高中英语词法之动词必须掌握几道典型题.pdf

1 高中英语词法之动词必须掌握几道典型题高中英语词法之动词必须掌握几道典型题 单选题 1、It _ that the rule doesnt _ children.Aturned up,apply forBturned on,apply for Cturned out,apply toDturned in,apply to 答案：C 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实证明，这条规则不适用于儿童。A.turned up,apply for 出现；申请；B.turned on,apply for 打开；申请；C.turned out,apply to 结果是；适用于；D.turned in,apply to 上交；适用于。第一空为句型 it turn out that表示“结果是，事实证明”；第二空根据前后文“the rule doesnt _ children”可知，指规则不适用于儿童，应用 apply to。故选 C。2、Will you _ and phone for me?Afavour meBdo me a favour Cin favour of meDask a favour 答案：B 解析：考查动词短语。句意：你愿意帮我一个忙，替我打个电话吗？根据 do sb a favour（帮某人一个忙）结合句意，可知选 B。3、They _ with the aim of becoming number one in the league.Aset upBset aboutCset outDset aside 答案：C 解析：2 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们带着成为联赛第一的目标出发了。A.set up 建立；B.set about 着手；C.set out出发；D.set aside 搁置。结合句意可知，此处是指他们带着成为联赛第一的目标出发去参加比赛。故选 C。小提示：4、After all the delays,we were anxious to _ the lost time.Amake outBmake offCmake upDmake up for 答案：D 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：耽搁了这么久之后，我们急着把失去的时间赶回来。A.make out 理解；B.make off离开；C.make up 编造；D.make up for 弥补。根据宾语 the lost time 可知此处指“弥补”，故选 D。5、Excuse me,sir,but smoking is not allowed in hospital.Sorry,I didnt see the sign.Ill _ my cigarette.Aput inBput upCput outDput on 答案：C 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：对不起，先生，医院里不允许吸烟。对不起，我没看到标志。我要把烟灭了。A.put in 投入；B.put up 提出，张贴；C.put out 熄灭，扑灭；D.put on 穿上。根据“Excuse me,sir,but smoking is not allowed in hospital.”可知，医院里不允许吸烟，后者应该是立即把烟熄灭了。故选 C。6、They painted their faces white,imitating their masters and _them.Ataking part inBmaking fun of Chaving an effect onDgiving their lives to 答案：B 解析：3 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们把脸涂成白色，模仿他们的主人并且戏弄他们。A.take part in 参与(某事)；参加(某活动）；B.make fun of 取笑，戏弄；C.have an effect on 对有影响，对起作用，产生效果；D.give life to 赋予生命。根据句子结构和意思可知，他们把脸涂成白色就有搞笑的意味，所以是为了戏弄人才把脸涂成白色的。故选 B。7、The city plans to make 50,000 bicycles _ for rent to reduce pollution and ease traffic jams.AconvenientBsuitableCavailableDaccurate 答案：C 解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该市计划提供 5 万辆自行车供出租，以减少污染和缓解交通堵塞。A.convenient方便的；B.suitable 合适的，适当的；C.available 可获得的，可用的；D.accurate 精确的。根据下文“to reduce pollution and ease traffic jams”可知，该市需要提供 5 万辆自行车进行出租，以此来减少污染和缓解交通堵塞。所以设空处应用 available，短语 available for rent 意为“可供出租的”。故选 C 项。8、In the end,we _ our New Years party with a song and everyone was deeply moved.AcompletedBconcludedCcoveredDcompared 答案：B 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我们以一首歌结束了我们的新年晚会，每个人都被深深地感动了。A.completed 完成；B.concluded 结束；C.covered 覆盖；D.compared 比较。根据上文“In the end”可知是指以一首歌结束了新年晚会，应用 conclude。故选 B。9、Lack of mutual_not only gets in the way of your work,but it can also_your relationships and your self-esteem.Acomment differBrespect damage Cbenefit destroyDexpectation decorate 4 答案：B 解析：考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意：缺乏相互尊敬不仅会妨碍你的工作，还会损害你的人际关系和自尊。comment“评论”，differ“有区别，有分歧”；respect“尊敬”，damage“损害；伤害”；benefit“益处；好处”，destroy“毁坏”；expectation“期待”，decorate“装饰”。根据句意，相互不尊重会妨碍工作，也会损害人际关系和自尊。故选 B。小提示：10、Mary didnt know who could _ the care of her elderly parents while she was abroad for further study.AassessBassistCassumeDaccess 答案：C 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：玛丽不知道在国外深造期间谁能照顾她年迈的父母。A.assess 评价；B.assist 帮助；C.assume 假设，承担；D.access 接近，进入，获取。由语意可知，Mary 出国深造，就无法承担照顾年迈的父母的责任了，assume 符合语境，在宾语从句中作谓语，情态动词后用动词原形。故选 C 项。11、Without proper lessons,you could _a lot of bad habits when practising the piano.Aset upBcatch upCpick upDkeep up 答案：C 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果没有适当的训练，你在练习钢琴时可能会养成很多坏习惯。A.set up 建立，设立；B.catch up 追上，赶上；C.pick up（偶然）得到，学会；D.keep up 保持，继续。根据“a lot of bad habits”可知，此处表示学会很多坏习惯。故选 C。12、You have changed so much that I can hardly _you.AdisagreeBswapCconquerDrecognize 5 答案：D 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：你已经改变很多了，以至于我都很难认出你了。A.disagree 不同意；B.swap 替换；C.conquer 攻克；D.recognize 认出。根据“You have changed so much”可知，你变化太大了，我认不出你了。故选 D 项。13、Dont _.Try again,and you will succeed.Alose your heartBlose the heartClose heartDlose hearts 答案：C 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：别灰心！再试一次，你会成功的。A.lose your heart 爱上；B.lose the heart 失去心；C.lose heart 灰心，失去信心；D.lose hearts 丢失心脏。根据下文“Try again,and you will succeed.(再试一次，你会成功的。)”可知，此处表“别灰心”。故选 C。14、When you arrange for the conference,keep in mind that you should not _ those details.Aleave aloneBleave behindCleave outDleave aside 答案：C 解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当你安排会议的时候，记住你不应该漏掉那些细节。A.leave alone 不打扰；B.leave behind 留下；C.leave out 遗漏；省去；D.leave aside 搁置；不考虑。由上下文“keep in mind that you should not _ those details.”可知，此处表示不要漏掉那些细节，所以“遗漏”应用固定搭配 leave out，故选 C。15、That Peter has spent too much time on novels recently may_ his poor grade in the exam.Aanswer forBstand forCaccount forDapply for 答案：C 6 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：Peter 最近在小说上花了太多的时间，这可能是他考试成绩差的原因。A.answer for为负责；B.stand for 代表，象征；C.account for 说明的原因；D.apply for 申请。根据“Peter has spent too much time on novels”可知，花太多时间看小说是成绩差的原因。故选 C。16、Why do you go to school by bike?Because its good for my health and it doesnt _ the air.AbreakBwasteCproduceDpollute 答案：D 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：你为什么骑车去上学？因为这对我的健康有好处且不污染空气。A.break 打破；B.waste 浪费；C.produce 生产；D.pollute 污染；由语意和常识可知，骑自行车很环保，不会污染空气，故选 D项。17、When will this be settled?A working party has been set up to _ the problem.Alook throughBlook upClook forDlook into 答案：D 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：这件事什么时候能解决？已成立工作组调查这个问题。A.look through 浏览；B.look up 查阅，仰望；C.look for 寻找；D.look into 调查。根据后文“the problem”可知指调查问题，应用 look into。故选 D。18、I _ a few words of Greek when I was there last year.Atook upBpicked upClooked upDset up 答案：B 7 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：去年我在那里时学会了几个希腊语单词。A.took up 占据；B.picked up 学会；C.looked up 查阅，查找；D.set up 建立。结合语境，此处表示我在希腊时，学会了几个希腊语单词，pick up 表示“学会”符合语意。故选 B 项。19、Zhang Fuqing,a war hero,has kept a low profile and_to his original heart despite the great contributions he has made_the nation for more than 60 years.Astayed true toBstayed put around Cstayed practical forDstayed rooted of 答案：A 解析：考查动词短语和介词。句意：张富清，一位战争英雄，尽管 60 多年来为国家做出了巨大贡献，但他一直保持低调，忠于自己的初心。A.stayed true to 始终如一，到；B.stayed put around 保持不动，围绕；C.stayed practical for 保持务实，为了；D.stayed rooted of 保持扎根，的。第一空，结合语意，表示“忠于自己的初心”应用短语 stay true to ones heart，应填 stayed true；第二空，make great contributions to 表示“为做出巨大贡献”，所以空处应填 to。故选 A 项。20、He was told he had no talent and would never _ as a professional dancer.Amake outBmake upCmake forDmake it 答案：D 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：他被告知他没有天赋，永远不会成为一名职业舞蹈演员。A.make out 辨认出；B.make up 组成；C.make for 有助于；D.make it 达到预定目标。由“as a professional dancer”可知，成为一名职业舞蹈演员是他的目标，因此空格处是“达到预定目标”。故选 D。21、After hours of discussion,they finally _ a good solution.8 Acame upBcame up withCcame outDcame about 答案：B 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：经过几个小时的讨论，他们终于想出了一个好办法。A.came up 走近；B.came up with 想出；C.came out 出版；D.came about 产生。根据后文“a good solution”指想出好办法，应用 come up with。故选 B。22、Taking exercise will _ a lot of calories.Acut downBburn outCturn outDburn up 答案：D 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：锻炼将会消耗许多卡路里。A.cut down 削减，砍伐；B.burn out 燃尽，熄灭；C.turn out 最后是；D.burn up 消耗。由“Taking exercise”可知，锻炼身体将有助于消耗卡路里热量。故选 D 项。23、He decided to _ the rest of his life to scientific investigation.AapproveBcherishCdevoteDdigest 答案：C 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他决定把他的余生奉献给科学研究。A.approve 同意，批准；B.cherish 珍视，珍爱；C.devote 献身，致力；D.digest 理解，消化。句子涉及动词短语 devote.to.，意为“将奉献给；把专用于”，为固定搭配，在句中以动词不定式的形式作谓语动词 decide 的宾语。故选 C 项。24、The volunteer students were so nice that they _ to help neighbors clean their gardens.ArepresentedBofferedCpaidDprovided 答案：B 9 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：志愿者学生非常友好，他们主动提出帮助邻居打扫花园。A.represented 代表；B.offered 提供；C.paid 支付；D.provided 提供。根据语境，志愿者学生是友好的，所以他们会主动提出帮忙，offer to do sth.表示“主动提出做某事”符合语意。故选 B 项。25、Some people blame the smart phone _ the tragedy,yet in fact,peoples weakening self-control _.Afor,should blameBfor,is to blame Con,should be blamedDon,is to blamed 答案：B 解析：考查固定动词短语搭配。句意：有些人把悲剧归咎于智能手机，但事实上，人们自我控制能力的削弱是罪魁祸首。根据句型结构和句意分析可知，此题考查 blame 的固定短语搭配。blame.for 表“因而责备”；be to blame 表“应承担责任；该受责备（或指责）的”，均为固定搭配。故选 B 项。26、Every generation has the duty to _ heritage of knowledge from the past.Alet downBpass downCfall downDcut down 答案：B 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：每一代人都有责任把过去遗留下来的知识传给下一代。A.let down 使失望，辜负；B.pass down 传下来；遗传；C.fall down 跌倒；D.cut down 削减，砍倒。由语意可知，“传承知识”应用动词pass down，此处为动词不定式作宾语 duty 的后置定语。故选 B 项。27、-Hello!May I speak to Bob?-Sorry,but he _ for a month.Ahad been awayBwas leftCleftDhas been away 答案：D 10 解析：考查时态。句意：-我能找一下 Bob 吗？-不好意思，他已经离开了一个月了。根据 for a month 可知，此处表示“已经离开一个月了”，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，故应用现在完成时，且 leave 为瞬间性动词，只强调动作；be away 强调状态，故选 D。28、We were so busy after graduating from school that we_each other.Amade a fortuneBstayed in touch withCheard fromDlost track of 答案：D 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们毕业之后如此之忙以至于不了解彼此的近况了。A.made a fortune 发财；B.stayed in touch with 与某人保持联系；C.heard from 收到某人的来信；D.lost track of 不了解.的情况。根据“We were so busy after graduating from school”可知，我们毕业之后如此之忙以至于不了解彼此的近况了，故选D 项。29、If you dont_ your smoking,I will_ your money supply.Acut up;cut downBcut down;cut off Ccut in;cut offDcut in;cut up 答案：B 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果你不减少吸烟，我就中断你的金钱供应。cut up 切碎；cut down 削减；cut off切断、中断；cut in 插嘴、插队。根据句意可知，如果不减少吸烟，就会中断金钱供应。故选 B 项。30、Once he had calmed down he _ to tell us what had happened.AexceededBprocessedCproceededDsucceeded.答案：C 11 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他平静下来后继续告诉我们发生了什么事。A.exceeded 超过；B.processed 处理；C.proceeded 继续；接着做；D.succeeded 成功。根据“calmed down”及“to tell us what had happened”可知，“proceeded 继续；接着做”符合句意。故选 C。31、These potential changes in our characters are rather _,so it is clear that we cant neglect those negative impacts of social networks.AappealingBawardingCalarmingDassuming 答案：C 解析：考查形容词、动词词义辨析。句意：我们性格中的这些潜在变化相当令人担忧，所以很明显，我们不能忽视社交网络的负面影响。A.appealing 吸引人的；B.awarding 颁奖；C.alarming 令人担忧的；D.assuming 假定，假设。根据后一句“我们不能忽视社交网络的负面影响”可知，设空处应用 alarming，作表语；前后句为因果关系，状况令人担忧，所以必须重视这社交媒体的负面影响。C 项符合语境。故选 C 项。32、AirAsia,the largest budget carrier in Asia,has _ plans to open over 100 restaurants globally within the next five years.AdeclaredBannouncedCclaimedDaddressed 答案：B 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：亚洲航空公司，亚洲最大的廉价航空公司，宣布了在未来五年在全球开 100 多家餐馆。A.declared 宣称，断言；B.announced 宣布；C.claimed 声称，断言；D.addressed 演讲，称呼。根据句意可知，此处表示“宣布计划”，用动词 announce。故选 B 项。33、Of the six people injured in the crash,only two _.AcancelledBsurvivedCattractedDpublished 12 答案：B 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在车祸中受伤的六个人中，只有两人幸存。A.cancelled 取消；B.survived 幸存；C.attracted 吸引；D.published 出版。根据句意可知，句中六人在车祸中受伤了，由此可知，句中指受伤的六人中只有两人幸存，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，动词要用过去式。故选 B 项。34、People _ forget things more frequently as they get older.Atend toBintend toCused toDadapt to 答案：A 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，人们趋向于更频繁地忘记事情。A.tend to 趋向于；B.intend to 打算做；C.used to 过去常常；D.adapt to 适应。根据语境，随着年龄增长，人们变老，会趋向于频繁地忘记事情，空处应填 tend to，表示“趋向于”符合语意。故选 A 项。35、No matter how hard everyone tried to _ him,he just wouldnt listen.AorganizeBrescueCpersuadeDbury 答案：C 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管大家怎么劝他，他就是不听。A.organize 组织；B.rescue 拯救；C.persuade 说服；D.bury 埋葬。根据空后“he just wouldnt listen.”可知，空处需用动词 persuade，表示不管怎么劝说，他不听。故选 C。36、What would you do if you got,_,a million dollars？AtellBtalkCspeakDsay 答案：D 13 解析：考查动词。句意：如果你有，比如说一百万美元，你会做什么？A.tell 告诉；B.talk 谈话；C.speak 说；D.say 不如说。动词 say 可作“比如说”解，相当于 for example，作插入成份。故选 D。37、Every museum now has a website which allows you to _ the information about it.Alook afterBlook intoClook throughDlook around 答案：C 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在每个博物馆都有一个网站，该网站允许你浏览关于博物馆的信息。A.look after照顾；B.look into 调查；C.look through 浏览；D.look around 环顾四周。根据句意可知，人们可以通过浏览网站了解博物馆。故选 C 项。38、Im sure your suggestions will _ the problem.Acontribute to solvingBcontribute to solve Cbe contributed to solveDbe contributed to solving 答案：A 解析：考查动词时态，非谓语动词和短语。句意：我相信你的建议会有助于解决这个问题。contribute to“有助于”，与主语 suggestions 是主动关系，to 是介词，接动名词作宾语，will 表示用一般将来时，故选 A。小提示：39、Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to _the soul of Qu Yuan.AhandleBmotivateCqualifyDrecall 答案：D 解析：14 考查动词词义辨析。句意：传说，端午节的起源是为了召唤屈原的灵魂。A.handle 处理；B.motivate 激发；C.qualify（使)有资格/权利；D.recall 召回；叫回。根据句意和常识可知，端午节源于召回屈原的灵魂，故选 D。40、Ryan saw hundreds of delighted students who had _ to welcome him.Aturn outBwork outCbreak outDlook out 答案：A 解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Ryan 看到了数百名学生兴高采烈地欢迎他。A.turned out(以某种方式)发生，最后是，出来；B.work out 计算出、解决；C.break out 爆发；D.look out 小心。根据句意可知，此处表达“最后孩子们高兴地出来欢迎他”。故选 A 项。41、Ill try to improve my English in high school and Im sure all my efforts will_.Aget offBput offCpay offDturn off 答案：C 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我会在高中努力提高我的英语，我相信我所有的努力都会有回报的。A.get off 动身；逃脱惩罚；B.put off 推迟；脱下；C.pay off 还清；(某行动)取得成功；带来好结果；D.turn off 关闭。结合从句主语“my efforts(我的努力)”表达积极有意义的事情，说明“我”相信努力会带来好的结果。故选 C 项。42、When it comes to the speed of response,a small firm can _a big company.AoutnumberBoutgrowCoutliveDoutdo 答案：D 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：提到响应的速度，小公司要胜于大公司。A.outnumber 比多；B.outgrow 过度生长；C.outlive 比长寿；D.outdo 胜于。根据句意及空前情态动词 can 可知，此处应填动词原形 outdo，表示“优于、胜于”，故选 D 项。15 43、The weather condition there was very tough,and it took them four days to _ 90 miles.AspreadBrushCcoverDcontinue 答案：C 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：那里的天气条件非常恶劣，他们用了四天时间才走了 90 英里。A.spread 传播；B.rush 冲；奔；C.cover 行走（一段路程）；D.continue 继续。根据上下文“it took them four days to _ 90 miles.”可知，此处表示行走了 90 英里，故选 C。44、After breakfast,I packed up and_ again.Aset outBset upCset downDset in 答案：A 解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：早餐后，我收拾好行李，再次出发。A.set out 出发；B.set up 建立；C.set down 记下；D.set in 开始；到来。由上文“After breakfast,I packed up”可知，早餐后，“我”收拾好行李后，再次出发，故选 A。45、I started to _ my daily English learning in my WeChat Moments.Akeep track ofBkeep touch withCkeep away fromDlose track of 答案：A 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我开始在微信时刻记录我每天的英语学习情况。A.keep track of 掌握的最新消息；了解的动态；B.keep touch with 和保持联系；C.keep away from（使）不接近；D.lose track of 不了解的情况，不了解的动态。根据 started to“开始”和 my daily English learning 可知，是了解英语学习动态。故选A。