全新版大学英语3、4册选词填空及选择题归纳.doc

1. The aircraft base is protected with specially designed shelters which are built to ____ ground and air attacks.
A) launch B) withstand C) contest D) contend
Note: To withstand a force, an action, or an attack is to survive it or do not give in to it.
2. I'm pleased to hear of your job offer -- all that hard work at school has obviously _____.
A) paid off B) taken its toll C) made a difference D) shown up
Note: If an effort or action pays off it is successful or profitable after a period of time.
3. The talks might ____ for weeks before any concrete result is announced.
A) press on B) drag on C) get bogged down D) hold out
Note: You say that an event or process drags on when you disapprove of the fact that it lasts for longer than necessary.
4. We need someone really ____ who can organize the office and make it run smoothly.
A) crucial B) realistic C) essential D) efficient
Note: If someone is efficient, he is able to do tasks successfully, without wasting time or energy.
5. Once Mrs. Kirkpatrick ____ you in conversation, you're stuck with her for at least half an hour.
A) submerges B) engages C) occupies D) launches
Note: If you engage someone in conversation, you have a conversation with him.
6. Their refusal to compromise is a major ___ that stands in the way of further peace talks.
A) obstacle B) complication C) entity D) hazard
Note: An obstacle is a problem or difficulty that makes a situation harder to deal with.
7. However, the new law, once passed, will _____ the Bridlington agreement illegal by giving workers the right to join unions of their choice.
A) convert B) render C) cancel D) eliminate
Note: Render can be used with an adjective that describes a particular state to say that someone or something is changed into that state. For example, if someone or something makes a thing harmless, you can say that they render it harmless.
8. I will hold you personally ___ if anything goes wrong in this project.
A) destructive B) lucrative C) diverse D) responsible
Note: If you hold someone responsible for something, you will blame them if anything goes wrong.
9. Due to his recent failure to meet the deadline, Jason is ____ from the list for promotion.
A) eliminated B) retreated C) pried D) wrenched
Note: When a person or team is eliminated from a competition, they are defeated and so take no further part in the competition.
10. The intelligence department was accused of failure to ____ the troops to the possibility of an enemy attack during the weekend.
A) instruct B) warn C) dictate D) alert
Note: If you alert someone to a situation, especially a dangerous or unpleasant situation, you tell them about it.
11. Now that we've got a loan from the bank, our project is financially ____.
A) constructive B) feasible C) favorable D) stiff
Note: If something is feasible, it can be done, made, or achieved.
12. Under normal circumstances the body can ____ these naturally occurring substances into vitamins.
A) convert B) render C) derive D) originate
Note: To convert one thing into another is to change it into a different form.
13. This course focuses on the _____ of economic analysis to the problems of inflation, unemployment, the balance of payments and enterprise behavior.
A) conception B) combination C) application D) introduction
Note: The application of a rule, a study, or a piece of knowledge is the use of it in a particular situation.
14. You can ____ the video camera on a tripod (三脚架), so that you don't have to worry about holding it steady while you ask questions.
A) withstand B) mount C) implement D) dwell
Note: If you mount an object on something, you fix it there firmly.
15. The camps are not usually tent-type camps. They are mostly long-established, ____ structures, often with strange Indian names.
A) permanent B) historical C) monotonous D) raw
Note: Something that is permanent lasts for ever.
16. A firm might sometimes sell at a loss to drive a competitor out of business, and ___ increase its market power.
A) therefore B) thereby C) hence D) further
Note: You use thereby to introduce an important result or consequence of the event or action you have just mention.
17. ____ students should be motivated by a keen interest in theater and should have some familiarity with plays in production.
A) Prospective B) Responsible C) Ethnic D) Realistic
Note: You use prospective to describe someone who wants to be the thing mentioned or who is likely to be the thing mentioned.
18. Our postgraduate students are fully integrated into the departmental research ____ and, in addition, participate in the Postgraduate Education Programme.
A) cooperation B) endeavor C) administration D) network
Note: An endeavor is an attempt to do something, especially something new or original.
19. As a reporter, I was paid to ____ into other people's lives.
A) pry B) convert C) blurt D) carve
Note: If someone pries, they try to find out about someone else's private affairs or look at their personal possessions.
20. The ball was ____ out of his grasp by a player on the other team.
A) wrenched B) contested C) interrupted D) sucked
Note: If you wrench something that is fixed in a particular position, you pull or twist it violently, in order to move or remove it.
21. As he walked out of the court, he was ____ with frustration and rage.
A) applauding B) quivering C) paralyzing D) limping
Note: If someone is quivering with an emotion such as rage or happiness, their appearance or voice clearly shows this emotion.
22. AIDS activists permanently changed and shortened America's ____ process for testing and approving new drugs of all kinds, for all diseases.
A) efficient B) stagnant C) intricate D) appropriate
Note: Something that is intricate has many small parts or details.
23. Some of the tunnels in the cliff are natural, some were ____ out.
A) carved B) pried C) penetrated D) decorated
Note: If you carve something, you form it by cutting it out of a substance such as wood or stone.
24. The doctor ____ Billy's operation with x-rays and special exercises to make him stronger.
A) went after B) followed up C) started up D) took on
Note: If you follow up something that has been said, done, suggested, or discovered, you try to find out more about it or take action about it.
25. People from different cultures have different ____ of the world.
A) impressions B) complications C) foundations D) conceptions
Note: A conception of something is an idea that you have of it in your mind.
26. Don't let his criticism _____ you; he belongs to the kind of people who take delight in finding fault with others' work.
A) discourage B) concern C) dictate D) paralyze
Note: If someone or something discourages you, they cause you to lose your enthusiasm about doing something.
27. The survey found 80 percent of viewers were ____ by the violent scenes in the film.
A) eliminated B) alerted C) offended D) discouraged
Note: If you offend someone, you upset or embarrass them by doing something rude or tactless.
28. The mayor promised to trim the city budget without cutting ____ services.
A) essential B) appropriate C) equivalent D) lucrative
Note: Something that is essential is extremely important or absolutely necessary to a particular subject, situation, or activity.
29. In today's working world the roles of men and women are becoming ____.
A) dwarfed B) incorporated C) correlated D) blurred
Note: If an idea or a distinction between things is blurred, that idea or distinction no longer seems clear.
30. This disease ____ in Africa but has now spread to many parts of the world.
A) derived B) originated C) sparkled D) dwelled
Note: When something originates, it begins to happen or exist.
31. "Have you any ____ plans for your future now that you've completed your graduate studies?"
A) decisive B) exact C) precise D) definite
Note: If something such as a decision or plan is definite, it is firm and clear, and unlikely to be changed.
32. Anyone caught ____ an offense will be punished.
A) committing B) conducting C) executing D) performing
Note: To commit something is to do something illegal or bad, such as a crime or an offence.
33. There is scientific evidence to support our ____ that being surrounded by plants is good for health.
A) perception B) instinct C) conception D) implication
Note: Instinct is a feeling that one has that something is the case, rather than an opinion or idea based on facts.
34. The Israeli troops ____ by launching a bombing attack on the Palestinian-controlled areas.
A) had a crack B) took a toll C) took revenge D) followed up
Note: If someone takes revenge, they hurt or punish the person who has hurt or harmed them.
35. He should ____ what he's good at, and not switch to something he knows nothing about.
A) take on B) stick to C) go after D) live on
Note: If you stick to something, you continue doing, using, saying, or talking about it, rather than changing to something else.
36. To be ___ with you, I think you're making a dreadful mistake by refusing to cooperate.
A) candid B) pertinent C) mild D) vivid
Note: When you are candid with someone, you speak honestly.
37. There are still some ____ for students of science and engineering, but those in arts and humanities have been filled.
A) positions B) vacancies C) categories D) applications
Note: A vacancy is a job or posivion which has not been filled.
38. The plants are in a(n) ____ plastic box, so the children can observe how the roots grow with time.
A) appropriate B) intricate C) transparent D) waterproof
Note: If an object or substance is transparent, you can see through it.
39. The United Nations was supposed to ____ the role of global peace-keeper.
A) contend B) nurture C) carve D) undertake
Note: When you undertake a task or job, you start doing it and accept responsibility for it.
40. People under a lot of ____ may experience headaches, minor pains and sleeping difficulties.
A) stress B) exposure C) endurance D) endeavor
Note: If you are under stress, you feel worried and tense because of difficulties in your life.
41. The destruction of the Twin Towers in New York City ____ shock and anger throughout the world.
A) summoned B) tempted C) provoked D) enveloped
Note: If something provokes a reaction, it causes it.
42. His total worldly possessions ____ little more than the clothes he stood up in.
A) amounted to B) settled for C) turned up D) came at
Note: If something amounts to a particular total, all the parts of it add up to that total.
43. A UN official said aid programs will be ___ until there is adequate protection for relief personnel.
A) multiplied B) spanned C) arrested D) suspended
Note: If you suspend something, you delay it or stop it from happening for a while or until a decision is made about it.
44. Many social problems are caused by the uneven ____ of wealth.
A) equality B) justice C) distribution D) volume
Note: The distribution of things involves giving or delivering them to a number of people or places.
45. The shopkeepers are complaining that business has been reduced to a _____ of what it was before the outbreak of war.
A) fraction B) section C) portion D) trifle
Note: A fraction is a tiny amount or proportion of something.
46. The number 30 on a road sign ____ that the speed limit is 30 miles an hour.
A) signifies B) forecasts C) illumines D) characterizes
Note: If a sign or a symbol signifies something, it is a sign of that thing or represents that thing.
47. Our director had ______ on the matter for a long time before he made the decision.
A) hushed B) thrashed C) pondered D) suspended
Note: If you ponder or ponder on something, you think about it carefully.
48. The weather wasn't favorable and both teams had to ____ icy rain and a strong wind during the match.
A) pin down B) contend with C) get stuck in D) take control of
Note: If you contend with a problem or difficulty, you have to deal with it or overcome it.
49. The word is now widely used in newspapers and magazines, but its origin still remains ____.
A) exotic B) widespread C) obscure D) adrift
Note: If something is obscure, it is unknown or is known by only a few people.
50. George ____ an agonizing 48-hour wait for the results of the tests.
A) underwent B) withstood C) undertook D) grilled
Note: If you undergo something unpleasant, it happens to you and you endure it.
51. The consumer ____ in recent years has led to an explosion of shopping center development in big cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Canton.
A) summit B) boom C) pressure D) volume
Note: A boom in something is an increase in its amount, frequency, or success.
52. The car, at least as we know it, is on the way out, because its exhaust _____ a threat to the environment.
A) originates B) poses C) offends D) paralyzes
Note: If something poses a problem or a danger, it is the cause of that problem or danger.
53. The offer of a free overseas tour _____ him into buying the villa on the hillside.
A) discouraged B) committed C) tempted D) tangled
Note: Something that tempts you attracts you and makes you want it, even though it may be wrong or harmful.
54. Obviously, no teacher has ____ patience. Even Larry, who is always kind and tolerant, lost his temper on that particular occasion.
A) infinite B) definite C) spectacular D) plural
Note: Something that is infinite has no limit, end, or edge.
55. We must get the trapped victims out at once because the building is in ____ danger of an explosion.
A) opaque B) vivid C) mute D) imminent
Note: If you say that something is imminent, especially something unpleasant, you mean it is almost certain to happen very soon.
56. She tried to kick the pajamas loose, but they were _____ in the satin sheet.
A) gouged B) tangled C) scooped D) submerged
Note: If something is tangled, it becomes twisted together in an untidy way.
57. That morning, on Mount Tai, I saw the most ______ sunrise in my life.
A) mysterious B) opaque C) spectacular D) adolescent
Note: Something that is spectacular is very impressive or dramatic.
58. At night, cars often _____ small animals that are blinded by the headlights.
A) run over B) held up C) took apart D) drove at
Note: If a vehicle or its driver runs over a person or an animal, it knocks them down or rolls over them.
59. After Mike left for work, I ______ the beds and vacuumed the carpets.
A) patted B) clapped C) stripped D) shaved
Note: To strip the bed means to remove everything that covers the bed.
60. Dr. Light, who is ______ to be one of the best surgeons in London, performed the operation and successfully removed the tumor in her lungs.
A) confessed B) thrilled C) perceived D) reputed
Note: If you say that someone is reputed to be a certain pe