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(每日一练)2023年人教版高中英语必修一Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld解题技巧总结
单选题
1、We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.
A.whichB.whatC.whenD.that
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:我们已经进入到了一个时代,在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age(一个时代),且先行词在从句中作时间状语,所以关系词用when。故选C。
2、The reason ________ he didn’t come to school on time is ________ he had to take care of his sick brother at home.
A.That; becauseB.that; thatC.why; becauseD.why; that
答案:D
考查定语从句和表语从句。句意:他没有按时上学的原因是他不得不在家照顾生病的弟弟。第一个空是the reason引导的定语从句,在定语从句中,句子缺少原因状语,所以用关系副词why进行引导表示原因。第二个空是跟在is后的表语从句,从句中成分完整不缺其他含义,这里只需要起引导作用,所以用that。故此题选D。
3、The White Horse Temple, ________ back to the Eastern Han Dynasty, has a history of more than 1,900 years.
A.datesB.datedC.datingD.to date
答案:C
考查非谓语动词辨析。句意:白马寺始建于东汉,距今已有1900多年的历史。分析句子可知,date在句子中不作谓语,且与其逻辑主语The White Horse Temple是主动关系,所以用现在分词形式作状语。故选C项。
4、The program is 90 minutes of_____ Indian folk dance, live music and storytelling.
A.diplomaticB.heroicC.dynamicD.specific
答案:C
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:该节目包括90分钟充满活力的印度民间舞蹈、现场音乐和讲故事。A. diplomatic外交的;B. heroic英雄的;C. dynamic动态的,充满活力的;D.specific具体的。由语意可知,此处是指充满活力的舞蹈、音乐和讲故事。故选C。
5、Mike is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where he ______ English for a year.
A.studiesB.had studiedC.has been studyingD.studied
答案:C
考查时态。句意:Mike正在阳光学校的课上记关于语法的笔记,他已经在阳光学校上了一年学了。根据for a year可知,此处应用完成时,且此处表示动作从过去持续到现在,并且还有可能继续持续下去,故应用现在完成进行时,故选C。
6、More and more people are learning English,____ has drawn much attention of the public.
A.the importanceB.the important
C.the importance of whichD.the importance of it
答案:C
考查定语从句关系词。句意:越来越多的人学英语,学习英语的重要性已经引起大众的注意。分析句子可知是定语从句,先行词为前面的先行词,作of的宾语,关系代词为which。故选C项。
7、We are talking about the case ______ he was accused ______ theft.
A.that; inB.where, ofC.which; toD.what; on
答案:B
考查定语从句和固定搭配。句意:我们正在谈论他被指控偷窃的案件。先行词是the case,在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where引导限制性定语从句,固定搭配be accused of (被指控)。故选B项。
8、He led us to the farm ________ he spent his childhood.
A.whichB.whereC.whenD.how
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:他把我们带到他度过童年的农场。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“farm”,在从句中作地点状语,故应用副词“where”引导从句。故选B项。
9、I was attracted to swimming because it is an excellent sport ______ children and adults can develop strength, endurance and flexibility.
A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:我被游泳所吸引,因为它是一项优秀的运动,儿童和成人可以发展力量,耐力和灵活性。句中先行词为sport,在定语从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where用法。故选D。
10、Companies should understand the risks _______ they are exposed and monitor their control environments adequately.
A.on whichB.in whichC.to whichD.with which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:公司应该了解他们所面临的风险,并充分监控他们的控制环境。分析句子,此处考查介词+关系代词引导定语从句时,介词的选择。从句中的动词expose译为“使…曝光”,根据句意译为“暴露于”为expose…to,是固定搭配。to 可提至关系代词which前。故选C 项。
11、It is one of the most surprising moments in Oscars history ________actor Will Smith walked on stage and slapped Chris Rock for a joke ________ Rock made about Smith’s wife’s hair.
A.which...thatB.that...whenC.when...thatD.that...which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:这是奥斯卡历史上最令人惊讶的时刻之一,演员Will Smith走上舞台,打了Chris Rock一巴掌,因为Rock对Smith妻子的头发开了个玩笑。根据句意及句子结构可知,第一空是定语从句,先行词是moments,在从句中作时间状语,用关系副词when引导。第二空考查定语从句,引导词指代先行词a joke,在从句中作宾语,引导词应填that/which/不填。故选C。
12、The doctor _______my sister is talking has just come from England.
A.with whomB.with whoC.with whichD.that
答案:A
考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。句意:和我姐姐谈话的那位医生刚从英国来。分析句子可知,此句是定语从句,先行词是The doctor,指人,在从句中作talk with的宾语,with可以提到关系代词的前面,即用“介词+关系代词”引导此定语从句,“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,指人,只能用whom,应用“with whom”引导此定语从句。故选A项。
13、As they’re handmade, each one __________ slightly in shape.
A.variousB.variedC.variesD.variety
答案:C
考查一般现在时。句意:因为它们都是手工制作的,每一个在形状上都稍有不同。这是一个由as引导的原因状语从句,分析主句可知,句子缺谓语动词,所以空格处应填动词。故排除A(various 不同的,形容词)与D(variety 不同种类,多种式样 名词)。从句使用的一般现在时,根据句意,空格处也应使用一般现在时。故选C。
14、I think we’ ve fixed everything, and I don’t _________finding any more problems.
A.accelerateB.accommodateC.anticipateD.appreciate
答案:C
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我想我们已经解决了所有事情,我预计不会再发现任何问题了。A. accelerate加快;B. accommodate容纳;C. anticipate预料;D. appreciate欣赏;感激。根据前半句“I think we’ ve fixed everything”可知,anticipate“预料”符合句意。故选C。
小提示:
15、The U. S. and Russia have clashed over Russia’s ongoing military invasion of Ukraine, but space remains one area ______ the two historic rivals still work together.
A.whereB.in whereC.thatD.as
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:美国和俄罗斯就俄罗斯对乌克兰的持续军事入侵发生了冲突,但是太空依旧是这两个历史上的竞争对手所需要合作的一个领域。“______ the two historic rivals still work together.”是限定性定语从句,修饰先行词area(领域),且从句缺少地点状语in the area,应用关系副词where来引导,故选A。
16、The man ________ you borrowed the camera has left for New York.
A.whoB.from whomC.to whoD.that
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:你向他借相机的那个人已经去纽约了。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“man”,句中涉及固定短语“borrow sth. from sb.”,意为“向某人借某物”,先行词“man”在从句中作“from”的宾语,指人,故应用“介词from+关系代词whom”引导从句,空格处应填“from whom”。故选B项。
17、________ my head had cleared, my brain was beginning to function much better.
A.Now thatB.AlthoughC.Due toD.Despite
答案:A
考查连词。句意:由于我的头脑清醒了,我的大脑开始运转得更好了。A. now that 既然;由于;B. although conj. 虽然;C. due to 由于;因为;D. despite prep. 尽管,虽然。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里需要连词,表示“因为,由于”的意思,引导原因状语从句。C选项的是介词短语。故选A。
18、My father likes meat very much while my mother always has a(an) _______ for vegetables and fruits.
A.appreciationB.preferenceC.referenceD.enjoyment
答案:B
考查动词短语辨析。句意:我父亲非常喜欢吃肉,而我母亲总是偏爱蔬菜和水果。A.appreciation欣赏,感激;B.preference偏爱,偏好;C.reference参考;D.enjoyment享受。没有have an enjoyment for这种说法,故D选项不正确。have a preference for意思是“对……偏爱,特别喜爱”;have an appreciation for“欣赏……”;have an reference for“有一个……参考”。根据句子中while表示对比或转折可知,前后两句形成对比,“爸爸爱吃肉”而“妈妈偏爱蔬菜和水果”。故选B项。
19、Regulations _____ that students attend at least 90% of the lectures.
A.demandB.askC.requireD.request
答案:C
考查动词词义辨析。句意:规定要求学生至少参加90%的课程。A. demand表示有正当权利的要求,因此含有“坚决或强烈要求”的意思;B. ask 一般用的比较多,比较通俗,语气也较客气;C. require表示“要求所必须的东西;法律、协定、规章以及其他客观情况的要求”;D. request则表示“有礼貌的请求或正式的请求。根据句意以及主语Regulations可知,是指“规章制度对学生的要求”。故选C项。
20、Eventually, the butterfly manages to reach the places ______ it will spend the winter.
A.whichB.whatC.whereD.that
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:最后,蝴蝶设法到达它将要过冬的地方。分析句子结构可知,先行词是the places表地点,从句当中主语是it,谓语是will spend,宾语是the winter,所以从句当中应该用关系副词where来作地点状语。故选C。
21、All the _________ indicate that he has been deeply involved in the crime.
A.evidenceB.factC.factorD.cause
答案:A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:所有的证据都表明他和这起犯罪事件有很大的关系。A. evidence证据;B. fact事实;C. factor因素;D. cause原因。由下文“indicate that he has been deeply involved in the crime.”可知,证据表明他和这起犯罪事件有很大的关系,所以此处表示“证据”,应用evidence,故选A。
22、He is an expert on rice planting ______ the local Zhuang people have learnt a lot.
A.by whichB.from whomC.by whomD.from which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:他是一个水稻种植专家,当地的壮族人从他那儿已经学会了很多。分析句子成分可知,这是一个限制性定语从句,先行词expert,意为“专家”;又根据固定搭配learn sth. from sb. 意为“从某人那儿学到……”,所以应该用介词from;因此本句中,先行词为expert,指人,关系代词放在介词之后只能用whom,做定语从句的介词宾语。故选B项。
23、The reason ________ he has been such a success is________he never gives up.
A.why, becauseB.that, whatC.that, thatD.why, that
答案:D
考查定语从句和表语从句。句意:他如此成功的原因是他从不放弃。分析句子结构可知,“he has been such a success”是定语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,先行词reason是原因,因此第一空用关系副词why,“he never gives up”是表语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,且句子意思完整,因此第二空用that引导表语从句,故选D。
24、The reason ________I’m here to tell the story is that I made the right decision.
A.whyB.becauseC.thatD.which
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:我之所以在这里讲述这个故事是因为我做出了正确的决定。此处为定语从句修饰先行词reason,先行词在从句中作原因状语,故用why。故选A。
25、The island ________ he lived with his children is far from the town.
A.whichB.for whichC.whoD.on which
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:他和孩子们居住的岛离城镇很远。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“island”,句中涉及固定短语“live on”,意为“住在……上”,先行词“island”作介词“on”的宾语,指物,故应用“介词on+关系代词which”引导从句,故空格处应填“on which”。故选D项。
26、That is the very book______ I am looking for.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.as
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:那正是我要找的书。此处为定语从句修饰先行词book,先行词在从句中作宾语,指物,且被the very修饰,只能用关系代词that引导。故选A。
27、Mr. Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990s, ________ he gave it to his grandson.
A.whichB.whenC.thatD.on which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:史密斯先生一直拥有这幅油画,直到20世纪90年代初,那时候他把它送给了孙子。句中包含定语从句,先行词是the early 1990s,在定语从句中作时间状语,用关系副词when引导。故选B。
28、He has reached a point of his life________he is supposed to make decisions of his own.
A.whichB.whereC.howD.why
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:他已经到了应该自己做决定的人生阶段。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导限定性定语从句,先行词“point of his life”是抽象地点,在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where引导。故选B。
29、Sped skating is a competitive form of ice skating________ the competitors race each other in travelling a certain distance on skates.
A.in whichB.from whichC.on whichD.at which
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:速滑是滑冰的一种竞技形式,选手们穿溜冰鞋进行一定距离的比赛。分析句子可知,空格处引导定语从句,修饰“a competitive form of ice skating”,指物,in a ... form“以……形式”,先行词作介词in 的宾语,指物,用关系代词which,还原定语从句为:in the competitive form the competitors race each other in travelling a certain distance on skates.故选A。
小提示:
30、The accident has reached to the point ________both their parents are to be called in.
A.for whichB.whenC.whichD.where
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:事情发展到如此地步,不得不请双方家长来一趟了。分析句子结构可知,这是一个限制性定语从句,先行词point在从句中作地点状语,应该用关系副词where引导从句。故选D项。
完成句子
31、我不喜欢你跟你父母讲话的方式。
I don’t like the way ____________________________.
答案:(that/in which) you speak to your parents
考查定语从句。根据句意及句子结构可知,此处应用定语从句,句意为“和你父母讲话的方式”。因为先行词是the way,故定语从句引导词用that/in which或者省略,作状语。表示“和你父母讲话”用you speak to your parents,修饰the way。故答案为(that/in which) you speak to your parents。
32、尽管遇到这么多挫折,她仍不气馁。
________________, she refused to give up.
答案:Despite/In spite of all these discouragements
考查介词和介词短语搭配。分析句子且根据句意可知,空处应填Despite/In spite of all these discouragements,表示让步状语“尽管遇到这么多挫折”,此处介词Despite和介词短语In spite of表示“尽管”,名词discouragements表示“挫折”,作介词后的宾语。故填Despite/In spite of all these discouragements。
33、京剧距今已有200多年的历史,起源于18世纪。
Peking Opera, which has over 200 years of history, ________ the 18th century.
答案:dates back to/from
考查时态。表示“起源于”应用动词短语date back to/from,结合“has”可知,主句使用一般现在时,主语为Peking Opera,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填dates back to/from。
34、无论你在哪里,无论你在做什么,你都可以和朋友保持联系。(where)
You can stay in touch with friends ________ you are or what you are doing.
答案:no matter where
考查让步状语从句。空处引导让步状语从句,“无论……”应用no matter+疑问词,“在哪里”应用where,故填no matter where。
35、这项任务不容易的原因是团队资源有限。
The reason ________ this was difficult ________ ________ the team had limited resources.
答案: why was that
考查定语从句,表语从句和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知,第一空意为“为什么”,是why,后两空意为“是”,是“is/was that”,由前面的was可知,句子时态是一般过去时,因此后两空是“was that”,the reason why...was that...是固定句型,意为“……的原因是……”,其中why引导的是定语从句,that引导的是表语从句,故填①why②was③that。
36、她要求他归还向她借的书。(一句多译)
(1)________________ he borrowed from her. (that引导的从句)
(2)________________ he borrowed from her. (不定式)
答案: She demanded that he (should)return the books She demanded of him to return the books
考查宾语从句中的虚拟语气和固定短语。根据句意和第一句的翻译要求可知,第一句在demand后面使用that引导的宾语从句,从句谓语动词使用“should+do”的形式,should可以省略。“归还书”可翻译为return the books,主句的谓语动词使用一般过去时,因此第一句翻译为:She demanded that he (should) return the books.;根据句意和第二句的翻译要求可知,使用固定短语“demand of sb to do”,主句的谓语动词使用一般过去时,因此第二句翻译为:She demanded of him to return the books.故填① She demanded that he (should)return the books②She demanded of him to return the books。
37、有一些情况此规则不适用。
________ ________ ________ ________ ________this rule does not hold good.
答案: There are some cases where
考查动词和定语从句。分析句子,设空处为句子主语,“this rule does not hold good”是定语从句,缺少关系词,句子表述的是客观事实,故使用一般现在时。表示“有”应该用there be句型;表示“一些情况”应用some cases;表示“在这些情况中”应该使用where引导的定语从句,修饰先行词some cases,引导词在从句中作地点状语。设空处置于句首,开头单词首字母要大写。故填There are some cases where。
38、尽管生病了,怀特先生还是来参加了毕业典礼。
__________ illness, Mr White attended the graduation ceremony.
答案:Despite/In spite of
考查介词(短语)。根据句意和句子结构,此处需要表示“尽管”的介词(短语)与空后的名词illness构成介宾短语,故填Despite/In spite of。
39、Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.(现在分词作结果状语)
The government has recently introduced more cancer drugs, __________ to be cured.政府最近引进了更多的癌症药物,使更多的病人得以治愈。
答案:allowing more patients
考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。根据所给汉语提示可知,空处表示“使更多病人得以”,allow是动词意为“使……得以”,句中存在谓语动词has introduced,这里使用非谓语动词形式,且逻辑主语是主句整句,与allow之间为主动关系,因此使用现在分词形式作伴随状语,现在分词allowing的宾语是more patients。故填allowing more patients。
40、这是鲁迅住过的房子。
This is the house________ ________ ________ ________/________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案: where Lu Xun lived in which Lu Xun lived
考查定语从句。分析句子,设空处应该填写的是定语从句,修饰的是the house,定语从句中缺少地点状语,故使用where。同时也可以使用介词+关系代词的结构,关系代词指代前文的house,为物,故使用介词+which的结构引导定语从句。同时根据汉语提示,表示“居住”应用live in,定语从句表示的是过去发生的事,故使用一般过去时。故答案为①where ②Lu③Xun④ lived⑤ in ⑥which⑦ Lu⑧Xun⑨ lived。
语法填空
41、Susan’s idea of freedom was to have ________ (vary) in her lifestyle. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:variety
考查名词。句意:苏珊心目中的自由就是拥有丰富多彩的生活方式。根据句意和提示词可知,应填入名词variety作宾语,意为“变化,多样化”,抽象名词,不可数。故填variety。
42、The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work ________ a good impression is a must. (用单词适当形式填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句引导词。句意:这本书在日常交际中极大地帮助了我,尤其是在给人留下良好印象是必须的工作中。此处为定语从句修饰先行词work,且先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where。故填where。
43、Many of us love July because it’s the month ___________ nature’s berries and stone fruits are in abundance.
答案:when
考查定语从句。句意:我们很多人都喜欢7月,因为这个月大自然的浆果和核果非常丰富。此处the month作先行词,指时间,在后面的定语从句中做时间状语。故填when。
44、This is the time ________you should take a break and start something else. (用适当的词填空)
答案:when
考查定语从句。句意:这是你应该休息一下,开始做其他事情的时候。分析句子结构可知,本句是定语从句,先行词是time;根据句意以及先行词可知,从句缺少时间状语。故填when。
45、I will never forget the day________ I first came to Chongqing. (用适当的词填空)
答案:when
考查定语从句。句意:我永远不会忘记我第一次来重庆的那一天。day为先行词,从句缺少时间状语,故用when。故填when。
46、The film in _______he played the leading role was a great success. (用适当的词填空)
答案:which
考查定语从句。句意:他主演的那部电影非常成功。分析句子结构可知,介词in与设空处构成“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,先行词为The film,指物,在从句中作状语,因而用in which引导。故填which。
47、Life is like a long race _________we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:生活就像一场长跑,我们和别人竞争,超越自己。此处为定语从句修饰先行词race,先行词在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where引导。故填where。
48、I have reached a point in my life _________ I am supposed to make up my mind. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:我已经到了人生中应该下定决心的时候了。结合句意此处应为定语从句,修饰先行词point,先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where。故填where。
49、This is the factory________ I worked two years ago. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:这是我两年前工作过的工厂。分析句子结构,本句话是限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the factory。先行词代入从句中做地点状语,所以需要where来引导定语从句。故答案为where。
50、He talked with his parents without ________(refer)to the fact that he had registered for an institute.(所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:reference##referring
考查名词及动名词。句意:他和父母谈话时没有提到他已经注册了一个研究所。without后用名词或动名词表示伴随状态,refer to为固定搭配,意为“提到”,名词形式reference“提及”,不可数名词。故填reference/referring。
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