英语论文写作要求省名师优质课获奖课件市赛课一等奖课件.ppt

,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。谢谢,本科毕业论文撰写规范及要求,第1页,论文选题及开题汇报要求,毕业论文内容要求,英语毕业论文引文及参考文件目录格式要求,第2页,首先选择一个大致研究方向、确定初步题目,然后逐步缩小范围,最终以问题或假设形式拟出一个针对性强题目。题目忌笼统，抓好切入点。,1.,选题定义,：,第3页,以下为过于笼统题目,1)The Body Language in Nonverbal Communication,2)The Intercultural Communication,3)The Western Culture,4)The Culture of America,5)English-Chinese Translation Theories,6)English Teaching in Middle School,7)On Non-Intelligence Factors to Foreign Language Learning,第4页,2.,选题标准,：,题目应含有创新性、主要性和趣味性，也要注意可操作性，最终要考虑是否有足够参考资料。,创新性包含新结论、对已经有结论补充或完善（如，新论据）、对某种问题提出新或补充性处理方案、亲自调查取得新数据以及个案研究或分析取得结果等。总之，论文必须有自己观点。掌握前沿，在某一点上创新。,主要性是指选题力争实用或含有实际意义，能处理某个或某种现实问题；也可针对某一有争议问题表示自己立场，然后搜寻材料以支持自己观点。同时论文要考究科学性，防止钻牛角尖。,可操作性包括时间限制和论文长度要求限制。,第5页,3.,选题范围,1)British and American,literature,2),Translation,Theories and/or Practice,3)English Language and,Linguistics,4)Language and,Culture,5)English,Teaching Methodology,(Approach to middle school teaching),第6页,1)British and American literature,a)Jane Austins Marriage Conception in,Pride and Prejudice,b)The Analysis of the Relationship between Love and Money,in Pride and Prejudice,c)Analysis of the Characterization of Elizabeth Bennet in,Pride and Prejudice,第7页,d)On the Ending and Features of O.Henry Short Stories,e)Love Tragedy Caused by Puritanism in,Scarlet Letter,f)Feminist Ideas in,Scarlet Letter,g)An Analysis of the Image of Scarlet in,Gone with the Wind,第8页,h)A Brief Analysis of Hemingways Life Philosophy in,The Old Man and the Sea,i)On Ernest Hemingways Attitude of the Lost Generation by His Work,The Sun Also Rises,j)A Research about Bronte Sisters and the Female Consciousness Demonstrated in Their Novels,第9页,2)Translation Theories and/or Practice,a)The Research of the Culture Factors in Advertisement Translation,b)The Translation of Metaphors from the View of Cognitive Linguistics,c)The Language Characteristics and Translation Skills of Business Contract,d)Puns and Their Translation inEnglishAdvertisement,第10页,e)The Use and Translation of Words in Business Correspondence,f)On Chinese-English Translation in the Contrastive Study of English and Chinese Advertising Languages,g)A Comparative Study of English and Chinese Idioms and Their Translation,第11页,h)The Influence of Cultural Differences between China and the West on Translation,i)An Analysis of English Metaphor Translation,j)Application of Literal and Free Translation in English-Chinese Translation,k)On the Effect of Context in Translation,l)Translation of Investment-Inviting Texts,第12页,3)English Language and Linguistics,a)Affective Factors Influencing Foreign Language Learning,b)On Motivation in Second Language Acquisition,c)Impact of Language Anxiety on English Learners of High School,d)Analysis of Rhetoric Use in English Literary Works,e)The Symbolic Meaning of Color Terms in Chinese and Western Cultures,第13页,f)A Study of Gender Difference in English Language,g)The Influence of Body Language on the Effect of Speech身势语对演讲效果影响,h)The Comparison of the Cultural Connotations about the English and Chinese Idioms英汉成语文化内涵对比,i)Semantic Fuzziness of Numbers in English and Chinese Idioms and the Translation,j)Error Analysis in English Advertising Translation,第14页,k)The Exploration into Chinese and English Verbal Humor from Cultural and Pragmatic Perspective,l)A Study on the Cultural Differences in Chinese and English Euphemisms,m)On the Development of Euphemism and its Social Value in Intercultural Communication,第15页,n)A Study on Linguistic Features of English Advertisement,o)On the Application of Metaphor in Advertising English,p)Principles of Politeness in English Teachers Talk,q)On Positive Transfer of the Native Language in Foreign Language Teaching,第16页,r)On Fostering Autonomous Learning Ability in English Teaching论英语教学中自主学习能力培养,s)A Brief Study on Frequently-Used Figures of Speech in News Headlines,t)A Comparative Study on English and Chinese Idioms with Numbers,u)On the Application of Puns in Advertising English,第17页,4)Language and Culture,a)An Analysis of the Obstacles in Intercultural Communication,b)A Comparative Study of the Factors Influencing Divorce in Chinese and Western Countries,c)Comparison of Food Culture between China and the West,d)A Contrastive Study of Traditional Wedding Customs between China and England,第18页,e)Comparison of Chinese Spring Festival and Christmas,f)Family Education Differences Between China and Western Countries,g)Cultural Collision in Non-verbal Business Communication非言语商务交际中文化冲突,h)Differences of Politeness Principles Between English and Chinese Cultures,中英两种文化中礼貌标准区分,第19页,5)English Teaching Methodology(Approach to middle school teaching),a)Psychological Analysis of Inferior Students and Corresponding Teaching Tactics in English Learning,b)The Role of the Classroom Activities in Oral English Teaching in Junior School,c)A Study of Improving Junior Students Oral English through Interactive Teaching Approach(利用互动式教学提升初中生口语能力),第20页,d)The Application of Cooperation Learning in Oral English Teaching of Middle School,e)On Writing Skills of Disaster News in English News Publications,f)A Brief Discussion on Effects of Seeing Films on Improvement of Oral English,g)The Change of English Teachers Role in Writing Class in Middle School,第21页,h)An Investigation on the Negative Transfer in Non-English Majors English Writing,i)The Relationship between Vocabulary Learning and Reading Comprehensive Ability Promotion,j)Survey of English Reading Strategy among Senior High School Students,k)The Development of Intercultural Communicative Competence through Intensive Reading,第22页,l)An Investigation into Vocabulary Learning Strategies for English Majors,m)The Application of Task-based Approach in English Listening Teaching,n)Multimedia Network English Teaching and Autonomous Learning,o)On Cohesion Principle and the Application in English Writing,p)The Application of Role-play in the English Dialogic Teaching,第23页,4开题汇报组成部分,1)A brief introduction to your(pre-)research;,2)The significance of your thesis(or project),especially your own contribution to the field of your study;,3)The plan of your thesis;,4)A formal outline of your thesis.,第24页,二、毕业论文内容要求,（一）论文题目（Title）,论文题目应该简短、明确、有概括性，能反应论文特点、专业特点和学科范围，字数要适当，,普通不宜超出20字,，必要时可加副标题。,全部实词首字母大写,。,第25页,（二）摘要及关键词(Abstract and Key words),论文摘要是论文内容不加注释和评论简短陈说，应以,第三人称,陈说。摘要应含有独立性和自含性，即不阅读论文全文，就能取得必要信息。论文摘要应概括地反应出毕业论文目标、内容、方法、结果和结论。普通应从以下三个方面着手：,研究背景、本文主要内容及本研究主要意义或价值。,摘要中不宜使用公式、图表，不标注引用文件标号。,摘要字数为200300字，中、英文摘要和关键词应相同,。,第26页,关键词是为了文件标引工作从论文中选取出来用以表示全文主题内容单词或术语。普通每篇论文应选取,35个词,作为关键词，,关键词间用分号，并按2个空格键分隔。,最终一个词后不打标点符号。,第27页,（三）目录（Contents）,目录页由论文章、节、条、附录、题录等序号、名称和页码组成，另起一页排在摘要页之后。章、节、小节分别按对应要求标出。,目录页最多包含4级标题,。,第28页,（四）论文主体（Main Body）,1 引言(或绪论)（Introduction）,引言（或绪论）简明说明研究工作目标、范围、相关领域前人工作和知识空白、理论基础和分析、研究构想、研究方法和试验设计、预期结果和意义等。绪论应言简意赅，不要与摘要雷同，不要成为摘要注释。(What,Why,How,Structure),第29页,2、文件回顾（Literature Review）,对于前人在相关领域内研究回顾、评述、介绍与总结。,第30页,3.正文（Body）,论文正文是关键部分，占主要篇幅，能够包含：调查对象、试验和观察方法、数据资料、经过加工整理图表、形成论点、导出结论等。论文必须实事求是，客观真切，准确完备，合乎逻辑，层次分明，简练可读。论文中引用他人观点、结果及图表与数据必须注明出处，在参考文件中一并列出。,第31页,4 图（Diagrams）,图应含有“自明性”，即只看图例，不阅读正文，就可了解图意。图应编排序号。每一图应有简短确切题名，连同图号置于图下。图题采取五号字。必要时，应将图上符号、标识、代码等，用最简练文字，横排于图题下方，作为图例说明。图如系引用其它文件或对其它文件资料加工所得，则应在图题下或图例说明下注明资料起源。,第32页,5 表（Tables）,表编排，普通是内容和测试项目由左至右横读，数据依序竖排，表应有自明性。表应编排序号。每一表应有简短确切题名，采取五号字，连同表号置于表上。必要时，可用表注。表注应编排序号，并将附注文字置于表下,。,第33页,6 注（Notes）,如有必要加注，统一用脚注，不用尾注，标码按先后次序编排，全文一致。,第34页,7 结论或结果（Conclusion）,论文结论或结果是最终、总体结论，结论应该准确、完整、明确、精练。,第35页,8 参考文件（References）,参考文件是作者为写作论文而参考书籍、期刊等，必须是直接使用过，应与正文夹注列出书目一致。英文参考文件和汉字参考文件分别归类排列，,英文在前,，,汉字在后,。,英文参考文件按作者姓名（姓在前，名在后）英文字母次序排列。,无显著作者（如字典、辞书百科全书）按书名英文字母次序排列。汉字参考文件按作者姓名拼音字母次序排列，无显著作者（如字典、辞书百科全书）按书名拼音字母次序排列。参考文件应含有权威性，要注意引用最新文件。参考文件须另页打印，置于正文之后。,第36页,9附录（Appendix）,附录与正文连续编页码。附录中包含：与正文紧密相关非作者自己分析，证实及工具用表格等；在正文中无法列出试验数据、问卷等。,第37页,英语毕业论文引文及参考文件目录格式要求,一、论文中引用格式（用“夹注”格式）,1.1 间接引用（citations）,A.假如引用只包括一个作家某本专著或文章，而作家名字在自己行文中没有出现,将该作家姓氏和出版时间用括弧括起来，放在句子结尾，注意该括弧算作句子一部分，标点符号应放在括弧之后。,第38页,例:It has been argued that teachers role is to provide the students with optimal conditions which can facilitate learning so that students can achieve similar results(Bloom,1976).,第39页,B.,假如引用所包括到作家名字已经出现在行文中,只需要在名字后面加上括弧,填入出版时间即可。,例：,Gould(1988)attributes Darwins success to his gift for making the appropriate metaphor.,第40页,C.,假如引用包括到作家和著作出版时间在行文中已出现，那就不再需要单独夹注了。,例：,In a 1988 article,Gould explores some of Darwins most effective metaphors.,第41页,D.,假如引用包括到著作是由两位作者合著，则每次引用时都需把两位作者姓氏注出来，在夹注中用“&”，在行文中则用“and”连接两个作者。,例：The disadvantages of the multiple regression analysis are that it cannot show the complex interrelations between independent variable(Bryman&Cramer,1990).Bryman and Cramer also pointed out that,第42页,E.,如包括到作者超出两人，第一次加夹注时，写出全部作者姓氏，以后每次引用，只需写出第一作者姓氏，其后加上“et al”即可。,例：,Scientists have isolated a gene connected to circadian rhythms in plants(Millar,Straum,Chory,Chua,&Kay,1995).They identified the mutations that activated light-dependent pathways(Millar,et al.,1995),第43页,F.,假如引用包括到著作由多位作者合著，加注时只需写出第一作者姓氏，其后加上“et al.”即可。,例：,Naiman et al.（1978）found a similar relationship,although this case effort on the part of the learners was also associated with instrumental motivation(subsequent citations).,第44页,G.,假如包括到同一作者不一样著作，在括弧中按出版时间分开；假如是同一作者在同一年不一样著作，在出版时间后用小写英文字母区分。,例：,（Halliday,1978,1992）；（Halliday,1967a,1967b）,第45页,1.2 直接引用（quotations）,A,假如原著作者姓氏在自己行文中没有提到，需要把作者姓氏，出版时间和引文出自页码用括弧括起，放在引文后面,引文用双引号。假如引文中原来就有引号，将有引号部分改为单引号。,第46页,例：,Conceptually,motivation is seen as“the combination of effort plus desire to achieve the goal of learning the language plus favorable attitude toward learning language”(Gardner,1985:10).,第47页,B.,假如直接引用所包括到作者有两位，就用&连接.,Based on different findings,it is proposed that“the type of motivation and its strength are likely to be determined less by some generalized principle and more by who learns what in what milieu”(Laser-Freeman&Long,1993:174).,第48页,C.,假如直接引用所包括到作者有多位，除恪守以上A，B两条外，其它规则与间接引用相同。,第49页,D.,直接引文字数如少于40英文单词或4行，引文直接放到段落中。不然引文单独成段，,段落用“齐头式”，整个段落缩行5个空格，字号缩小为5号。引文不需引号，如引文中已经有引号，保留原来引号。,第50页,Raymond William explains that the word career has all but lost its original meaning.,Career,is now so regularly used to describe a,persons progress in life,or,by derivation,from this,his profession or vocation that it is,difficult to remember,in the same context,its,original meaning of a recourse and a gallop,though in some contexts,as in the phrase,“Careering about,”these survive(1986:10).,第51页,1.3 转引(the quotation from a source other than the original),假如你引用不是从原著中取得，而是来自二手资料，你就需要在引用完后用圆括弧注明起源，在起源前加上“qtd in”字样。在参考文件目录部分，你就按引用实际出处撰写条目。,例：,Gothe wrote that“it takes more culture to perceive the virtues of,The Magic Flute,than to point out its defects”(qtd in Newman,1958:104).,第52页,References/Bibliography/Works cited,在英汉参考文件中，必须包含作者、作品名称、出版地、出版社、出版年代，缺其中任何一项均不合规范。,第53页,英文参考文件处理,一、书籍,一个作者,姓在前，名在后，中间用逗号隔开，,如Noam Chomsky这个人写成Chomsky,Noam 或 Chomsky,N.,下面二者均可：,Chomsky,Noam.,Language,.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1975.,Chomsky,N.,Language,.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1975.,第54页,两个作者,第一个作者同上；而第二个作者名在前，姓在后，如John Smith写成 John Smith或J.Smith,两个作者之间用&隔开,如Noam Chomsky与John Smith两个作者合著，写成,Chomsky,Noam&John Smith 或Chomsky,N.&J.Smith,下面二者均可：,Chomsky,Noam&John Smith.,Language,.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1975.,Chomsky,N.&J.Smith.,Language,.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1975.,第55页,3.三个作者,第一个作者姓在前，名在后；后两个作者名在前，姓在后，,如：Chomsky,Noam,John Smith&Jane Eyre,或Chomsky,N.,J.Smith&J.Eyre,下面二者均可：,Chomsky,Noam,John Smith&Jane Eyre.,Language,.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1975.,Chomsky,N.,J.Smith&J.Eyre.,Language,.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1975.,第56页,二、杂志,作者写法与书籍一样。不过文章名不用斜体不加引号，只有第一单词首字母大写，杂志名用斜体。如:,Chomsky,Noam.My view on language.,Linguistics,1978,(7):12.,第57页,汉字参考文件处理,一、书籍,张三.语言学M.北京:外语教学与研究出版社,.,张三,王强.语言学M.北京:外语教学与研究出版社,.,二、杂志,张三.语言本质J.外国语,(5).,张三,王强.语言本质J.外国语,(5).,胡壮麟.功效主义纵横谈.北京：外语教学与研究出版社，.,胡壮麟,方琰.功效语言学在中国进展.北京：清华大学出版社，1997.,胡壮麟,朱永生&张德禄.系统功效语法概论.长沙：湖南教育出版社,1989.,黄国文.递归、级转移与功效句法分析.外语教学与研究，1998,（4）:47-51.,第58页,