高中英语名词性从句详细讲解名师优质课获奖市赛课一等奖课件.ppt

*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,名词性从句,noun clause,主语从句,subject clause,宾语从句,object clause,表语从句,predicative clause,同位语从句,appositive clause,第1页,请判断出以下句子属于哪种从句,What I want to do,is taking a bath.,The news,that they won the game,spread the whole school.,I dont think,he is an honest boy,.,The fact is,that he stole the car,.,Do you know the fact,that he stole the car,?,Do you know the man,who is standing over there?,It is said,that they won the game.,(主从),(同位语从句),(宾从),(表从),(同位语从句),(定从),(主从),第2页,引导名词性从句连接词：,that（无意义，不可省，不充当任何成份）,whether,if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容不确定性）,as if,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）,以上在从句中均不充当任何成份,第3页,连接代词,：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whomever,whose,which,whichever,连接副词,：when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever,however,连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句成份,第4页,不可省略连词：,1.介词后连词,2.引导主语从句和同位语从句连词不可省略。,That she was chosen made us very happy.,We heard the news that our team had won.,第5页,在复合句中作主语从句.引导词有连词,that,，,whether,;代词：,who,what,which,;副词：,when,where,how,why,等.,1,.That he is a famous singer,is known to us.,(It is known to us that he is a famous singer.),2.When he will go to America,is not yet fixed.,(It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.),主语从句,第6页,1.It+be+形容词 that从句,It is necessary/,important/obvious,that,2.It+be+-ed分词 that从句,It is believed that 人们相信,It is known to us all that.众所周知,It has been decided that 已经决定,3.It+be+名词 that从句,It is common knowledge that 是常识,It is a surprise that.令人惊奇是,It is a fact that 事实是,4.It+不及物动词 that从句,It appears that 似乎,It happens that.恰巧,It occurred to me that 我突然想起,第7页,另注意在主语从句中用来表示,惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此,等语气时，谓语动词要用 虚拟语气“(should)+do”，惯用句型有：,It is necessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that,It is suggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that,第8页,主语从句中“主谓一致”：,1.主语从句通常被看作一个整体,主句谓语动词用单数形式.,That they will come _certain.,2.What 引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词单复数由表语单复数决定.,What he wants _these books.,What he wants _some water.,注意,is,are,is,第9页,1_in the regulations that you should not tell other people the pass word of your e-mail account.(上海),A.What is required B.What requires,C It is required D.It requires,2.The Foreign Minister said,“_ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”(北京),A.This B.There is C.That is D.It is,3.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth,_ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.(上海),A.where B.what C.that D.how,Exercises,第10页,宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语,名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。,1.She did not know,what had happened,.,2.,Our success depends upon,how well we can cooperate with one another.,3.,I am afraid,(that)Ive made a mistake,.,宾语从句,(作动词宾语),(作介词宾语),(作形容词宾语),第11页,1.由连接词that引导宾语从句,由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成份，在口语或非正式文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前that不可省,。比如：,We must never think(that)we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.,第12页,注意：在,demand，order，suggest，decide，insist,desire,request,command,doubt,等表示,要求、命令、提议、决定,等意义动词后，宾语从句惯用“（should）+动词原形”。,I insist that she(should)do her work alone.我坚持要她自己工作。,The commander ordered that troops(should)set off at once.司令员命令部队马上出发。,第13页,2.用whether或if引导宾语从句，其主语和谓语次序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈说句语序。另外，whether与if 在作“是否”意思讲时在以下情况下普通只能用whether，不用if：,a.引导,主语从句,并在,句首,时；b.引导,表语从句,时；c.引导从句作,介词宾语,时；d.从句后有“,or not,”时；e.后接,动词,不定式,时。,第14页,Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.,The question is whether she should have a low opinion of the test?,Everything depends on whether we have enough money.,I wonder whether he will come or not.,Can you tell me whether to go or to stay?,第15页,宾语从句中“时态呼应”与“否定转移”,若主句谓语动词为,think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,imagine,等，其后宾语从句若含,有否定意义，普通要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句,谓语用必定式。比如：,He,told,me that he _ his job.,(,已经完成了工作),时态呼应,否定转移,我认为他不会来这里.,I think he wont come here.(),I dont think he will come here.(),had finished,注意,第16页,4.注意宾语从句中时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句依据本身句子情况，而使用不一样时态。比如：,I know(that)he studies English every day.,I know(that)he studied English last term.,I know(that)he will study English next year.,I know(that)he has studied English since 1998.,第17页,当主句动词是过去时态（could,would除外），从句则要用对应过去时态，如普通过去时，过去进行时，过去未来时等；当从句表示是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。比如：,The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America,第18页,宾语从句中用it作形式宾语,We think it,our duty,that we should help others.,注意：假如主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语时，普通用it来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾补后面。,我发觉他两天之内完成工作是不可能.,I find it,impossible,that he can finish the work in two days.,第19页,Exercises:“it”作形式主语或形式宾语：,1.I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full,A.it B.that C.these D.them,2.I feel _ strange that he should be so careless.,A./B.it C.that D.how,3.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.,Awhile B.that Cif Dfor,4 Will you see to _ that the luggage is brought back?,A.weB.yourselfC.itD.them,A,B,B,C,第20页,在复合句中作主句表语.,引导表语从句关联词与引导主语从句关联词大致一样,表语从句,1.问题是我们和他已失去联络.,2.这就是亨利怎么处理这个问题.,3.天看起来要下雨了.,The problem is_,This is_.,It looks_.,that,we have lost touch with him,.,how,Henry solved the problem.,as if it is going to rain.,第21页,需要注意，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。,The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning.,【注意】whether 可引导表语从句，但与之同义if却通常不用于引导表语从句。,第22页,在句中起同位语作用.普通放在名词,fact,news,idea,promise,thought,suggestion,belief,truth,等之后,用以说明或解释前面名词.引导词有连词,that(不能省),；少数情况下也可用连接副词等.,1.The thought,that we might succeed,excited us.,2.The idea,that they should try a second time,is worth considering.,3.The suggestion,that the plan(should)be delayed,will be discussed tomorrow.,同位语从句,第23页,同位语从句和,定语从句,区分：,that作为关系代词，能够引导定语从句，充当句子成份，在从句中作宾语时能够省略；that引导同位语从句时，起连词作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成份，普通不能省略。,I had no idea that you were here（that引导同位语从句，不能省略）,Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？（that引导定语从句，作宾语，能够省略）,第24页,Exercises,1.Doris success lies in the fact _ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others.(上海春季),A.which B.that C.when D.why,2.Do you have any idea_ is actually going on in the classroom?,(辽宁),A.that B.what c.as D.which,3.There is a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO is not ever.(上海),A.that B.which c.of which D.what,4.Information has been put forward_ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.,A.while B.that C.when D.as,第25页,(1)They want to know _ do to help us.,A.what can they B.what they can,C.how they can D.how can they,(2)Can you make sure _ the gold ring?,A.where Alice had put B.where had Alice put,C.where Alice has put D.where has Alice put,(3)Someone is ringing Mary.Go and see _.,A.who is he B.who he is,C.who is it D.who it is,B,C,I.语序问题,考点归纳,D,归纳,在名词性从句中，除了,关联词在从句之首,外，其它部分,应用,_,语序,。,陈说,第26页,II.用if 或whether 填空,1.I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow.,2.I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow.,3.The question is _ this book is worth writing.,4.It depends on _ we will have enough money.,5._ they can do it matters little to us.,6,._ you are not free tomorrow,Ill go without you,whether/if,whether,whether,whether,Whether,If,a.主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、介词后面宾语从句只能用_，不能用if；,b.后面紧跟 or not 时,用_.,归纳,whether,whether,第27页,III.that 与whether/if 选择：,(1)_ knowledge comes from practice is known to all.,WhatB.WhereC.If D.That,(2)It makes no difference _ our sports meet will be held,this week or next week.,A.thatB.eitherC.whetherD.when,(3)I doubt _ he will come soon.,(4)I do not doubt _ he will come soon.,(5)Do you doubt _ he will come soon?,D,C,whether/if,that,that,表示是否时用_,表示必定时用_,归纳,whether/if,that,第28页,1._ I cant understand is why he has,changed his mind.,2._ the earth is round is known to us all.,3._ he won the race was _ we expected.,that:,what:,_只起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成份，没有词义,_起连接作用，且在从句中充当主语，宾语或表语，,表示“所”。,That,What,That,what,归纳,.that，what引导名词性从句区分,第29页,.what&whatever,who&whoever,which&whichever,引导名词性从句区分,1._ is worth doing is worth doing well.,2._we need is more time.,3._ made the long distance call to him is,not important.,4._ breaks the law will be punished.,Whatever,What,Who,Whoever,_等引导名词性从句,不含有疑问意义,，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而,_等引导名词性从句都,含有疑问意义,。,Whoever,whatever,Who,what,第30页,1.Its generally considered unwise to give a child _ he,or she wants.,which B.thatC.whatever D.all what,2.These wild flowers are so special that I would do _ I,can to save them.,which B.thatC.whatever D.all what,3._ kills,sells or eats wild animals or birds,is to blame.,AnyoneB.Anyone whoC.Those whoD.Those,B,C,C,Exercises,第31页,.名词性从句中虚拟语气：,He suggested,that a meeting,(should)be held,immediately.,It was suggested,that a meeting,(should)be held,immediately.,His suggestion was,that a meeting,(should)be held,immediately.,He made a suggestion,that a meeting,(should)be held,immediately.,表示,提议,请求,命令,要求,坚持,等名词性从句中,谓语动词用虚拟语气.,归纳,第32页,2.在主语从句中用来表示,惊奇,不相信,惋惜,理应如此,等,谓语动词用虚拟语气,(should)+do,惯用句型有,1)It is,necessary(important,natural,strange,etc,),that,2)It is,a pity(a shame,no wonder etc,),that,e.g.It is,strange,that she,(should)think,so.,第33页,试区分以下句子,Do you know the fact,that he stole the car?,Do you know the fact,that they were talking about?,注意：1.假如是定语从句，它从句必定是不完整，关系词必定在句中充当成份；而同位语从句中that只起连接作用。,2.定语从句是对先行词起修饰作用，而同位语从句则解释说明前面名词详细内容。,(同从),(定从),拓展,第34页,1.The question is _the film is worth seeing.,A.if B.what C.whether D.how,2.They received orders _ the work be done at once.,A.which B.when C./D.that,3.The reason _ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed.,A.why;why B.why;because,C.why;that D.that;because,C,C,D,Consolidation:,第35页,4._ I cant understand is _ she wants to change her mind.,A.What;why B.Which;how,C.That;why D.What;because,5._ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain.,A.That B.Whether,C.If D.Even if,6.It is known to us _ where there is pollution,there is harm.,A.which B.where C.what D.that,D,A,B,第36页,7.I have the information _.,A.of what hell come soon,B.that hell come soon,C.of that hell come soon,D.his coming soon,8.-I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball.,-_ it made me nearly mad.,A.That he broke B.What he broke,C.He broke D.His break,B,A,第37页,9.It remains a question _ we can get so much money in such a short time.,A.how B.that C.when D.what,10.-Can I help you?,-Yes,do you know _?,A.when comes the bus,B.when will come the bus,C.when does the bus come,D.when the bus comes,A,D,第38页,11.He made a promise _ anyone set him free he would make him very rich.,A.that B.if,C.what D.that if,12.They lost their way in the forest and _ made matters worse was _ night began to fall.,A.what;that B.it;that,C.what;when D.which;what,A,D,第39页,13.I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full,A.it B.That C.these D.them,14.I feel _ strange that he should be so careless.,A./B.it C.that D.how,15.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.（MET92）,Awhile B.that Cif Dfor,A,B,B,第40页,