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高考英语高频动词短语意义辨析完善版.doc

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1、2017年高考英语高频动词短语意义辨析(1)act短语act as 担任职务,起作用act for 代理(某人职务),代为(处理某事)act out 表演(对话、故事等)act up 捣乱,出毛病(2)believe短语believe in 确信,信任,信仰,主张 believe ones ears 相信所听到的话make believe 假装(pretend to do sth.) seeing is believing 眼见为实(3)blow短语blow about 吹散 blow away 吹走 blow off 吹掉,吹散,吹灭 blow out吹灭,走气blow up,放大(照片),

2、吹大(气球),爆炸give sb. a heavy blow 给某人以沉重打击(4)break短语break away 摆脱,脱离break away from 脱离,奋力挣脱、打破break down 出故障,中止,分解、抛锚、破坏,粉碎;瓦解;衰弱,损坏;(健康等)垮掉,累垮;崩溃break in 打断,插话闯入,强行进入,使顺服 break into 闯入,破门而入,突然开始把(sth.)分成break (sth) off (使某物)折断,中断某事物突然停止,打断,断绝break out (战争、火灾)突然发生,爆发准备使用;起锚break open 破开,撬开 break short

3、中断,折断break out in tears 突然大哭break the rule(law) 违反规定 break ones promise 失言break through 突围,冲跨,克服,挤过去break up vt. 分解,分裂,拆散,碎开,开垦,vi.结束(5)bring短语bring about 引起,导致,使发生,促使bring along 把带来,领来bring back 拿(送)回来,使恢复,使回忆bring sth / sb back to life 使生动/活泼,使苏醒bring down 使降低,减少,使倒下,使落下,浓缩,收缩,击落bring down/up (the

4、 price) 降价提价 bring forth开(花),结(果),发表,宣布,提出 bringforward 提出 bring in 引进(技术),赚钱,带来(收入),吸收 bring into action 使行动起来,使生效bring into effect/practice 完成,实现,实施,实行 bring into operation 使运转,将.投入生产bring into (full) play 发挥,调动,利用 bring sb.into touch with.接触,触摸bring on 发展,引起,导致,使前进,提出(论点) bring out 拿出,公布,出版,生产,揭露

5、,阐明,使表现出bring off 完成,救出,使成功,搬走bring to 使苏醒 bring to use = put to use 对加以利用 bring through 治愈,使度过困难/危险时期bring/carry sth to/into effect 实施bring to light 出现,公布,暴露bring to mind 使想起,回忆起 bring up 抚养,培养,哺育,使停止(6)build短语build . into 把.建设成,把.装入build on / upon 建立在.上,依赖,指望build up 增加,增进,建成,振兴build up to 增加(7)以b

6、urst为中心的词组burst forth 爆发,喷出,忽然出现burst in 闯进,突然出现burst into 闯进,突然.起来,突然发出burst into tears / laughter 嚎啕大哭/放声大笑burst out 迸发,爆发,突然发出,大声叫喊burst out crying / laughing嚎啕大哭/放声大笑(8)call短语call away 叫走,把(注意力)转移开 call at (sp) 访问(某地),拜访(某地),停泊在call back 回电话 call for 提倡,号召,要求,需要,去接某人,接走某人,迎,取call /shout for help

7、 呼救 call in 请来,召集,来访,打电话,引入call off 取消,下令停止 call on / upon 号召 call on (sb) 拜访(某人),访问(某人)call out 大声呼喊,叫喊,唤起 call sbfor short 简称某人call sb names 谩骂某人 call up 给打电话,使人想起,号召,召集call to mind 使想起,回忆起 pay a call at sp. 访问(某地) pay a call on sb. 拜访(某人)(9)catch短语 be caught in the rain 淋雨catch /take fire 着火catch

8、 on 挂住,明白,理解,受欢迎 catch ones word 听懂话 catch out 发觉,抓住某人的错处 catch sight of 发现,瞥见 (10)carry短语carry about 随身携带carry away 冲走,带走,冲昏某人头脑carry back 拿回,运回,使想起 carry .into effect /practice 执行,实行,实现,完成carry off 带走叼走,夺去.的生命,获得(奖品) carry on 坚持,继续,进行carry out 贯彻,执行,实施,完成carry through 坚持到底,进行到底,贯彻,完成(11)check短语che

9、ck in 报到,登记,投宿旅馆check off 检验,清点check on 检查,调查check out 查明,结帐,付款而离开旅馆check up 核对,检查,检验check with 商议,符合,核对无误(12)clear短语clear away 扫除,消除clear off 清除,清理,(云雾)消散,(雨)停clear out 清除,扫出clear through 通过(检查,批准)clear up(天)变晴,打扫,消除make it clear that.使人明白(13)come短语come about 发生,产生,(风,帆)改变方向come across 偶然相遇,想起;越过;偿

10、付come along 一道来,随同,进展,出现come at 向袭击,达到,求得,得到;扑向come back 回来,想起来,复原come down 下来,下落,倒下,降落;跌落;病倒 come down to 到达,从一处来到另一处come for 来拿,来取 come from 来自,出生于,起源于come in 进来,进入,流行起来;获名次 come into being 形成,产生,出现come into operation开始运转,实施,生效come into possession of占有,拥有come into the possession of被.占有,被.拥有come of

11、f 脱落,从离开 come on 过来,加油,赶快,上演;开始;登台;(问题)被提出come near 接近,不亚于,几乎,差一点come on / upon sb / sth 偶然遇见,偶然碰上,偶然发现 come out 露出,出来,出现,出版,发(芽),(花)开,出版;结果是;褪色;(秘密)泄露come over 访问,越过 come over to 过来,顺便来访,从一个地方来到另一个地方come round / around (非正式)来访,串门,绕道come off (头发,牙齿,纽扣)脱落,离开come to 来到,出现,提及,达到,共计,结果是,苏醒,达到;归结于,渐渐come

12、 to a decision 作出决定 come to an end 结束,终止 come to know 逐渐地知道come to life (变得)活泼,苏醒过来,栩栩如生 come to light 显露,为人所知,明朗化come to oneself 苏醒过来,恢复知觉come to a stop 结束,停止,停顿 come to/into power 当权,上台come/go to ruin = fall into ruin 变成废墟 come to terms with 甘心忍受 come true 变为现实,成为事实,证实 come up 被提出,上来,(风浪)猛烈起来,抬头,走

13、近;上楼;长出,发芽,流行起来come up to sb 朝某人走来 come up with 提出,想出(主意),找出(答案),赶上come upon (偶然)遇见,突然发生(15)cut短语:a cut above 胜过一筹a short cut 近路,捷径cut/break/make a /the record 创造新记录打破记录 cut away 切除,剪去,砍掉,逃走 cutdown 砍倒,砍下,削减,缩短 cut in 插嘴,加塞,插入 cut in line 插队 cut off 切断(线路),中断(供应),剪下关掉 cut sth. open 切开,切伤cut out 删除,剪

14、下来,切下 cut sth.short 缩减,截短 cut through 凿通,挖通,贯穿cut up 切碎,剪碎,剁碎,齐根切掉,割裂,歼灭(1) drive短语drive away vi.开车走掉 vt.赶走,驱赶drive off 驱散 drive out 逐出,乘车出去 drive through 乘车穿过(街道等) drive sb.mad 使某人发疯(18)fall短语fall ill /asleep /silent 生病/睡着/沉默 fall back撤退,后退 fall behind 落后,落伍,落在后面fall down 倒下,落下,掉下,病倒,失败fall in love

15、 with.爱上(某人) fall into 陷入,养成,开始,渐渐 fall into a habit of 养成.习惯 fall off 掉下,衰退,减少 fall over 摔倒,落在.上,(头发)披在肩上 fall to pieces 破碎,崩溃,瓦解 fall into ruins 成为废墟 fall to the guound 坠地,失败,落空(20)get短语get at 意指,本意是,发现,了解;掌握;攻击get about 四处走动,活动,徘徊,旅行;流传get above oneself 自视高傲 get across 度过,通过,横过;说服,使被理解 get ahead

16、of 胜过,超过get along 前进,进步;同意;离去,相处 get around 走动,传播,影响,说服get away 移走,逃离(from),出发,开始度假 get back 回来,取回,找回,退还,报复get behind 落后;识破get close to 接近 get down vt.咽下;写下;使沮丧,使倒下vi.下来 get down on ones knees 跪下 get down to (doing) sth 认真对待,静下心来开始(做)某事get in 进入,收获,达到,陷入;牵涉 get in a word 插话 get into 进入,陷入,养成 get sb

17、into 使某人陷入 get it 接(电话),应(门),理解,懂得get off 下车,脱下(衣服等),送走,动身 get on 上车,过活,穿上;进步,使前进;成功;相处 get on/along with 进展,与相处 get on/upon with 进步;在方面获得成功get ones hand in 熟悉;习惯 get on ones feet (艰难地)站立起来 get out vi. 摆脱,出去,下车,泄露,离开 get out of 逃避,避免,由出来,从得出,退休 get over 克服,恢复,原谅,越过,痊愈;克服,完成 get up 起床,起身,钻研;致力于;安排get

18、 through 接通(电话),完成(工作),通过(议案、考试等),到达get to 到达,抵达 get to sleep 入睡,设法睡着 get/gain/take possession of 占有,拥有,占领get ready for 为做准备 get rid of 除掉,去掉 get sb to do 让某人做get the idea for 想到的主意get the message across 传播信息get together 相聚,碰头,联欢,积聚,商谈,取得一致意见 get / be engaged (to sb) (与某人)订婚(21) give短语be given to 沉溺

19、于,习惯于,癖好 give about 分配;传播 give and take 相互迁就,互让give away 赠送,给予,背弃,泄露,分发,牺牲,颁发 give back 归还,送回give back 归还,反射 give cause 给予的理由 give ear to 侧耳倾听 give forth 发出,放出;发表 give in 投降,让步,屈服 give in to 同意,接受;向让步give off 释放,发出,放出 (烟、光、热、气味等)give oneself out as/to be 自称为give oneself up to 专心于;向自首 give out vt.分发,

20、公布,发出,使筋疲力尽 vi.用完,用完,耗尽give(hand)over转交,移交 give place to 让位于,被所替代 give rise to引起,导致;使发生give up 放弃,辞去,停止 give a concert 开音乐会 give a description of 描述give / make a speech 演讲,讲话 give a talk 演讲,做报告 give birth to 生婴儿,生产,造成give close attention to 密切关注 give medical care to sb 对某人进行治疗give shade in summer (夏

21、天时)遮阳give / lend sb a hand 给某人帮助give sb a second look 再看某人一眼 give sb a warm welcome 热烈欢迎某人give sb. to understand 通知某人,使明白give sb some advice on sth / doing sth / how to do sth 就向某人提出建议/忠告give way to 让步,退却;屈服于 given that.假定,给定,已知(22)go短语go abroad 出国go about 四处走走,开始做,着手干,(谣言等)流传 go about from house to

22、 house 挨/逐家拜访 go against 违反,违背,反对,不利于 go across 度过,越过go ahead 说吧,干吧,领先,走在前面,前进,进展 go after 追逐,追求,跟随go / walk around 四处走走 go all about 鼓足干劲,全力以赴 go along 前进,进行下去go away 走开,离去 go around 走来走去,四处走动 go back 回去go beyond 超越 go by 走过,经过,(时间)消逝,过去 go down to 延续到,继续到go down 下来,落下,倒下,垮台,(风等)平静,沉没 go down on on

23、es knees 跪下go for 为去,努力获取,主张,适用于,去(取,拿) go for sb 对某人也一样 go in 进去,(日月等)被云遮蔽 go in for 参加,喜欢,赞成,从事,为.而努力go into 详细调查,进入,参加,从事go into details 细说go off 走开,离去,(闹钟)闹响,爆炸 go off to = be off to = leave for 动身去go off the air 停止广播(比较:go on the air 开始广播) go on 发生,进行,继续go on with.继续做,忍受 go out 熄灭,出去,外出,离开,下台,退

24、休go over 复习,过一遍,仔细检查,审阅,越过 go round 拜访,绕道走,绕.运行go past 从的旁边过去 go up 上升,上涨,增长,攀登 go with与相配,和.一道走,同意go without 忍受没有之苦,没有也行,没有也能勉强应付go straight along 沿着一直往前走 go through 通过,浏览,仔细检查,审查,履行,忍受go through with 完成 go up 上升,上涨,攀登 go with 与.相配,和.一道走,同意have a go 企图,试图 want a go 试一试(23)have短语have a break 休息一下 ha

25、ve a bright future 有一个灿烂的未来 have a conversation with sb 与某人交谈比较:have a dialogue with sb 与某人对话 have a talk with sb (about sth) (就某事)与某人进行交流have a wordwith sb= would like a word with sb 和某人谈几句,跟某人说句话have a good laugh over 对笑了个够 have a hit 风靡一时 have an eye for 有眼力,有眼光have (got ) a pain (in the) (身体某部位)

26、痛 have to =have got to 不得不,必须have mercy on 宽恕,对仁慈,对表示怜悯 have sth on sb 某人身上带着某物(24)hold短语hold back 退缩,踌躇,阻挡,控制住,隐瞒 hold to / by 坚持,固守hold down 压制,压低,缩减hold off 耽搁,不接近,离开 hold ones breath 屏息,不出气 hold on 等一等,不要挂电话hold on to 抓住,保住 hold out 伸出,坚持下去,维持,提出,支持,主张hold up 阻挡,使停顿,举起,拿起,阻滞 hold with 和.意见一致,赞成h

27、old together 连在一起,团结一致 (25) keep短语keep at 坚持,不停地做 keep away from 避开,别靠近 keep company with.和.结交keep back 隐瞒,忍住,阻止向前,留下,扣留 keep dark 保守秘密 keep down 控制,缩减 keep in 闭门不出keep off 勿踏,勿踩keep off sb / sth 不接触或不接近某人/某事物keep on 继续进行 keep out 不得入内 keepout 把挡住,把留在外面 keep out of 不进入keep pace with.跟上,同.步调一致 keep t

28、ime 合拍子,按时,(钟表)走得准keep to 坚持,固守,遵守 keep up 继续,保持,坚持,使(情绪等)不低落keep up with =catch up with 跟上,赶上,与.并肩前进 keep a date 赴约keep an eye on 注视,留心,注意,照顾(keep an eye out for 注视,留心,注意)keep ones appointment 守约 keep silent over 对保持沉默 keep the same look 保持原貌keep watch 保持警戒,站岗,守望,值班,注意 in good /high(bad/low)keep 保存

29、得好(坏) (26)knock短语knock at /on 敲打(门、窗等) knock down把撞倒,击倒 knock into撞到,撞上某人,偶然碰见knock sb out (of sth) 淘汰某人 knock over 撞翻,撞倒(27)lay短语lay aside 把.放在一边,抛弃,贮藏 lay down 放下,使躺下,放弃,牺牲lay off (暂时)解雇,放弃,停止 lay out 花费,投资,不置,打昏(28)leave短语give leave 准假 leave about乱放,乱丢 leave alone 听任,任其自然 leave.as it is.听其自然leave

30、 behind 留下,忘记携带 leave out 省去,遗漏,不把.计算在内 leave off 停止,脱去,戒除leave office 离职,下台 leave over 留下,剩下,延期 leave room for 为.让出地方leave sth, to / with sb把.交给/留给某人. leave sb, sth. 把.交给/留给某人 on leave 休假,请假(29)look短语look at 看着,注视,检查,着眼于 look about 四下环顾;查看 lookahead 向前看,展望未来look(admire)at oneself in the mirror 照镜子

31、look after 照顾,照料,照看look around/about 四处看看,四下环顾 look back 回首,回忆,回顾过去look back on/upon 回顾,回忆look forward to sth /doing sth 盼望,期盼某事物/做某事look for 寻找,期望 look in 来访,参观,看望 look into 往里面看,浏览,调查,研究 look (right) into sbs eyes 直视着 look on/upon 旁观,面向,观望 look on / upon .as.把.看作look out 向外看;注意,当心,提防,警惕 look ones

32、age 和年龄相称look out for 警惕,留心,找出来,寻找 look over 翻阅,(仔细)检查,从上面看过去look through 看透,仔细查看,浏览,翻阅,温习 look to 面向,注意look up 仰视,往上看,(在字典或参考书中)查阅,查寻,涨价 look up to sb 敬仰,仰望,尊敬(look down on / upon sb 瞧不起,鄙视,轻视)look / be worried 看上去/感到担心(30)make短语make into 制成,作成(后面跟产品,制成品) be made in在生产/制造 be made of 由组成/构成,用某种原材料制成

33、(物理变化)(能看出)made from 由组成/构成,用某种原材料制成(化学变化)(看不出)be made up of = consist of 由组成,由构成make out 理解,看清楚 make up 化妆,打扮,和解,配制,编造,虚构,构成,组成make up for 弥补,补充,补偿made up ones mind 下决心make advantages/use of 使用,利用 make after 追求,追赶make a beeline for走直路,走进路,朝.径直走去 make a choice 做出选择make a commitment 承诺,保证 make a comm

34、ent / comments (on / upon)(对)发表评论make a fool of sb = fool sb 愚弄某人(比较:make fool of 愚弄)make a point of doing sth 认为做某事重要或有必要 make a promise 承诺 make a will 立下遗嘱make (a) suggestion (on ) 提出(关于)的建议 make a telephone call 打电话 make/take a trip/journey to 去某地旅行 make conversation 交谈 make eyes at.抛眉眼,以目示意make

35、for 去向,向前进;有利于 make towards 向.前进 make fun of 取笑,嘲笑,和开玩笑 make it(事业上)获得成功 make into 把制成,使转变为 make jokes about sb 拿某人开玩笑,以某人为笑柄 make mistake about 犯了错误 make much of 重视;理解;赏识 make ones way to 往走去 make ones mind on sth. 决定某事 make ones own 当作自己的看待 make out 填写;开支票;理解;辨认 make progress (in ) (在方面)取得进步 make

36、sense 有意义,有道理,讲得通 make sense of 弄懂的意思 make sth to (ones own) measure (按自己的尺寸)定做 make sure 确保,确认,查明 make the adjustment to 适应 make the / ones bed 整理床铺make up弥补,修理,赔偿,起草,编造,化装,配制,占.比例,讲和 make way for 为让路,让路于make up to 接近,巴结;向求爱 on the make 急求成功;增加,损人利己追求名利(31)meet短语meet the case 适合,令人满意 meet the need/

37、demand/requirement of满足.需要 meet with 偶然碰见,遭受 meet.by chance/accident偶然碰见 make both ends meet 使收支相抵(32)open短语be open to 对.开放,易于接受,经不起(诱惑) open A for B 为B展开/打开A open to 朝.开,朝向,通向 open up开发,开创,开辟,开垦,吐露真情,打开,展现with open eyes 睁着眼睛,留神地,吃惊地 with open arms 张开双臂,热诚(欢迎)(33)owe短语owe . to.把.归功于,把.归因于 owe much t

38、o 多亏了,在很大程度上归功于owe it to.that.归功于,幸亏 owe sb. sth. (=owe sth. to sb.)欠某人.(34)pass短语pass away 去世,(时间)过去 pass by 通过,从旁边经过,(时间)过去 pass into 变成,化为pass down 传下来,流传,使世代相传 ,一代一代传下去 pass on (to sb) 转交给(某人),传给(某人)pass on/upon 传递,通过 pass on from one generation to the next 一代代流传下来 pass out 失去知觉,昏厥 pass out of o

39、nes mind 被人忘掉 pass over 忽视,置之不理pass through 穿过,越过 pass sth from one to another 把某事物从一人传到另一人手上 (35)pay短语pay back 偿还(借款),报答,报复pay for 付款,付费,付代价 pay off 还清(欠款)(36) pick短语pick and choose 仔细挑选,挑挑拣拣 pick off 摘下,逐个地射死 pick on 挑选,挑剔,惹恼pick ones way/steps 小心地走路,择路而行 pick ones words精选用词 pick out 挑选,认出 pick up

40、 开车接(某人),接收,获得,搭载,恢复,爬起,捡起,学会,认识,购买(便宜商品) pick up with.结识,与.交朋友 (37)pull短语pull/make/wear a long face 拉长脸,不高兴 pull about 把.拖来拖去,虐待 pull away 拖出,离开pull apart 拉开,扯断,严加批评 pull down 拉下,拉倒,推翻,拆毁,使(价格)下降,使体质减弱,赚取 pull in (车船)抵达, 节省(费用), 缩减(开支) pull off 脱(衣,冒),完成,获得成功pull on 穿,戴,继续拉 pull out 驶出,拔出,离开 pull o

41、nes leg 取笑,开玩笑,逗乐pull through 克服困难,使脱离危险(渡过难关;恢复健康) pull sth. to pieces 把.拆散,撤碎pull up 拔起,阻止,使停下 pull up with/to 追上,赶上 pull (the) wires/strings 在幕后操纵,走后门(38)push短语at one push 一口气 bring to the push 使陷绝境 push against 推,推撞push forward/along 把.腿向前,继续进行 push aside/away 推开,排除 push back 退回,推回push down 向下推 push in 推进,向岸靠拢 push off 起程,离开 push on 奋力向前,推进push ones way挤过去,奋力向前 push out 推出,长出 push over 推倒push through 促成,完成,穿过,挤过 push up 向上推(39)put短语put an end to 结束,终止,废除 put aside 把放在一边;搁置;排除,储藏 put away 将某物收拾起来,存钱,储存,存起来 put back 把放回原处;拨回 put down 扑灭,平息,镇压,记下,记下;削减;降落 put faith in 相信,信任

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