初中英语复习-重点.ppt

专题1 名词专题2 代词专题3 冠词专题4 数词专题5 介词和介词短语专题6 形容词和副词专题7 连词专题8 系动词和情态动词专题9 动词短语及词义辨析专题10 动词的时态和语态专题11 非谓语动词专题12 主谓一致专题13 简单句（陈述句、疑问句、感叹句、祈使句、倒装句）专题14 复合句（宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句）1.专题1 名词2.专题1 1 名词考点直击中考考点1正确识别可数名词和不可数名词。2掌握可数名词复数形式的构成。3掌握名词所有格和名词作定语的用法。名词是表示人、事物、地方、现象或抽象概念等名称的词。常见考点如下：3.专题1 1 名词1可数名词 1名词变复数的规则变化4.专题1 1 名词5.专题1 1 名词2.不规则变化名词变复数的不规则变化有三种情况：(1)改变单数形式名词中的元音字母。如：footfeet;toothteeth;manmen;womanwomen;policemanpolicemen;policewomanpolicewomen;EnglishmanEnglishmen(特例：GermanGermans)(2)单复数同形。如:Japanese,sheep,Chinese,deer,fish(3)词尾加(r)en。如：childchildren;oxoxen。6.专题1 1 名词 3英语中有些名词总以复数形式形式出现。如：trousers,pants,clothes,glasses(眼镜)等。4集体名词的数。集体名词表示的是由若干个个体组成的集合体。如：family,class,team等。它们以单数形式出现，但实为复数概念。如果强调某个集合的整体则应视为单数形式。如：My family are watching TV.我的家人正在看电视。My family is a happy one.我家是一个幸福的家庭。7.专题1 1 名词 有些集体名词通常只用作复数形式，如：people(人们),police(警察)等，如果要表达单数形式则要使用其他名词。如：a people 一个人 a person a police 一名警察 a policeman/policewoman 8.专题1 1 名词2不可数名词 1物质名词。如：milk,water,rice 2抽象名词。如：work,time,health 3不可数名词的量的表达：数词量词不可数名词如：a piece of paper,a bottle of orange,two glasses of water/milk,a cup of tea,three bags of rice9.专题1 1 名词3既可数又不可数的名词 有些名词既能用作可数名词，又能用作不可数名词，但意义不同。如：chicken鸡(可数);鸡肉(不可数)room 房间(可数);空间(不可数)fish 鱼(可数);鱼肉(不可数)glass 玻璃杯，眼镜(可数);玻璃(不可数)paper 试卷，报纸(可数);纸张(不可数)10.专题1 1 名词4名词所有格 1构成 (1)有生命的名词所有格的构成方法：一般情况下在名词后加s。如：迈克的汽车 Mikes car 我妈妈的生日 my mothers birthday 以s结尾的复数形式名词只加。如：教师节 Teachers Day 三小时的步行 3 hours walk 不以s结尾的复数形式名词，直接在词尾加s。如：妇女节 Womens Day 儿童节 Childrens Day11.专题1 1 名词(2)无生命的名词的所有格一般由“of名词”构成。如：我们教室的一张照片 a picture of our classroom一张中国地图 a map of China 注意 表示时间、距离、集体、国家、团体等无生命的名词，也可用s构成所有格。如：今天的报纸 todays newspaper 世界人口 the worlds population12.专题1 1 名词 2特殊用法 (1)表示共同拥有的人或物时，只需在最后一个人的名字后加s；表示各自所有时，则需在每个名词后加s。如：莉莉和露西共有的房间 Lily and Lucys room 莉莉和露西各自的房间 Lilys and Lucys rooms13.专题1 1 名词 (2)表示“家”、“店铺”等处所。如：在李雷家 at Li Leis在药店 at the chemists 在医生的诊所 at the doctors (3)双重所有格表示整体中的一部分，结构为“of名词所有格”或“of名词性物主代词”。如：我父亲的一本书 a book of my fathers 我的一个朋友 a friend of mine one of my friends14.专题1 1 名词5名词数量修饰语 1修饰可数名词：many,few,a few以及数词 2修饰不可数名词：much,too much以及“数词量词不可数名词”3既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词：some,lots of,plenty of,a lot of15.专题1 1 名词6名词作定语 1用单数形式。如：an apple tree,some shoe stores 2用复数形式。如：a clothes shop,a sports meeting 3man，woman作定语时，单数形式修饰单数形式，复数形式修饰复数形式。如：a man doctor，a few women teachers 4“数词名词”作定语时，用单数形式，并用连字符连接数词和名词，表示时间、距离的定语还可以用复数形式所有格。如：a ten days holiday(相当于a ten-day holiday)16.专题1 1 名词7名词转化为形容词 1在名词词尾加y。如：wind_；sun_ 2在名词词尾加形容词后缀-ful。如：wonderwonderful;beauty_ 3在名词词尾加-ly。如：friendfriendly 4在名词词尾加形容词后缀-less。如：care careless;home_windy sunny beautiful homeless 17.专题1 1 名词.单项选择12013河北 Jason likes the _ of the cake.It is a heart.Acolor Bsize Csmell Dshape考点过关【答案】D18.专题1 1 名词2How many _ are there in your school,Tom?Two.AJapanese BAmerican CGermen DAustralian【答案】A19.专题1 1 名词32011河北 Cici enjoys dancing.Its one of her _ Aprize Bprizes Chobby Dhobbies【答案】D20.专题1 1 名词4_ room is big and bright.They like it very much.ATom and Sam BToms and Sam CTom and Sams DToms and Sams【答案】C21.专题1 1 名词5Would you like some drinks,boys?Yes._，please.ASome oranges BTwo boxes of chocolates CSome cakes DTwo bottles of orange【答案】D22.专题1 1 名词.根据句意及提示写出正确的单词1Weve got a lot of new _(杂志)in our school library.2How many _(小刀)do you have?3He is an old friend of my _(sister)4Chinese are very _(friend)to every foreigner in China.5We are going to have a picnic on a _(sun)day.magazinesknivessisters friendlysunny 23.专题1 1 名词12013上海 The students didnt find much _ about the topic on that website.Areport Barticle Cinformation Dstory语法专练【解析】Cmuch修饰不可数名词。故选C。24.专题1 1 名词22013广安 Whose room is this?Its _.ALucy and Lily BLucy and Lilys CLucys and Lilys【解析】B句中room是单数，说明是Lucy和Lily共同的房间。25.专题1 1 名词3Twelve _ were hurt,but no _ were lost in that accident.Aperson;life Bpeople;lives Cpeoples;lives Dpersons;life【答案】B26.专题1 1 名词4There are many _ at the foot of the hill.Acow Bhorse Csheep Dfish【答案】C27.专题1 1 名词5They are from _.Theyre _ AGermany;Germans BGermans;Germany CGerman;Germany DGermany;Germen【答案】A28.专题1 1 名词62013黄冈 What would you like to drink,girls?_，please.ATwo glass of water BTwo glass of waters CTwo cups of tea DTwo cups of teas【解析】C“两杯茶”应该表示为“two cups of tea”。29.专题1 1 名词7Lucy put a lot of _ in _ of tea.Asugar;the two cup Bsugars;the two cups Csugar;the two cups Dsugars;two cups【答案】C30.专题1 1 名词82013安顺 Kate is _ girl.Shes very happy at school.Aa eighteen-year-old Ban eighteen-year-old Can eighteen-years-old Da eighteen-years-old【答案】B31.专题1 1 名词9Can I help you,sir?Id like to have 100 _.I want my students to draw pictures.Apiece of paper Bpieces of paper Cpieces of papers Dpieces paper【解析】Bpaper作“纸”讲是不可数名词，没有复数形式，若表示其数量一般用“数词piece(s)of”短语表示。故选B。32.专题1 1 名词10In our school,there are fifty-five_.Awomen teachers Bwoman teachers Cwomen teacher Dwoman teacher【答案】A33.专题1 1 名词112013安顺 “_ bookcase is this？”“It must be _”AWhos;Tom BWhos;Tom CWhose;Toms DWhose;Tom【解析】Cwhos是who is的缩写，whose意为“谁的”。Toms 在这里指Toms bookcase。34.专题1 1 名词122013潍坊 How far is your home from school?Its about two _ walk.Ahours Bhours Chours Dhour【答案】B35.专题1 1 名词13The pen writes well.Where did you get it?Oh，_gave me as a birthday present.A.a workmate of my father B.a workmate of mine fathers Ca workmate of my fathers D.a workmate of mine father【答案】C36.专题1 1 名词142012广东 In this city,you can find some _ while hanging out in the shopping center.Ashoes shops Bshoe shops Cbook shop Dbooks shop【解析】B此题考查单数名词作定语。a shoe shop 意为“一家鞋店”；要表达“两家鞋店”时，则用“two shoe shops”。37.专题1 1 名词15He dropped the _ and broke it.Acup of coffee Bcoffees cup Ccup for coffee Dcoffee cup【答案】D38.专题1 1 名词16Whats the _ like today?Cloudy.Asky Bair Cland Dweather【答案】D39.专题1 1 名词172013兰州 In this exam,youre asked to write a composition of about _ A90-words B90-word C90 words D90 words【答案】C40.专题1 1 名词18Mum,Ive heard that we cant eat _ these days.Is it true?Take it easy.It is safe to eat cooked meat.Achicken Bchickens Ca chicken Dthe chicken【解析】Achicken作“鸡肉”讲是不可数名词41.专题2 代词42.专题2 2 代词考点直击中考考点1人称代词和物主代词的不同形式及其用法。2反身代词和指示代词的人称和数的变化。3不定代词和疑问代词的基本用法。代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。常见考点如下：43.专题2 2 代词1人称代词的主格和宾格 人称代词有主格和宾格之分，主格在句中作主语或表语，宾格作动词或介词的宾语，也可作表语。人称代词的人称、数、格的变化如下：44.专题2 2 代词me us him them 45.专题2 2 代词2形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的区分 形容词性物主代词不能单独使用，后面需加名词，相当于形容词。名词性物主代词可以单独使用，相当于名词。名词性物主代词形容词性物主代词名词。如：This is his computer.This computer is his.这是他的电脑。具体人称和数如下：46.专题2 2 代词mine yours yours theirs 47.专题2 2 代词3反身代词的人称和数的变化以及固定搭配 1反身代词表自身。具体人称和数如下：myself himself themselves 48.专题2 2 代词 2.反身代词在句中通常用作宾语，表示动作返回到主语身上。接反身代词作宾语的常见动词有 teach(教),hurt(伤害),dress(穿衣)等。此外还经常考查反身代词作介词的宾语。如：by oneself等。3反身代词作同位语。在句中通常用作名词、代词的同位语，以加强名词或代词的语气，意思是“本身，亲自”。如：I will do it myself.我将亲自去做这件事。49.专题2 2 代词 4反身代词的固定搭配。常见的固定搭配有help oneself to(请随便吃)，_(玩得开心)，_(伤到某人自己),lose oneself in(迷恋，沉醉于)等。enjoy oneself hurt oneself 50.专题2 2 代词4it和one 的用法区别 为了避免重复，可以用it,one,that代替上文出现的名词，但它们的用法不同。1it 的主要用法 用以指特定的物，即上文提到的事物或情况。既可替代单数可数名词，也可替代不可数名词。如：Do you still keep the picture?你还保存着那张照片吗？No,I have sold _.不，我已经把它卖了。it 51.专题2 2 代词 2one 的主要用法 one 表示泛指，指同类事物中的另一个，常常代替由不定冠词a或an修饰的名词。one既可以代替人，也可以代替物，但只能代替可数名词，其复数形式为ones。如：Do you have a pen？你有一支钢笔吗？Yes,I have _.是的，我有一支。one 52.专题2 2 代词 3that的主要用法 that可以代替可数或不可数名词，主要用于两种东西的对比，其复数形式为those。that用于代替物，不能用于代替人。如：The population of the city is larger than _ of the town.这个城市的人口比那个城镇的人口多。that 53.专题2 2 代词5易混不定代词的区别与运用 1few,a few,little与a little54.专题2 2 代词He has a few friends，but _ good friends.他有几个朋友，但是几乎没有好朋友。We have _ meat at home,but little bread.我们家里有点肉，但是几乎没面包了。few a little 55.专题2 2 代词 2some与any some和any都有“一些”的意思。some用在肯定句中，any用在否定句或疑问句中。注意 表示期望得到肯定回答的疑问句中用some。如：Would you like _ water？你想要些水吗？some56.专题2 2 代词 3both,either,neither,all,any与noneBoth _ the boys are clever.两个男孩都很聪明。There are flowers on _ side of the street.路两侧有花。either 57.专题2 2 代词 4another，(the)other与(the)others 的用法区别见P11。5many与much many和much都意为“许多”，many后跟可数名词复数，much后跟不可数名词。如：How _ people are there at the meeting?会上有多少人？How _ time has we left?我们还剩下多少时间？many much 58.专题2 2 代词6复合不定代词 1含-body和-one的复合不定代词只用来指人，含 -thing的复合不定代词只用来指物。如：Someone/Somebody is crying in the next room.有人在隔壁房间哭。Are you going to buy anything?你要去买东西吗？59.专题2 2 代词 2主要考点：(1)复合不定代词的部分否定。如：Not everyone likes English.不是每个人都喜欢英语。(2)复合不定代词被定语修饰的时候，定语必须放在不定代词后面。如：I have _ to tell you.我有一些有趣的事情告诉你。something interesting 60.专题2 2 代词 3复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Something _ wrong with my bike.我的自行车出毛病了。4some与 any 构成的复合不定代词的区别和some与any的区别相同。is 61.专题2 2 代词 7疑问代词 疑问代词有who,whom,whose,what和which等。在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句。如：_ are you from?你来自哪里？Where 62.专题2 2 代词8关系代词who,that与which 关系代词可用作引导定语从句的关联词。如：He is the man _ wants to see you.他就是想见你的那个人。The book that/which I bought yesterday is on the desk.我昨天买的那本书在桌上。who/that 63.专题2 2 代词12013河北 It is a good habit of _ to read a few lines before going to bed.AIBme Cmy Dmine考点过关【答案】D64.专题2 2 代词22012河北 Dont worry about me.Im old enough to think for _ Ahimself Bherself Cyourself Dmyself【答案】D65.专题2 2 代词32011河北 George reads the newspaper every morning.Thats _ habit.Ahe Bhim Chis Dhimself【答案】C66.专题2 2 代词42013河北 You dont have a drink.Can I get you _？Asomething Banything Cnothing Deverything【答案】A67.专题2 2 代词5The teacher gave the books to all the students except _ who had already taken them.Athe ones Bsome Cones Dthe others【答案】A68.专题2 2 代词6My cousins have collected stamps for two years.They have _ stamps from different countries.Aa little Bmany Cmuch Dlittle【答案】B69.专题2 2 代词7_ of the twins went to watch Peking Opera last Sunday.They were staying at home all that day.AEither BBoth CNeither DNone【答案】C70.专题2 2 代词8There is _ in todays newspaper.I am bored.Anew nothing Bnew something Cnothing new Dsomething new【答案】C71.专题2 2 代词9The old man has two sons.One is a worker;_ is a teacher.Aanother Bother Cothers Dthe other【答案】D72.专题2 2 代词10Could you tell me the time for the meeting？I have forgotten_ Ait Bone Cthis Dthat【答案】A73.专题2 2 代词12013台州 Lets do something for Yaan children.Why not write letters to cheer _ up.AhimBher Cus Dthem语法专练【解析】Dcheer them up意为“使他们振作起来”。74.专题2 2 代词2Do you know the boy sitting between Peter and _？AsheBI ChisD.me【答案】D75.专题2 2 代词3There is some salt in the bowl.Please pass _ to me.Ait B.one Cthem Dthis【答案】A76.专题2 2 代词4Merry Christmas,George!Here is a card for _ with _ best wishes.Ayou;our Bus;your Cyou;your Dus;our【答案】A77.专题2 2 代词52012安徽 Whose pen is this?Oh,its _.I was looking for it everywhere.Ayou Byours Cme Dmine【解析】D此题考查名词性物主代词的用法。mine意为“我的”，在句中相当于my pen。78.专题2 2 代词6Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder，but _ didnt help.Ahe Bwhich Cshe Dit【解析】Dit代替上文整个句子的内容，即“母亲一再告诉汤姆应该努力学习”这件事。79.专题2 2 代词7._ are good friends.AYou,I and he BI,he and you CYou,he and I DHe,you and I【解析】C人称代词主格复数排列顺序为：一、二、三；当承担错误时，单数排列顺序也为：一、二、三；其他情况下排列顺序为：二、三、一。80.专题2 2 代词8Oh!I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food.Never mind.You can have _.Aus Bours Cyou Dyours【答案】B81.专题2 2 代词9_ is not good to copy others homework.AThis BThat CIt DThere【答案】C82.专题2 2 代词102013鞍山 What kind of house would you like?Id like _ with a garden in front of _ Ait;one Bone;one Cone;it Dit;it【解析】Cone泛指一所房子，it指上文提到的 “带有花园的房子”。83.专题2 2 代词11Most young people find _ exciting to play computer games.Ait Bthis Cone D.that【答案】A84.专题2 2 代词122013上海 _ is waiting for you at the gate.He wants to say thanks to you.ASomebody BAnybody CEverybody DNobody【解析】A肯定句中的“某人”用somebody表示。85.专题2 2 代词13Dont lose _ in computer games,boys.Ayourself BYourselves Chimself Dthemselves【答案】B86.专题2 2 代词14 Did you finish the homework _？Sure,Mr Wang.Nobody helped _.Ayou;I Byours;me Cyourself;mine Dyourself;me【答案】D87.专题2 2 代词15The apples on this tree are bigger than _ on that tree.Athem Bthose Cthat Dits【解析】B为了避免重复，可用 that 和 those 代替前面提到的名词。该句中apples为复数名词，故用those来代替。88.专题2 2 代词16 Who taught _ to swim?Nobody.I learned all by _ Ayou;myself Byour;myself Cyou;me Dyour;mine【解析】Ateach sb to do sth 意为“教某人做某事”，其中sb 为代词时应用宾格；all by oneself为固定短语。89.专题2 2 代词172012泰安 I hate people _ talk much but do little.Awho Bwhich Cwhose Dwhom【解析】A此题考查定语从句中关系代词的用法。people为人且在定语从句中作主语，故选A。90.专题2 2 代词18.What kind of movies do you like?I like the movies _ are about Chinese history.Awho Bwhom Cwhose Dthat【答案】D91.专题2 2 代词19 _ sweater do you like best?The blue one.AWho BWhich CWhom DWhose【答案】B92.专题2 2 代词20I had to buy _ these books because I didnt know which one was the best.Aboth Bnone Cneither Dall【答案】D93.专题2 2 代词21We had a picnic last month and it was a lot of fun,so lets have _ one this month.Athe other Bsome Canother Dother【答案】C94.专题2 2 代词22How often is the World Cup held?_ four years.AFor BEvery CEach DIn【解析】Bevery four years 意为“每四年”，用来回答“how often”引导的特殊疑问句。each没有此用法。95.专题2 2 代词232012滨州 _ went hiking last weekend because of the bad weather.ASomeone BNo one CEveryone DNothing【解析】B句意：因为天气不好，没有人去远足。96.专题2 2 代词24We have two foreign teachers here.One is from England,and _ is from America.Aanother Bthe other Cother Dthe others【解析】Bonethe other指“两者中的一个，另一个”。句意：我们这儿有两位外国老师，一位来自英国，另一位来自美国。故选B。97.专题2 2 代词25Which do you prefer,tea or coffee?I dont care._ is OK.AEither BNeither CBoth DAll【答案】A98.专题2 2 代词26A foreign visitor is coming to visit our new house this evening.My mother will offer him _ to eat.Aanything delicious B.something real Chinese Csomething Japanese food D.delicious something【答案】B99.专题2 2 代词27Help _ to some fruit，Jack.Thank you.Ayour Byourselves Cyou Dyourself【答案】D100.专题2 2 代词282012泰安 Can I help you,boy?Yes.There is _ wrong with my bike.Asomething Banything Ceverything Dnothing【答案】A101.专题2 2 代词292013杭州 They are able to talk openly to one another whenever _ of them feels hurt.Aeither Bboth Csome Dall【解析】Aeither意为“任何一个”，作主语时谓语动词用单数。102.专题2 2 代词302012聊城 Can I come this afternoon or tomorrow morning?_ is OK.Im free today and tomorrow.AEither BNeither CBoth DNone【解析】A根据答语“Im free today and tomorrow.”可知今天和明天都可以，故选用either，意为“两者当中任意一个都可以”。103.专题2 2 代词31_ is impossible if you put your heart into it.AAnything BSomething CEverything DNothing【答案】D104.专题2 2 代词322012烟台 Do you like communicating with your friends on QQ or MSN?_.Id rather _ mobile phone.AEither;use BNeither;use CBoth;not to use DNeither;to use【解析】Bneither意为“两者都不”；would rather do sth 意为“宁可做某事”。105.专题2 2 代词332013鞍山 The teachers in that school speak either English or French,or even _.Thats so cool!Aall Bboth Cneither Dnone【解析】B句意：那所学校的老师或者说英语或者说法语，(有的)甚至这两种语言都说。106.专题2 2 代词34Do you know how many people there are in the hall?_.Because the meeting has been put off.ANo one BNothing CNone DNobody【解析】Cnone意为“三者或三者以上中没有一个”，用来回答how many引导的特殊疑问句；no one/nobody用来回答who引导的特殊疑问句；nothing用来回答what引导的特殊疑问句。107.专题2 2 代词35_ may have a chance to be successful if he tries his best.ASomebody BEverybody CNobody DNone【答案】B108.专题2 2 代词36The question is simple._ can answer it.ASomeone BAnybody CNobody DNo one【答案】B109.专题2 2 代词37Mum,what else can we do to help you?_else,I think.Everything is OK.ASomething BNothing CAnything DEverything【答案】B110.专题2 2 代词38I dont care what you say.I believe I can beat you at chess _ day.Asome Bany Ceach Devery【解析】Asome day在此是“(将来的)某一天”的意思。111.专题2 2 代词39John,we have few apples left.Could you go and buy_？Sure.But I have _ here.Aany;any Bsome;any Cany;some Dsome;some【解析】Dsome用于疑问句中表示客气的请求，并希望得到肯定回