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北师大版初中英语What-how-a句型讲义全及答案.doc

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北师大版初中英语What how a句型讲义全及答案 一、选择题 1._______ awful the weather is! I’m afraid we have to cancel our sports meeting. A.What an B.What C.How an D.How 2.—The writer can write good articles .Look at this ,_______ exciting news report! A.What B.How a C.What an D.How 3.How + adj. + a/ an +名词+主语+谓语+其他成分!例如: How clever a boy he is! 他是一个多么聪明的男孩啊! 4.How + adj./ adv. +主语+谓语+其他成分!例如: How fast he drives! 他开得真快呀! 5.—The self-driving plane proves to be useful in many ways. —________ smart the invention is! A.What B.How C.What a D.How a 6.―We should learn from the doctors and nurses ________ help to treat the patients in Hubei. ―Yes. ________ brave they are! A.who; What B.which, What C.which, How D.who, How 7.________ pleasant the journey was! It really opened my eyes. A.How B.What a C.What an D.What 8.Don’t let any failures influence your moods, for you can never tell ________ close you may be to victory. A.what B.why C.where D.how 9.We should learn from the doctors and nurses_______ help to treat the patients in Hubei._______brave they are! A.who, What B.which, What C.which, How D.who, How 10.— _________ crowded Guanqian Street is! — Yes, because the number of people has kept _________ greatly since 1990. A.What; rising B.How a; raising C.What; raising D.How; rising 11.________ amazing the magic is! He can see through the walls. A.What B.How C.What a D.What an 12.-_______________ fine day it is today! -Yes. the sunshine is __________ beautiful that I'd like to go hiking with you. A.How; such B.What a; very C.How; so D.What a; so 13.—Look! the man is riding! He leaves other people far behind. —I know him. He is a famous riding-lover. A.How fast B.How slowly C.What fast D.What slowly 14.Smart phones are helpful. However,some people use them only for mobile games. __________! A.What a surprise B.What surprise C.What a waste D.What waste 15.—I can’t believe Jack talked to his grandfather like that just now. ______ boy he is! —I agree. He is not supposed to do that. A.How polite B.How impolite C.What a polite D.What an impolite 16.- How was your voluntary work in the countryside? - Oh, __________ exciting experience! I’Il never forget it! A.what B.what an C.how D.how a 17.________ he has provided for us! A.What a useful advice B.What useful suggestions C.How useful the advice D.How useful suggestions 18.– Our classmates are going to Rose Garden after the exam. –______ exciting idea! A.What B.How C.What an D.How an 19._________ surpring news! Many people lost their lives in Xiangshui Chemical Plant explosion . A.How B.How a C.What D.What a 20.________and amazing progress our country has made in the last few years! A.How a great B.How great C.What a great D.What great 21.—It’s raining now and I’ll give you a ride to school. — What a great ______! A.rule B.order C.news D.offer 22.—The sky is blue and I can smell the Mowers. 一 great fun it is to go spring outing! A.How a B.How C.What a D.What 23.—It's reported that Music and Art will enter the Entrance Examination for the High School. — big news! So it's important for students to learn them well. A.What B.What a C.How D.How a 24.--- __________ exciting news it is to have undergrounds in Changzhou soon! Do you know when Metro Line 1 will open? --- _________ the end of 2019. A.How; Until B.What; Not until C.What; Until D.How; Not until 25.— the TV series All is well is! I can’t stop watching it. — You’d better finish your homework first. A.What interesting B.How interesting C.What boring D.How boring 26.—________great fun we had in the park yesterday! —Yes, I will never forget it. A.What a B.What C.How a D.How 27.—________ terrible weather! —Yes, many people in Suzhou were badly hurt that day. A.What a B.How a C.How D.What 28.— CGTN covered the launch of the core capsule (核心舱), named Tianhe, into space ________. — ________ great moment for our mother country! A.lively; How B.live; What a C.live; How D.lively; What a 29.________ unusual music he is playing! All of us are losing ourselves in it. A.How B.What a C.What D.How a 30.— The sky is blue and I can smell the flowers. — ________ great fun it is to go spring outing! A.How B.How a C.What D.What a 31.________ role she played in the movie! That’s why she has a lot of fans. A.How an interesting B.How interesting C.What an interesting D.What interesting 32.—________ excellent work you have done! —It’s very kind of you to say so. It seems much easier than I ________. A.What an; thought B.What; thought C.How; think D.How an; think 33.— ________ moving person Zhang Dingyu is! He devoted himself to treating and helping patients in Wuhan. —Yes, he won the award for Moving China last year. A.How a B.How C.What a D.What 34.—________ interesting story! —________ excited you look! May I have a look at it? A.What an; What B.How; How C.What an; How D.How; What 35.—________ nice day it is today! Let’s go out to play. —That sounds good. A.How B.What C.What a D.What an 36.— The Long March 5 called “Fat 5” was launched(发射) on Dec. 27, 2019. — __________ exciting event! A.What a B.How C.How an D.What an 37.What + a/ an + adj. +可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其他成分!例如: What an interesting story it is! 多有趣的故事啊! 38.Look! ________ the roller coaster________! A.How high speed; is moving B.What high speed; is moving C.How high speed; is moving at D.What high speed; is moving at 39.—Jane won first prize in the English speech competition. —________ great progress she has made! Her English used to be pretty bad. A.How a B.How C.What a D.What 40.—Do you know that people in quite ________ few places in China witnessed on Sunday the most wonderful event of the year, an annular solar eclipse(金边日环食)? —What _____ exciting news! It’s reported the whole eclipse lasted about three and a half hours. A.a; an B.the; / C.a; / D.the; an 41.—________we faced while we were carrying out the task! —Thanks to the volunteers, we could avoid it. A.How big disaster B.How good luck C.What a big disaster D.What good luck 42.What _______ fine weather it is! A.a B.an C.the D./ 43.—________ excellent work you have done! —It’s very kind of you to say so. It ________ much easier than I thought. A.What; seems B.How; seems C.What an; looks D.How an; looks 44.—________special festival this Spring Festival was! —Yeah. Most people had to stay at home in order to prevent the spread of the COVID-19. A.What B.What a C.How D.How a 45.I found cooking________ great fun. ________ fantastic time we had cooking all kinds of delicious food during the long winter holiday! A.so, What a B.such, How C.so a, What D.such, What a 46.— terrible mess you have made! —Sorry, I will clear it up right now. A.What B.What a C.How D.How a 47.—Steve, did you eat Beijing Duck during your visit to Beijing? —Sure ! ________ delicious food! A.What a B.How a C.What D.How 48.—________ wonderful news program you showed to me! —It's my honor that you like it. A.How B.What C.What a D.How a 49.______ delicious food you cook! Thank you for your treat and I really enjoy it. A.What a B.What C.How a D.How 50.________ useful dictionary it is! I want to buy one. A.What B.What a C.How D.How a 【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除 一、选择题 1.D 解析:D 【详解】 句意:天气是多么糟糕!恐怕我们得取消我们的运动会了。 考查感叹句的用法。因为是跟形容词连用故用how,又因为天气是不可数名词,因此不宜用an,“How+形容词+主语+谓语!”故选D。 2.C 解析:C 【详解】 句意:-这个作家经常写好文章。看看这个。多么令人激动的新闻报告啊!这里考查感叹句的用法,常用What和How引导,他们的句型是:What a/an+形容词+可数名词单数或者What +形容词+名词复数或不可数名词;How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数或者How+形容词或副词。句中news report是可数名词单数形式,空后的exciting是形容词,故应选C。 3.无 4.无 5.B 解析:B 【详解】 句意:——无人驾驶飞机证明在很多方面都很有用。——多么聪明的发明啊! 考查感叹句。感叹句的结构:What+形容词+复数名词+主语+谓语!How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!What+a+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语!How+形容词+a+单数名词+主语+谓语!因此排除D项。此处修饰形容词smart,因此用how,故选B。 6.D 解析:D 【详解】 句意:——我们应该向在湖北帮助治疗病人的医生和护士学习。 ——是的。他们多勇敢啊! 考查定语从句和感叹句。第一空考查定语从句的关系词,which的先行词是物,who的先行词是人,本句的先行词是“doctors and nurses”,表示人,所以关系词应用who;第二空考查感叹句,感叹句的结构是“What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!”或“How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!”,句中主语前的“brave(勇敢的)”是形容词,由此可知此句是由How引导的感叹句。第一空填who,第二空填How。故选D。 7.A 解析:A 【详解】 句意:旅途真愉快啊!它真的让我大开眼界。 考查感叹句。根据感叹句的结构How+形容词+主语+谓语!主语是the journey,谓语是was,pleasant“令人愉快的”是形容词,故选A。 8.D 解析:D 【详解】 句意:不要让失败影响你的心情,因为你永远不知道你离胜利可能有多近。 考查宾语从句的引导词。tell后缺少宾语,此处是宾语从句,根据空后“close you may be to victory”结合选项可推出此处用“how+形容词+主语+谓语+其他”构成感叹句,表示“你离胜利可能有多近”。故选D。 9.D 解析:D 【详解】 句意:我们应该向在湖北帮助治疗病人的医生和护士们学习。他们真勇敢! 考查定语从句和感叹句。第一空考查定语从句的引导词,which的先行词是物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语;who的先行词是人,在定语从句中做主语,本句的先行词是the doctors and nurses,表示人 ,在定语从句中做主语,所以引导词应用who;第二空考查感叹句,感叹句的结构“What +(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!”或“How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!”,句中brave意为“勇敢的”,是形容词,所以分析句子结构可知应用how引导感叹句。故选D。 10.D 解析:D 【详解】 句意:——观前街多么的拥堵啊!——是的,因为自从1990年人的数量持续大幅度上升。 考查感叹句和动词辨析。感叹句结构:what+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主谓,how+形容词/副词+主谓;raise升起,及物动词;rise升起,不及物动词;这里是人的数量上升,空后没有宾语,用不及物动词。故选D。 11.B 解析:B 【详解】 句意:这个魔术多么令人惊叹啊!他能透过墙壁看到东西。 考查感叹句。amazing“令人大为惊奇的、令人惊叹的”,形容词。后无被它修饰的名词,用:How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!故选B。 12.D 解析:D 【详解】 句意:—今天天气真好!—对。阳光太美了,我想和你一起去远足。 考查感叹句、结果状语从句。感叹句式“what+不定冠词+形容词+单数可数名词”;“what+形容词+复数可数名词”;“what+形容词+不可数名词”;“How+形容词或副词+主谓”!空格后“ fine day”是“形容词+单数名词”,由此判断用“what+不定冠词+形容词+单数可数名词”的句式,所以空格1填what a;so… that或such…that引导结果状语从句;such 是形容词,修饰名词或名词词组,so 是副词,修饰形容词或副词;空格2在形容词前,所以空格2填so;故选D。 13.A 解析:A 【详解】 句意:——看!那个人骑得多快啊!他把其他人都甩在后面了。——我知道他。他是一个著名的骑行爱好者。 考查感叹句。根据“He leaves other people far behind.”可知是感叹骑得快,用副词fast,感叹词用how,组成“How + 副词 + 主语 + 谓语!”结构。故答案为A。 14.C 解析:C 【详解】 句意:智能手机很有用。然而一些人仅仅用它们来玩手机游戏,多么浪费啊! 考查感叹句。A. What a surprise多么惊奇啊;B. What surprise多么惊奇啊;C. What a waste多么浪费啊;D. What waste多么浪费啊。根据句意可知,空处表达的意思是“多么浪费啊”,故排除A、B;waste名词,在这里是名词具体化,指一件浪费的事情,故选C。 【点睛】 英语感叹句:感叹句是表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子。一般用what和how开头。1. what引导的感叹句:What+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语+其它;What+a+形容词(辅音因素开头)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它;What+an+形容词(元音音素开头)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它。例如:What a lovely boy he is! 2. how引导的感叹句:How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语+其它。例如:How tall the boy is! 本题考查what引导的感叹句。 15.D 解析:D 【详解】 句意:—我真不敢想象Jack刚才那么对他祖父说话。他是个多没礼貌的男孩啊!—我同意。他不应该那么做。 考查感叹句。根据“______ boy he is!”可知感叹句的中心词是boy,用感叹词what不用how。根据语境可知是Jack是个不礼貌的男孩。故选D。 16.B 解析:B 【详解】 句意:——你在乡村的志愿工作怎么样?——多么激动人心的经历啊!我永远不会忘记。 根据感叹句结构:What +a/an + 形容词+名词单数(+主语+谓语+其他)+! How +形容词/副词(+主语+谓语+其他)+!exciting 激动人心的,形容词;experience经历,名词单数;故选B。 【点睛】 感叹句结构,1. What +a/an + 形容词+名词(+主语+谓语+其他)+!例如:What a clever boy he is!或What an interesting story it is !;What +形容词+复数名词(+主语+谓语+其他)+!例如:What beautiful flowers they are!;What +形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语+其他)+!例如:What cold weather it is ! 2.How +形容词(+a+名词)+(主语+谓语+其他)+!例如:How clever a boy he is!How tall he is!;How +形容词/副词(+主语+谓语+其他)+!例如:How lovely the baby is! How well she sings! 17.B 解析:B 【详解】 句意:他给我们提供了多么有用的建议啊!advice建议,是不可数名词,suggestion建议,是可数名词。What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!故排除A项。 How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!故排除CD两项。What+形容词+复数名词+主语+谓语!故选B。 18.C 解析:C 【详解】 句意:--我们同学考试后要去玫瑰花园。--真是一个令人激动的主意。考查感叹句。英语中的感叹句有:一,由what引导的感叹句:1.What + a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!2.What +形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!3. What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!二,由 how 引导的感叹句,其句子结构也分为三种:1.How +形容词 / 副词+主语+谓语!2. How +形容词+ a/an +可数名词单数+主语+谓语!本题中心词是idea是可数名词,且为单数。故选C。 【点睛】 由 what 引导的感叹句,其句子结构可分为以下三种:1.What + a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语如:What a nice present it is! 它是一件多么好的礼物啊!2.What +形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语如:What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊3. What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语如:What important news it is! 多重要的新闻啊!由 how 引导的感叹句,其句子结构也分为三种:1.How +形容词 / 副词+主语+谓语如:How careful she is! 她多么细心啊!2. How +形容词+ a/an +可数名词单数+主语+谓语如:How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊!3. How +主语+谓语如:How time flies! 光阴似箭! 19.C 解析:C 【详解】 多么令人震惊的新闻!许多人在响水化工厂爆炸中丧身。考查感叹句。what用来强调名词,how用来强调形容词或副词。又因为news是不可数名词,不能用a修饰。故选C。 【点睛】 由 what 引导的感叹句,其句子结构可分为以下三种:1.What + a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语如:What a nice present it is! 它是一件多么好的礼物啊!2.What +形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语如:What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊3. What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语如:What important news it is! 多重要的新闻啊!由 how 引导的感叹句,其句子结构也分为三种:1.How +形容词 / 副词+主语+谓语如:How careful she is! 她多么细心啊!2. How +形容词+ a/an +可数名词单数+主语+谓语如:How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊!3. How +主语+谓语如:How time flies! 光阴似箭! 20.D 解析:D 【解析】 【详解】 句意:在过去的几年里,我们的国家取得了多么伟大和惊人的进步啊!考查感叹句。感叹句:what引导感叹句时,what修饰名词,结构为“What+(adj.)+不可数名词/复数名词+(主语+谓语)”或“What+a/an+(adj.)+单数名词+(主语+谓语)”;how引导感叹句时,how修饰形容词或副词,结构为“How+adj./adv.+(主语+谓语)”。此处修饰不可数名词progress,故选D。 21.D 解析:D 【详解】 句意:——现在下雨了,我送你去上学。——多好的提议啊!A.规则;B.订单;C.新闻;D.提议。由题干可知,本句是一个感叹句。根据空前a great,可知,此空应填可数名词的单数,根据句意可知,此空是建议的意思,此空故填offer,故选D。 22.D 解析:D 【详解】 句意:----天空是蓝色的,我能闻到割草机的气味。-----去春游是多么有趣啊!考查感叹句。英语感叹句由what和how引导,what后面跟名词,how后面跟形容词或副词。具体构成如下:(1)what + a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!(2)what +形容词+不可数名词或可数名词复数+主语+谓语!(3)how+形容词或副词+主语+谓语!本句的中心词fun是不可数名词,可知用what引导此感叹句;故选D。 23.A 解析:A 【详解】 句意:——据报道,音乐和艺术将纳入高中入学考试。——多大的消息啊!所以对学生来说,学好它们是很重要的。感叹句的构成是:What+a/an+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!/What+形容词+不可数名词或名词的复数形式+主语+谓语!或How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!根据空后big news!可知,news是不可数名词,此空故填What,故选A。 24.B 解析:B 【详解】 句意:------很快在常州就有地铁了,这是多么令人兴奋的消息啊!你知道地铁1号线什么时候运营吗?-------直到2019年底。考查感叹句和时间状语从句。英语感叹句通常由what, how引导,What用来修饰名词,how用来修饰形容词、副词。news:消息,不可数名词,可知用what引导此感叹句,第一个空填What。not …until:直到…时候才开始,要与非延续性动词连用;until :直到…时候才结束,要与延续性动词连用,结合句意可知填Not until。故选B。 【点睛】 感叹句表示赞美、惊叹、喜 悦、等感情。英语感叹句通常由what, how引导,What用来修饰名词,how用来修饰形容词、副词。感叹句结构主要有以下几种:1.How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语!2.What + a +形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!3.What+ 形容词+复数名词+主语+谓语!4.What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语! 25.B 解析:B 【详解】 句意:——《都挺好》这个电视剧真有趣!我忍不住要看它。 ——你最好首先完成你的作业。 考查感叹句。根据后文“我不能停止看它”可知,他是喜欢这部电视剧,所以排除C和D,另外,what引导的感叹句结构为 what +a/an +adj. + n. +主语+谓语!而由how引导的感叹句结构为how+adj. +主语+谓语!此处本句主语是the TV series All is well,而谓语是is,可知此处是由how引导的感叹句,故选B。 26.B 解析:B 【详解】 句意:——我们昨天在公园玩得多开心啊!——是啊,我永远不会忘记。 考查感叹句的用法。What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!How +形容词+ a/an +可数名词单数+主语+谓语!fun是不可数名词,因题干中空格后用了形容词再跟不可数名词,故选择what。故选B。 27.D 解析:D 【详解】 句意:——多么可怕的天气! ——是的,那天苏州有很多人受了重伤。 考查感叹句。观察句子,这里省略了主谓,weather是不可数名词,前面不能有定冠词a,排除选项AB。根据“what+adj. +不可数名词+(主谓)”和“how+ adj.+主谓”,可知应该用what,故选D。 28.B 解析:B 【详解】 句意:——中国国际电视台(CGTN)直播了名为“天河”的核心太空舱发射升空的过程。——对我们祖国来说,这是多么伟大的时刻啊! 考查副词和感叹句。lively活泼的;live在现场直播,副词;what开头的感叹句后接名词或名词性短语;how开头的感叹句后接形容词或副词。cover电视报道,动词需用副词修饰,前空可排除AD两项;great moment是形容词短语,需用what开头的感叹句。结合选项,故选B。 29.C 解析:C 【详解】 句意:他演奏的音乐多么不同寻常啊!我们所有人都沉浸其中。 考查感叹句,观察句子,中心词是不可数名词music,再根据感叹号句型:what + adj. + 不可数名词(主谓),可知应该用what,故选C。 30.C 解析:C 【详解】 句意:——天很蓝,我闻到了花香。——去春游多有趣啊! 考查感叹句。“what+不定冠词+形容词+单数可数名词”;“what+形容词+复数可数名词”;“what+形容词+不可数名词”;“How+形容词或副词+主谓”!根据“great fun ”是“形容词+不可数名词”结构,可知用“what+形容词+不可数名词”句式;故选C。 31.C 解析:C 【详解】 句意:她在电影中扮演的角色多有趣啊!这就是她有这么多粉丝的原因。 考查感叹句。根据空后的单数名词role可知,该句符合感叹句结构What a/an + adj +可数名词单数+主谓!故选C。 32.B 解析:B 【详解】 句意:——你的工作做得多好啊!——你这么说真是太好了。它似乎比我想的容易得多。 考查感叹句和动词时态辨析。分析句子可知,第一句是感叹句,work是不可数名词,用“What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语”结构,可排除ACD三项;第三句根据语境可知动词think发生在过去,需用过去式thought,故选B。 33.C 解析:C 【详解】 句意:——张定宇真是一个感人的人!他在武汉致力于治疗和帮助病人。——是的,他去年获得《感动中国》奖。 考查感叹句。感叹句的结构:How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!What a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!此处修饰单数名词person,因此用what a,故选C。 34.C 解析:C 【详解】 句意:——多么有趣的一个故事!——你看起来多么兴奋啊!我可以看看么? 考查感叹句。“story”是可数单数名词, “exciting”是元音音素开头的单词,用“what an 形容词 名词”的结构。“excited”是形容词,用“how 形容词+主语+谓语动词”的结构。故选C。 35.C 解析:C 【详解】 句意:——今天多么好的天气啊!我们出去玩吧。——听起来不错。 考查感叹句。感叹句的结构为:how+形容词/副词+主谓;what+a/an+形容词+可数名词的单数形式
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