词汇练习之十选九及完型.doc

词汇练习之十选九及完型
（一）
A. differ B. endless C. appropriately D. directly E. occasionally
F. instructions G. process H. interchangeable I. eliminated J. create
So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not 41 hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that “reading cannot be taught 42 and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”.
Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They 43 in kind and function. The function of teaching is to 44 the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also a public activity. It can be seen and observed.
Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that
45 is not open to public examination.
If teacher and learner roles are not 46 , what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the exploring for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching
47 . “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children.”
When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them 48 , then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is
49 . Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.
III. Reading Comprehension
To advertise effectively today, you must abandon the old-school idea of “reaching the masses”. All advertising is local and personal. The key to effective advertising today is to focus on the 50 .
Some are the 51 ways every advertiser could work out. You can print a specific offer of your goods or service on door-hangers and place them on doorknobs in your area. Door-hangers on doorknobs will produce results in direct 52 about the strength of your offer. If you need to reach the drivers, flyer (宣传单) under windshield (挡风玻璃) wipers may have better effect than door-hangers. Imagine, how 53 if you hire someone to be a walking ad or launch a T-shirt advertising, 54 , you can print your products on T-shirts of your 55 . In the early 1970s “Hamp Baker says Drive with Care” was spray-painted on cars, which was a public service ad. Ever since, spray-painted sign has become more and more 56 .
More grand ways are as follows: virtual showroom. Build a website to 57 a virtual showroom. Use it when people call to ask 58 about your company, your products or your services. Also you can even use an old slide projector to put on a nighttime show. They’re 59 effective, and in the long run, cheap. Nothing is quite as powerful as a public 60 that seizes the public’s attention. You can invite a band to give a performance.
61 , you can hire famous models to show it vividly.
Nothing screams “expert” quite as loudly as a book written about a subject. You simply can’t 62 the power of your name on the cover of a book. You might only sell a few copies online, but the copies you give away in your town will make you a fortune. You won’t make money on the book. You’ll make it because of the book.
Of course, word-of-mouth is the best way to promote your 63 . Friends and past customers recommend your products to their family, friends and colleagues. Word-of-mouth works because the 64 is based on previous positive experiences.

50. A. content B. product C. individual D. style
51. A. strange B. common C. amusing D. perfect
52. A. description B. decision C. discussion D. permission
53. A. stupid B. funny C. impressive D. ridiculous
54. A. that is B. first of all C. as a result D. generally speaking
55. A. customers B. employers C. consumers D. employees
56. A. expensive B. valueless C. popular D. meaningless
57. A. refer to B. serve as C. stand for D. keep off
58. A. location B. business-hours C. salary D. details
59. A. unbelievably B. consequently C. accidentally D. occasionally
60. A. speech B. sport C. debate D. performance
61. A. For example B. Moreover C. However D. To be exact
62. A. create B. change C. imagine D. overuse
63. A. production B. friendship C. management D. business
64. A. information B. relationship C. pronunciation D. achievement
（二）
A. owes B. common C. battle D. aggressive E. recovery
F. survivor G. competitive H. dimmed I. ignored J. leads
At the age of 25, Lance Armstrong was one of the world’s best cyclists. He proved it by winning several World Championships. It seemed that his future was bright. However, he was told that he had testicular (睾丸)cancer, the most 41 cancer in men aged 15--35. If detected early, its cure rate is a promising 90 percent.
Like most young, healthy men, Lance 42 the warning signs, and he never imagined the seriousness of the condition. Going untreated, the cancer had spread to his lungs and brain. His chances 43 . He had to follow the doctor’s instructions. Then a combination of physical conditioning, a strong support system and 44 spirit took over. He declared himself not a cancer victim but a cancer 45 . He took an active role in educating himself about his disease and the treatment. Armed with knowledge and confidence in medicine, he underwent 46 treatment and beat the disease.
During the treatment, before his 47 , before he even knew his own fate, he created the Lance Armstrong Foundation for people living with cancer. His victories are inspiring, but his 48 against cancer has begun not just for himself, but also for all cancer survivors like him who think cancer could not affect them. He plans to lead his fight, and he hopes that you will join him. This is a life he 49 to cancer. This is his choice to live strong.
III. Reading comprehension
Rachel Carson, a biologist, grew up wanting to become a writer. Her mother taught her to appreciate nature and encouraged her growing interest in zoology. In 1951, she published The Sea Around Us, which was an immediate 50 and won the National Book Award. This book, and her next, The Edge of the Sea, made her famous as a naturalist. A main theme in her works was the 51 that human beings are part of nature. 52 ，she believed that humans carried a great 53 because they had the power to change the environment. Her most influential book, Silent Spring, warned against the abuse (滥用)of the power. In Silent Spring, Carson 54 the use of chemical pesticides, particularly DDT. She argued that DDT had 55 agricultural productivity but killed various plants and animals along with insect pests.
Silent Spring caused a big stir. The chemical industry 56 vigorously, arguing that Carson confused the issues and left readers 57 to sort fact from fancy. The public was not persuaded by this attack. So great was national 58 that a special presidential advisory committee was 59 . It called for continued research and warned against the 60 use of pesticides. Eventually DDT was banned in the US, and other chemicals were controlled more 61 .
It was not only DDT that worried people. They became more 62 of poisonous fumes in the air, oil spills on the beach and polluted wastes buried in the ground. In the mid-1960s, President Lyndon Johnson addressed environmental concern as part of the Great Society. Johnson hoped for an environment that is 63 to the senses and healthy to live in. 64 lawmaking was part of his broader reform program.
50. A. failure
B. bestseller
C. contribution
D. honor
51. A. dream
B. wonder
C. belief
D. mystery
52. A. Furthermore
B. Therefore
C. However
D. Thus
53. A. advantage
B. priority
C. influence
D. responsibility
54. A. supported
B. attacked
C. changed
D. predicted
55. A. damaged
B. achieved
C. increased
D. limited
56. A. fought over
B. fought back
C. gave in
D. gave up
57. A. easy
B. unknown
C. unable
D. eager
58. A. concern
B. warning
C. lawmaking
D. passion
59.A. registered
B. dismissed
C. concluded
D. appointed
60.A. widespread
B. effective
C. actual
D. temporary
61.A. officially
B. loosely
C. strictly
D. frequently
62. A. free
B. conscious
C. ignorant
D. innocent
63. A. pleasing
B. favorable
C. stable
D. convenient
64. A. Health
B. Environment
C. Publishing
D. Agriculture
（三）
Section B（9分）

Directions: Complete the passage with the words given in the table. Each word can be used only once. There is an extra one that you will find no use for.
A.compare B.responsible C. adopt D.added E. ability
F.reference G. Necessarily H.method I.successful J.employment
As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex. Generally speaking, the Accounts Department is __41__ for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay.
　　If a firm wants to __42__ a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a __43__ of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be __44__, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers. In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of those requirements is given a value, usually in "points", which are __45__ together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their __46__ to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without __47__ to an evaluation system based on points.
　　In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should __48__ the value of each job with these in the job market. __49__, payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that the job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the work done with hands, monetary(货币的) encouragement schemes are often chosen, for indirect workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed.
Ⅲ．Reading Comprehension（50分）
Section A Cloze（15分）
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C or D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
The "standard of living" of any country means the average person's share of the goods and services the country produces. A country's standard of living, ________（50）, depends on its capacity(生产力) to produce wealth. 'Wealth" ________（51）this sense is not money, for we do not live on money _______（52）on things that money can buy: "goods" such as food and clothing, and “services" such as transport and entertainment.
A country's capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of ________（53） have an effect on one another. Wealth depends ________（54） a great extent upon a country's natural resources. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have fertile soil and a favorable climate; other regions possess none of them.
Next to natural resources _______（55） the ability to turn them to use. China is perhaps as well-off _______（56） the USA in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civil and external(外部的) wars, and _______（57） this and other reasons was _______(58) to develop her resources. Sound and stable political conditions, and _______（59） from foreign invasions, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equally well favoured by nature but less well ordered.
A country's standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed ________（60） its own borders, but also upon what is directly produced through international trade. ________（61）, Britain's wealth in foodstuffs (食品)and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on _______（62） grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her surplus （过剩的） manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products that would __________（63） be lacking. A country's wealth is, therefore, much __________（64）by its manufacturing capacity, if that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures.
50. A. however B. furthermore C. similarly D. therefore
51. A. by B. on C. in D. with
52. A .or B. but C. either D. besides
53. A. these B. that C. what D. which
54. A. at B. to C. by D. with
55. A. came B. coming C. comes D. come
56. A. to B. like C. by D. as
57. A .because B. for C. of D. by
58. A. uneasy B. incapable C. impossible D. unable
59. A. resolution B. freedom C. aggression D. destruction
60. A. at B. by C. within D. on
61. A. In short B. For example C. As a result D. On the other hand
62. A. which B. what C. that D. those
63. A. otherwise B. certainly C. however D. therefore
64. A. made B. done C. produced D. influenced
（四）
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. depression B. ignore C. popularity D. fashionable E. unwise
F. establish G. constantly H. residence I. embarrassment J. carefully

How we look and how we appear to others probably worry us more when we are in our teens or early twenties than at any other time in our life. Few of us are content to accept ourselves as we are, and few are brave enough to ___(41)___ the trends of fashion.
Most fashion magazines or TV advertisements try to persuade us that we should dress in a certain way or behave in a certain manner. If we do, they tell us, we will be able to meet new people with confidence and deal with every situation without ___(42)___. Changing fashion, of course, does not apply just to dress. A barber today does not cut a boy's hair in the same way as he used to, and girls do not make up in the same way as their mothers and grandmothers did. The advertisers show us the latest ___(43)___ styles and we are _