八年级下册英语-Unit3-第三单元笔记+练习.doc

Unit 3 what were you doing when the ufo arrived? 【重难点分析】一. 过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作，常和表过去的时间状语连用。 过去进行时的构成：肯定形式：主语+was/were+V-ing否定形式：主语+was not (wasnt)/were not (werent)+V-ing疑问形式：Was/Were+主语+V-ing。基本用法：1. 过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常与之连用的时间状语有：at that time/moment, (at) this time yesterday (last night/Sunday/week), at+点钟+yesterday (last night / Sunday)，when sb. did sth等时间状语从句。如： What were you doing at 7p.m. yesterday? 昨天晚上七点你在干什么？ I first met Mary three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time. 我第一次遇到玛丽是在三年前，当时她在一家无线电商店工作。 I was cooking when she knocked at the door. 她敲门时我正在做饭。 2. when后通常用表示暂短性动词，while后通常用表示持续性动词，因此它所引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态，如： When the car exploded I was walking past it.= While I was walking past the car it exploded.3.when用作并列连词时，主句常用进行时态，从句则用一般过去时，表示主句动作发生的过程中，另一个意想不到的动作发生了。如： I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。 4. when作并列连词，表示“（这时）突然”之意时，第一个并列分句用过去进行时，when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。如： I was taking a walk when I met him. 我正在散步，突然遇见了他。We were playing outside when it began to rain. 我们正在外边玩，这时下起雨来了。特点 ：while之后的从句一般用：进行时态（be+doing） When之后的从句一般用：过去时态 【注：本特点不是while和when的全部用法，更多的用法会在以后的学习中见到】二. 情态动词(Modal Verbs ) 情态动词：must 用于表示“必须”、“务必”注：以must引导的一般疑问句，否定回答习惯上用 No，you neednt或 dont have to. Must I pay now? Yes,you must . No, you neednt./No,you dont have to.三. 重点词汇 1cut v切；剪；割 cut (ones)hair 理发Be carefulDont cut yourself小心，别切到自己。2alien n外星人 An alien got out of the UFO. 一个外星人从不明飞行物里出来。3land v登岸；登陆；降落 n.陆地The plane will land in ten minutes飞机将在十分钟后降落。A UFO landed in the middle of the field. 一个不明飞行物降落在田野中间。4while conj当的时候；在之时While I danced, she sang我跳舞，她唱歌。While he was singing, I was playing baseball. 他当时在唱歌，而我在打棒球。5right adv正好；恰好The accident happened right over there事故正好发生在那里。He lives right in the center of the city. 他恰好住在市中心。6surprised adj惊奇的；吃惊的I was surprised that he was late for the party我很惊讶他聚会居然迟到了。She was surprised that I didnt know about that. 她很吃惊我竟不知那件事。注：ed形容词用于修饰Sb,而ing形容词用于修饰sth7kid v欺骗；哄骗 Im not kidding you我没有骗你。 Youre kidding = No kidding. 别开玩笑了。8anywhere adv到处；无论哪里（用于否定句和一般疑问句中）Did you go anywhere yesterday? 你昨天去没去过什么地方?They didnt go anywhere the day before yesterday. 他们前日天哪里也没去9happen v发生A funny thing happened in the subway yesterday 昨天地铁里发生了一件有趣的事。What happened to him on that day? 那天他怎么了？（发生了什么事？）注：happen 常用于以下两个结构：sth. happen to +名词 ：发生于身上 happen to do sth 碰巧做某事如：She hoped nothing bad would happen to him她希望不会有坏事发生在他身上。10get out of 从出去She tried to get out of helping her mother她尽量逃避帮助她的妈妈。Tom got out of the lift and walked to the station. 汤姆走出电梯然后往车站走去。11run away 跑开；迅速离开；逃走The thief ran away when someone noticed him当有人注意到他的时候，那个贼立刻逃走了。12at the doctors 在诊所；在医院Im thinking of going to the tailors在表示诊所、店铺或某人的家时，经常用名词所有格的形式。Mr. Cools = Mr. Cools clothes store at Jasons = at Jasons storeShe is staying at Marys她住在玛莉家。I want to go to the tailors. 我想到裁缝店去一趟。13. see sb. do sth. 看见某人做(过)某事she saw the alien get out. 她看见外星人出来. 14. 感叹句是英语的一种重要的句型，用来表示人的强烈感情。一般说来，感叹句是由what或how引导，句末用感叹号. 感叹句结构为：What a/an + adj(形容词） + n（名词） +（主+谓） What +adj(形容词) +名词复数 + （主+谓） What +adj(形容词) +不可数名词 + （主+谓）How +adj/adv+ （主+谓）四词语辨析 1、in front of 与in(at) the front of in the front of 在的前面 （表示“有距离的前面”，在一个参照物的前面） e.g.: There is a car in front of the house. 房子前日面有一辆车 in(at) the front of 在的前头，前排（列）（在一个范围内的前面部位） eg. She sat in the front of the bus. 她坐在公交车的前排 2、get out of 与get into 是反义词 get into走进，进入 eg. He get out of the car and get into the building. 3、be amazing与be amazed be amazing 令人惊奇的（修饰事物的，指某事令人惊奇，比surprising更具意外性 e.g.:She has an amazing talent for music.她在音乐方面有惊人的才华。 Isnt that amazing .那不很令人意外吗？ be amazed (at sth./to do /that 从句)（某人）对(因而)大感惊讶(指人作主语) eg. We were amazed at the news.=We were amazed to hear the news.我们对这个消息感到非常惊讶. 4、be surprising与 be surprised be surprising令人惊奇的（用法与be amazing一样，也是修饰事物的） e.g.:a surprising ending 一个令人惊奇的结局 be surprised (at sth./to do/that从句) （某人）对(因而)感到惊奇，用法与be surprised 一样，也是人作主语。 eg. They were surprising that he was badly hurt in the audient. 他们很吃惊他在那次事故中伤得很重。 5、in a tree与 on a tree eg. Are there any birds in the tree? 树上有些鸟吗？ on a tree 在树上（指长在树上的东西） Look! There are many apples on the tree. 6、my flight to New York 与 fly to New York 前者是一个名词短语，后者是一个动词短语。 eg. Her flight to Paris is taking off at 2 p.m. She is flying to Paris at 2 p.m. 五.课文解释： 1. You can imagine how strange it was!你可以想象这事有多惊奇！ eg. You can imagine how fast he runs! 2. I followed it to see where it was going follow sb. to do sth. 跟随去做 eg. Mr White followed his wife to see what was happening there. 3. She didnt think about looking outside the station. Think about (doing) sth. 她未想到去车站外看看. 4. say to sb. 对某人 say to oneself 自言自语 e.g.: He said to himself, “Dont be afraid.” 他自言自语,“不要害怕” 5. look for 寻找（强调找的“过程”） find 找到（强调找的“结果”） eg. He looked for his lost key everywhere but couldnt find it. 6. It was difficult to get out of bed. 从床爬起来很难。 It is difficult/hard to do sth. 做某事很难。 He found that it was difficult to learn physics well. 八年级下册 Unit 3 练习题一选择填空：、( ) 1. I met a friend of mine_ I was walking in the park.A. before B. when C. after D. if( ) 2. Well go for a walk if it_ tomorrow.A. will not rain B. isnt raining C. doesnt rain D. isnt rain( ) 3. I met Li Lei_ hospital last Sunday. He was ill_ hospital then.A. in the, in the B. in, in the C. in the, in D. in, in( ) 4. Grandma is now at _.A. the doctors B. the doctors C. the doctor D. a doctors( ) 5. You go to see a doctor in a hospital. When he asks you, “Whats your trouble?” You should say“_.”A .Im feeling terrible B. Dont trouble me.C. Give me some medicine, please D. Please take care of me( ) 6. When you are_ trouble, why not phone the_?A. at, police B. in, policeman C. in, police D. at, policeman( ) 7. _ useful invention the computer is!A. What a B. What an C. How a D. How an( ) 8. I cant find_ to sit on the crowded bus.A. nowhere B. somewhere C. anywhere D. everywhere( ) 9. My mother was cooking while I_ the radio.A. listened to B. have listened to C. was listening to D. is listening to( ) 10. _ TV at that time?A. Did you watch B. Have you watched C. Were you watching D. Are you watching( ) 11.They arrived_ Paris _ a winter evening.A. at, in B. to, on C. in, on D. in, at( ) 12. Mr. Green told us_ too much time_ reading novels.A. dont take; on B. not to take; in C. not to spend; in D. dont to spend; on( ) 13. Do you know_?A. what he happened B. what the matter is with him.C. what happened to him D. what did he happened( ) 14. The thief_ the purse and _.A. drops, run after B. droped, ran away C. dropped, run away D. dropped, ran away( ) 15.People in China are always dressed _ their best clothes _ New Years Day.A. at, in B. to, on C. in, on D. in, at16. When I arrived at his office, he _ on the phone.A. spoke B. was speaking C. had been speaking D. had spoken17. Theres some policemen over there. What_ ? A.happened B.taking place C.happening D.was happening18. Look! He is sitting_ his car and driving carefully. A.in front of B. In the front of C.in front C. in the front19She said she_ a paper kite at 7: 00 yesterdayAmakes Bis making Cwill makeDwas making20I_on the phone when a friend went into a barbers shopAtalked Bwas talking Ctalk Dis talking21What about_more trees to keep the air clean? Ato plantBplant Cplanting Dplanted22When the UFO took _, the girl was in the shop Aout BoffCon Dup23It will be_ to work out this problem in some years Aenough easy Beasily enough Ceasy enough Dvery easily24How_ I was at that time! Asurprised Bsurprise CsurprisingDsurprise25I am sorry youve missed the trainIt_ ten minutes ago Aleft Bwas leaving Cwill leaveDleaves二词汇考查。A.用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. You cant get out of your seat during the _ (fly), because its dangerous.2. When that plane took off, this one has already landed in the airport_ (safe).3. Im going to the _ (barber) to get my hair cut.4. This film is very _ (surprise) and Im _ (surprise) at it.B.根据首字母或汉语提示完成单词。1. What s_ clothes youre wearing today! You look so funny.2. Their father went to Shanghai on b_ not for leisure.3. Lucy, have you ever spoken to a f_ to practice your English?4.We must think more others, we must not think only of _(我们).5.A_ (事实)speaks louder than words.C、用所给动词的正确形式填空。1. What_ you_(do) when he arrived? I _(watch) TV at that time.2. When I_ (walk) in the street, I_ (meet) my best friend Jim.3. Mum_ (buy) my father a nice coat and a pair of trousers last Sunday.4. While my parents were doing some cleaning, my sister_ (shout) to me loudly.5. When he saw the thief steeling things in the office, he closed the door and _ (call) the police.6. I first met my girl friend two years ago, she_ (work) in the supermarket.7. Thank you for_ (teach) us so well, my dear teacher.8. What_ your parents_ (do) at nine oclock last night?三句型转换：1.The alien is very strange.(改为感叹句) _2. Mary could find her her cat somewhere.(改为否定句)_3.While I was getting out of the shower ,the telephone rang.(用when改为同义句) _ 4. They are doing exercises now.(用this time yesterday改写句子)_5. There was a car accident when I came out of the school. (对划线部分提问) _四、根据汉语提示完成英语句子。1.当飞机起飞的时候, 天正下着大雪。It _ heavily when the plane_. 2.他们起得很早, 以便能赶上第一班车。They got up early_ they could _the first bus.3.孩子们穿上最好的衣服来庆祝春节。The children _ their best clothes to _ the Spring Festival.4.瞧, 孩子们正在追逐一只小猫。 Look! The children_ a small cat.5.我女儿正在写信时, 其他的孩子都在外面玩耍。My daughter was writing a letter_ the other children _outside.