深刻印象。【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空scene指局部的(一处的)、一眼可见的风景，不限于自然的风景；也指舞台的场景scenery指某一国家或地区整体的自然风景，由多个scene构成的景色，即风景的总称，是不可数名词view指人从某一特定地点看到的景色、风景，尤指由高处眺望到的景色sight指某一地区值得观赏的具有特色的人文景观、风景名胜等Hangzhou is famous for its beautiful scenery. There are a lot of tourist attractions here, among which the West Lake is one. If you stand on the top of Leifeng Pagoda, youll get a good view of it. You can see the boats on the lake making a beautiful scene. Welcome to Hangzhou and see the sights of it. 3. upset adj. 不高兴的，失望的 vt. 使不高兴，使失望; 打翻，弄翻观察句子，写出黑体部分的词性和含义Theres no point getting upset about it. （adj. 难过的，不高兴的）Dont upset yourselfno harm has been done. （vt. 使难过）A large wave upset the boat. （vt. 打翻，弄翻） He arrived an hour late and upset all our arrangements. （vt. 打乱，搅乱） 【助记】The little boy is doing his homework while two flies are always upsetting him, and he is upset about them, only to upset the glass full of water. 小男孩在做作业，有两只苍蝇老是嗡嗡地打扰他，小男孩很烦恼，结果失手打翻了装满水的杯子。4. defend vt. 辩解，辩白；防御，保护(1) defend sb. / sth. 保卫，保护；为辩解 defend. . . from/against. . . 保护免受(2) defence/defense n. 防御, 答辩, 防护 in defence of 保卫，捍卫；为辩护The accused man had a lawyer to defend him. 被告有一名律师为他辩护。If the dog attacks you, you can use a stick to defend youself against it. 如果那条狗扑向你, 你可以用棍子自卫。全国人民为捍卫祖国领土而英勇战斗。(一句多译)The whole country fought bravely to _ defend their territory. =The whole country fought bravely in defence of their territory. 5. deserve vt. 值得；应得；应受deserve sth. 值得deserve to do 值得做，应该做deserve doing(=to be done) 值得被做，应该被做She deserves a reward for her efforts. 她积极努力, 应得到奖赏。If you do wrong, you deserve punishing/to be punished. 你如果做错事, 应当受罚。They certainly deserved to win that match. 他们当然应该赢得那场比赛。You deserve a promotion after all the hard work you have done. (句型转换)=You deserve to be promoted after all the hard work you have done. =You deserve promoting after all the hard work you have done. 【点津】 deserve doing是用主动形式表示被动意义。有类似用法的还有need, want, require。6. insist vi. 坚持；坚持认为insist on/upon doing sth. 坚持做某事insist+that-clause 坚持认为, 坚决要求(2012湖北高考)The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct procedure in applying for a visa. 那位官员坚持认为迈克尔在申请签证时没有遵循正确的程序。The young man insisted on being sent to the front, which moved the people present. 那个年轻人坚持被派往前线，这感动了在场的人。She insists that she (should) be paid equally. 她坚持要得到同等的工资。 【点津】 insist后接宾语从句，表示“坚决要求，坚持做”时，用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用should+动词原形, should可以省略。表示“坚持某种看法、意见”时，宾语从句用陈述语气。 7. forbid vt. 禁止I forbid you the use of my tape recorder. 我不许你使用我的录音机。Our government forbids killing wildlife for food. 政府禁止杀死野生动物来食用。She says Tom has forbidden her to go out with us. 她说汤姆不许她和我们一块出去。【归纳】forbid sb. sth. 禁止某人某事forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事8. normal n. & adj. 正常(的)，一般(的)go back/return to normal 恢复正常above/below normal 高于/低于标准Weeping is a normal response to pain. 哭泣是痛苦的正常反应。It was several days before the floodwater sank and life returned to normal. 过了几天洪水才退去, 生活恢复了正常。The rain raised the river two meters above normal. 雨水使得这条河水位超出标准两米。【辨析】理解下列区别并选词填空normal一般的，指不超过某种限度、符合某种标准或常规ordinary普通的，强调一般性和普通性，含“不突出”的意味usual 通常的，指常见常闻和常做的事或举动，强调经常性regular 规则的，指已有模式、有规律或定期的Today Li Lei, an ordinary senior high student, has to get up earlier than usual because he will take an important exam. At half past six, he comes to the bus stop, where he will take the regular bus to his school. It is normal for a student to feel nervous before an exam. Li Lei is no exception. But he says he will try his best to do well in the coming exam.9. tend vi. 往往；趋向 vt. 照看(1) tend to do sth. 易于，往往会做某事 tend to/towards 倾向于；趋于 tend (to) sb. 照料/护理某人(2) tendency n. 倾向，趋势 have a tendency to do sth. 倾向于做某事I tend to go to bed earlier during the winter. 我在冬天常睡得较早。He tends towards/to extreme views. 他的观点趋于偏激。He carefully tended these flowers all summer. 他整个夏天都在精心地照料着这些花卉。Housing prices have a tendency to increase. 房价有上涨的趋势。10. limit n. 限制；极限；界限 vt. 限制Im willing to help, within limits. 我愿意帮忙，但有一定的限度。Our government has set a strict limit to drunk driving. 我国政府严格限制酒后驾驶。We must limit the expenses to what we can afford. 我们必须把开销限制在我们的经济能力范围内。【归纳】 set a limit to 限制；控制within limits 在某种程度上，有一定限制limit. . . to. . . 把限制在【高考链接】(2011湖北高考)Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also _ our thinking. A. direct B. limit C. change D. improve【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们要想成功，知识和学问是重要的，但是它们可能也限制了我们的思维。direct指引，指导；limit限制；change改变；improve提高。根据句意可知选B。11. balance vt. &vi. & n. 平衡；抵消keep/lose ones balance 保持/失去平衡a balance in sth. /between A and B /A和B的均衡状态the balance of ecology 生态平衡balanced adj. 保持平衡的How long can you balance on one foot? 你能单脚站立多久? His lack of experience was balanced by his willingness to learn. 他的好学弥补了经验不足。Try to keep a better balance between work and play. 力争把工作和娱乐更好地平衡起来。We should have a healthy and balanced diet to keep fit. 为了身体健康，我们应有健康均衡的饮食。【助记】掌握“平衡”【高考链接】(2012天津高考)You are working too hard. Youd better keep a _ between work and relaxation. A. promise B. lead C. balance D. diary【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意: 你工作太努力了。你最好在工作和放松之间保持平衡。promise诺言；lead领先；balance平衡；diary日记。keep a balance为固定短语, 意为“保持平衡”, 符合句意, 故选C。短语和句式12. turn up找到；出现；发生；调大观察句子，写出黑体部分的含义Turn up the radio a little. I cant hear it clearly. 音量调大He turned up late as usual. 出现，露面 I am sure the electronic dictionary will turn up one day. 被找到 【拓展】turn to 转向，求助于turn in 上交 turn over 翻身，翻开 turn down (声音等)调低；拒绝 turn on 打开 turn off 关掉turn out 结果(是)，生产，出现【高考链接】(2011江苏高考)You look upset. Whats the matter？I had my proposal _ again. A. turned over B. turned on C. turned off D. turned down【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意：你看起来很沮丧。出什么事了？我的提议又被拒绝了。turn down拒绝，符合句意。turn over翻转；turn on打开；turn off关掉，均与句意不符。 13. cant wait to do something迫不及待地做某事It is a long time since he left home, so he cant wait to see his family. 他离开家很久了，所以他迫不及待地想看到家人。After the game, he couldnt wait to tell me the exciting result. 比赛结束后，他迫不及待地要把这个令人兴奋的结果告诉我。【拓展】写出下列短语的含义cant but do sth. 不得不；只好cant help doing sth. 情不自禁地做某事想一想】请写出其他表示“迫不及待地做某事”的同义短语。【参考答案】表示“迫不及待地做某事”的同义短语还有be eager to do sth. long to do/for sth. be keen to do sth. be anxious to do sth. 14. be supposed to 应该，应当Your homework is supposed to be handed in by Friday. 你的作业应该在星期五之前上交。Every driver is not supposed to drive after drinking. 所有的司机都不应该酒后驾驶。【点津】be supposed to have done=should have done表示“本应该做某事”，但实际上没做。You were supposed to have handed in your homework yesterday.你本应该昨天把作业交上。【高考链接】(2011辽宁高考)What are you doing out of bed, Tom? Youre _ to be asleep. A. supposed B. known C. thought D. considered【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意：汤姆，你起床干什么？你应该是正在睡觉。be supposed to do应该做某事，而且侧重的是“别人认为主语应该做”，A项符合句意。B项“知道，了解”；C、D两项“认为”。15. feel like 希望，想要(1)feel like +sth. /doing sth. 想要某物/想做某事；(2)feel like还可以表示“摸起来像；使人有某种特别的感觉”。I dont feel like having a big meal now. 我现在不想吃大餐。This material feels like silk. 译：这种材料摸起来像丝绸。They made me feel like one of the family. 译：他们使我感觉我是家庭的一员。 【高考链接】(2011四川高考)Lydia doesnt feel like _ abroad. Her parents are old. A. study B. studying C. studied D. to study【解析】选B。 考查非谓语动词。句意：莉迪亚不想去国外学习。她的父母年纪都大了。feel like doing sth. 想做某事，是固定搭配，故选B。16. as if好像，似乎as if/as though引导方式状语从句或表语从句，当所述内容与实际情况相反时，从句要用虚拟语气，即：(1)与现在事实相反did/were(2)与过去事实相反had done(3)与将来事实相反wouldcouldmightdo用所给词的适当形式填空She loves the boy as if he were (be) her son. 她爱这个男孩就像他是自己的儿子一样。He talks about Rome as if he had been (be) there before. 他谈起罗马好像他曾经去过似的。He opened his mouth as if he would say (say) something. 他张开嘴好像要说什么。【点津】当说话者认为所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时可以用陈述语气。例如：It sounds as if it is raining. 听起来像是在下雨。【想一想】在虚拟语气的用法中，除了if条件从句外，还有哪些特殊结构有类似as if/as though的用法？【参考答案】(1)would rather所接的从句中动词用过去式表示现在或将来的愿望，过去完成式表示过去的愿望。(2)I wish, If only句型中动词常用一般过去时、过去完成时或could/would/should/might do分别表示现在、过去或将来强烈的愿望。I would rather you came tomorrow instead of today. How I wish you could go with us next time. If only I had seen my favorite star yesterday. 17. Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset. 丹尼尔双臂抱在胸前，看起来不高兴。(1)have作使役动词，意思是“使，让”，后面接复合宾语。“have sth. done”，过去分词作宾语补足语，宾语与过去分词表示的动作之间构成被动关系。(2)have sth. done有两种含义：(a)“让别人做某事”，强调主语的主观意志，相当于get sth. done。(b)“遭遇某事”，强调宾语客观上遭受某些不幸的事。He has had his car repaired soon after the accident. 事故后不久他就找人把车修理了。Many people had their houses damaged in the earthquake. 许多人的房子在地震中遭受损坏。【拓展】使役动词其他用法：(1)have sb. do sth. / make/let sb. do sth. / get sb. to do sth. 让/叫/使某人做某事(强调结果)(2)have/keep/leave sb. /sth. doing让某人/某物一直做某事(强调过程)(3)wont/cant have sb. doing sth. 不容忍/不允许某人做某事My teacher had me post his letter after school. 我的老师让我放学后给他寄封信。I wont have you talking to mother like that. 我不允许你跟妈妈那样说话。It was cold. They kept the fire burning the whole night. 天气冷了。他们让炉火烧了一整夜。【高考链接】(2011陕西高考)Claire had her luggage _ an hour before her plane left. A. check B. checking C. to check D. checked【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词的用法。结构“have sth. done”意为“让某事/某物被做”。句意：飞机起飞前一小时，克莱尔把行李办理了托运。由于名词luggage与动词check之间为被动关系，故选择过去分词作宾语补足语备选要点1. tolerate vt. 容忍；允许No one can tolerate his bad manners any longer. 没有人能再容忍他无礼的行为了。I cant tolerate anyone lying to me. 我不能容忍任何人对我撒谎。I find it difficult for my eyes to tolerate such bright light. 我发现我的眼睛无法忍受这么明亮的光。 我不能容忍你像那样的行为。(一句多译)I wont tolerate your behavior like that.=I wont tolerate your behaving like that.2. now that 既然，由于Now that we are alone, we can talk freely. 既然这里没有别人, 我们可以无拘束地交谈了。Now that you are a college student, you should learn to be independent of your parents help. 译：既然你已是个大学生了，就应当学着独立，不依赖父母的帮助。