1、高中英语现在完成时时态重难点归纳1单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)1、I wont tell the student the answer to the math problem until he_ on it for more than an hour.Ahas been workingBwill have workedCwill have been workingDhad worked答案:A解析:考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:这个学生做这道数学题做了一个多小时,我才会告诉他答案。根据“for more than an horn”可知现在完成进行时态表示一个从过去开始,进行到现
2、在,并且有可能继续下去的动作,主语he是第三人称单数,因此空格处用has been working,故选A。2、Amy _ about finding a new job for a whole year, but she hasnt made her final decision yet.AthoughtBhas thoughtChad thoughtDhas been thinking答案:D解析:考查动词时态。句意:Amy一整年都在考虑找份新工作,但她还没有做出最后的决定。根据时间状语“for a whole year”以及后文“but she hasnt made her final
3、decision yet”可知,此处应用现在完成进行时,表示动作从某一时间开始,一直持续到现在,或者刚刚终止,或者可能仍然要继续下去。故选D项。3、The researchers _ till midnight every day since the outbreak of the disease to find an effective cure.AworkBwill workCare workingDhave been working答案:D解析:考查时态语态。句意:自从疫情爆发以来,研究者每天都忙到深夜以找到有效的治愈方法。时间状语since the outbreak of the di
4、sease提示用完成时态, till midnight表示动作的持续性,故用现在完成进行时,故选D。4、 I _ my homework for four hours, but I am not sure whether I can hand it in tomorrow.Ahave doneBhave been doingChad been doingDhad done答案:B解析:考查时态。句意:四个小时以来,我一直都在做家庭作业,但是我不确信我是否能在明天上交它。根据句意可知,此句表示“我写了4个小时作业,但是还没写完”,时态故用现在完成进行时,表示过去发生的事情延续到现在,而且还在继续
5、发生,强调事情的延续性,其基本构成形式是:have/has been doing。故选B。5、I _ so busily recently that I _ no time to help you with your maths.Thats OK. I can manage it by myself.Ahave been working; haveBhave worked; hadCam working; will haveDhad been working; had had答案:A解析:考查时态。句意:-我最近工作太忙碌了,没时间帮你学数学。-没关系我自己能搞定。由“recently”可知,
6、本句为现在完成进行时,表示动作还可能持续下去,而第二个空表示现在所处的状态,所以用一般现在时。故A选项正确。6、Will you have a second child? Havent decided yet. We _ about it the whole year.Ahave thoughtBhad thoughtCthoughtDhave been thinking答案:D解析:试题分析:考查谓语动词的时态。A是现在完成时;B是过去完成时;C是一般过去时;D是现在完成进行时。句意:Will you have a second child?你会要二胎吗? Havent decided ye
7、t. We _ about it the whole year.还没决定。我们一整年都在讨论中。从回答中可以知道,讨论还在继续没有做出决定,因此要用现在完成进行时。故选D。考点:考查谓语动词的时态7、Mr. Smith_ these days. I think he should take a holiday before he burns out.Ahas been overworkingBoverworkedChas overworkedDwas overworking答案:A解析:考查时态。句意:史密斯先生这些天一直在加班,我想他应该在精疲力尽之前去度个假。根据本句中时间状语these
8、days和后文 before he burns out,可知,史密斯先生的忙碌的动作是从过去开始,延续到现在,还要继续持续,所以时态用现在完成进行时。选项A符合题意,故选A。8、 Where is Ethan? I cant find him anywhere. He went to the library after lunch and _ his essay there ever since.Ahad writtenBis writingChas been writingDwrote答案:C解析:考查时态。句意:伊桑在哪里?我到处都找不到他。他午饭后去了图书馆,从那以后就一直在那里写论文。
9、根据时间状语ever since可知,句中表示从过去一直待续到现在动作,且很可能继续下去,应用现在完成进行时。故选C项。9、The housing price in Suzhou _ sharply recently, so new measures are to be taken to control it.Ahas been risingBwill riseCrisesDhad risen答案:A解析:考查动词时态语态。句意:最近苏州的房价急剧上涨,所以要采取新的措施来控制它。根据下文recently可知,应用完成时态,且表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作,并且还将持续下去应用现在完成
10、进行时,故用现在完成进行时,故选A。10、With the advancement of Chinas modernization, lives of people living in the west of the country _ tremendous changes over the past few years.Ahave been undergoingBunderwentCare undergoingDundergo答案:A解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:随着中国现代化进程的推进,在过去的几年里,生活在中国西部的人们的生活发生了巨大的变化。根据时间状语over the past f
11、ew years可知,空处谓语动词需用现在完成进行时态:have/has been doing,表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在将会继续下去,主语是lives of people,复数,所以助动词需用have。故选A。11、 You look tired. I _ clothes all day.AwashedBhave washedCwas about to washDhave been washing答案:D解析:考查时态语态。句意:你看上去很累。我洗了一天的衣服。此处表示动作一整天都在进行,一直在持续,用现在完成进行时,故选D.【点评】现在完成进行时,是英语中动词的一种基本时态,其构成为
12、:主语+助动词(have/has) +been +动词的现在分词+其他成分。表示动作从某一时间开始,一直持续到现在,或者刚刚终止,或者可能仍然要继续下去。(与since,for连用时,要用连续性动词,不可用瞬间动词,但连续性动词常常表示动作会进行下去)用法:(一)表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作,并且还将持续下去。I have been learning English three years ago.三年以来我一直在学英语。(动作还将继续下去)(二)表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。We have been waiting for you for half an hour.我们已
13、经等你半个钟头了。(三)有些现在完成进行时的句子等同于现在完成时的句子。They have been living in this city for ten years.They have lived in this city for ten years.他们在这个城市已经住了10年了。(动作还将继续下去) (四)大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。I have been writing a book.(动作还将继续下去)我一直在写一本书。I have written a book.(动作已经完成)我已经写了一本书。They have been building a bridg
14、e.他们一直在造一座桥。(动作还将继续下去)They have built a bridge.他们造了一座桥。(动作已经完成)(五)表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。I have known him for years.我认识他已经好几年了。不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有:love爱,like喜欢,hate讨厌,think想等等。(六)一些现在完成时的句子也与现在完成进行时的句子含义相同延续性动词在现在完成时与现在完成进行时时态中使用,句意相同。例如:She has slept for 6 hours and still cannot wake up.She has been sleep
15、ing for 6 hours and still cannot wake up.她已经睡了6个小时,到现在还没有醒来。(七)表示现在以前一直在进行的动作强调动作的未完成性It has been raining for 3 days。已经下了3天的雨了(现在还没停止)12、Im sure Andrew will come out first in this speech competition.I think so. He _ for it for months.Ais preparingBhas been preparingChad been preparingDwas preparing答
16、案:B解析:试题分析:-我敢肯定Andrew在这次演讲比赛中会获得第一名。-我也这么认为,他已经准备了好几个月了。现在完成进行时表示从过去某个时间开始持续到现在的动作,并强调动作还在进行。根据句意Andrew这几个月一直在准备演讲比赛。故用现在完成进行时。故选B。考点:考查动词时态语态13、Joseph _ to evening classes since last month, but he still cant say “Whats your name?” in Russian.Ahas been goingBwentCgoesDhas gone答案:A解析:考查时态。句意:彼得从上个月就
17、开始去上夜课,但是他仍然不能用俄语说“你叫什么名字?”根据语境和since判断此处此处强调动作从过去开始持续到现在,且有可能继续持续,应用现在完成进行时,主语Joseph是第三人称单数,助动词用has。故选A。14、You sent us an email informing us your date of arrival and we _ your visit ever since.AexpectedBare expectingChave been expectingDhad expected答案:C解析:考查现在完成进行时。句意:您给我们发送了一封电子邮件,通知我们您的到达日期,从那时起,
18、我们就一直期待着您的来访。根据since从句可知, “期待”这一动作从过去开始,持续到现在,还有可能持续下去,因此要用现在完成进行时。故选C项。15、Hey ,its you, Jackie! I didnt think you could be here A big surprise ,right? I _ for you all the afternoonAhave waitedBwas waitingChave been waitingDwaited答案:C解析:试题分析:本题的关键词是后面的时间状语all the afternoon整个下午,表示在过去的一段时间以来一直都在做的事情。句
19、义:hi,是你啊!Jackie,我没有想到你会来这里。很奇怪,是吧我整个下午都在等你。根据句义说明整个下午我都在等对方。使用现在进行时的时态。故C正确。考点:考察时态16、The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _ rising steadily since 2000.AisBareChave beenDhas been答案:D解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:自2000年,在中国上大学的海外学生的数量一直在稳步上升。“the number of+名词复数”作主语时谓语动词用单数形式,再结合句意和since判断此
20、处用现在完成进行时,即has been doing。故选D项。小提示:本题考查the number of + 名词复数(的数量) 作主语时谓语动词用单数形式,和该短语进行对照的是a number of + 名词复数(大量)作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。例如:1).The number of students is increasing steadily.学生的数量在稳步上升。2).A number of students are running on the playground.大量学生在操场上跑步。17、Guys, I was really worn out! I cant walk any
21、 further! We should have a rest. We _ the cave a whole day.AexploringBare exploringChave been exploringDexplore答案:C解析:考查时态。句意:孩子们,我真的精疲力尽了!我不能再走了。我们应该休息一下,我们一整天都在探索这个洞穴。由后面的时间段a whole day以及句意可知,表示动作从过去某一时间开始,一直持续到现在,或者刚刚终止,或者可能仍然要继续下,应用现在完成进行时。故选C。18、Housingprices_ since a fewyears ago. Therefore, i
22、tstime the central government _ some effective measures to bring them under control.Ahave increased; would takeBhave increased; will takeChave been increasing; takesDhave been increasing; took答案:D解析:考查时态。句意:自从去年年底房价一直在上涨。因此,该是中央政府采取措施降低并控制房价的时候了。由since判断句中需要完成时,并且根据语境,房价还在上涨中,故第一空用完成进行时;第二空考查句型Its/w
23、as time that该是的时候了,从句中往往用过去时,也可以用should+动词原形;故答案是D。小提示:1).Since自从-以来(可做介词和连词),和现在完成时态连用。He has lived here since he came. 自从他来到这里,就一直在这里住着。2).It is the first(second-)time that 主语+现在完成时态+其他。意思是:第几次做某事了。如果把is改成was,则后面用过去完成时态。Its the third time that I have come to the Summer Palace.这是我第三次来到颐和园。3).Its (h
24、igh) time that 主语+一般过去时态+其他。现在是该做某事的时间了。Its high time that we had lunch.现在是我们该吃午饭的时间了。4). It is/has been+一段时间+since 主语+一般过去时态+-。自从-有多长时间了。在这个句型中since引导时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时态,分两种情况:(1)如果从句的动词是终止性动词leave/come/-,则表示“从动作开始到现在多长时间了。”It is three years since he began to smoke.他已经吸烟三年了。(2)如果从句的动词是持续性动词stay/smoke/
25、live-,则表示“从动作结束到现在多长时间了”。 It is three years since he smoked.他戒烟三年了。19、- You look so tired.- Yes. I _ the house all the morning. But Im finishing it soon.Ahave cleanedBhave been cleaningChave been cleanedDhad been cleaning答案:B解析:试题分析:考查动词的时态和语态。句意:你看起来十分的累。是的,我今天早上一直在打扫房间,马上就要完成了。根据But Im finishing i
26、t soon和But Im finishing it soon可知这个动作还没有完成,但仍在进行中,故用现在完成进行时,故选B项。考点 : 考查动词的时态和语态20、 It seems that water from this tap _ for some time. Well have to take it apart to put it right.Ahad leakedBis leakingCleakedDhas been leaking答案:D解析:考查时态。句意:这个水龙头里的水似乎已经漏了一段时间了。我们得把它拆开才能把它修好。根据句中时间状语for some time可知强调动作
27、发生在过去,不间断进行到现在,并仍在继续,应用现在完成进行时。故选D。21、The construction workers _ the bridge for two months, and hopefully it will be completed next month and bring local citizens great convenience.Ahave builtBare buildingCbuildDhave been building答案:D解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:建筑工人已经建造这座桥两个月了,希望它能在下个月完工,给当地居民带来极大的便利。根据句中时间状语“f
28、or two months”和“next month”可知,建筑工人“建造”这个桥的动作,从两个月前开始,一直持续到现在,且可能继续到下个月,主语workers是复数形式,谓语动词应该用现在完成进行时的结构的复数形式:have+been+build的现在分词building。故选D项。22、-Jenny is becoming slimmer and slimmer.- It is said that she hired a fitness instructor last year and _ since.Ais working outBworked outChas been working
29、outDhad worked out答案:C解析:考查时态。句意:Jenny变得越来越苗条了。据说她去年雇了一个健身教练,到现在也一直在健身。根据句意可知,此处强调健身从过去到现在一直在进行,应使用现在完成进行时。故C选项正确。23、You are a great swimmer.Thanks. Its because I _ a lot these days.Ahave been practisingBwas practisingCwould practiseDhad practised答案:A解析:考查时态。句意:-你游泳很棒。-谢谢。这是因为这些天我一直在练习。根据时间状语these d
30、ays(这些天)可知,“练习游泳”从数天前开始,一直持续到现在,因此该句应用现在完成进行时态。故选A。24、They, together with my brother, _ to drive to Tibet since last year.Aare planningBis planningChave been planningDhas been planning答案:C解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:自从去年他们就和我哥哥一起计划开车去西藏。根据since last year及句意可知,表示动作从去年开始一直持续到现在,并将持续到去西藏为止,所以用现在完成进行时。together with
31、连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词与together with前的主语保持一致,主语They是复数,助动词用have。故选C。25、Since Jack was laid off from his job three months ago, he _ a new one, but without luck.Alooked forBhad looked forChas been looking forDis looking for答案:C解析:考查时态。句意:自从杰克三个月前被解雇后,他一直在找个新的工作,但是不走运。时间状语是since引导的,主句应该是现在完成时或现在完成进行时,这里强调动作一
32、直在进行而且可能还要进行下去,用现在完成进行时,故选C。26、Ever since the new park was opened to the public last month, I _ a walk in it every morning.Aam takingBtakeChave takenDhave been taking答案:D解析:试题分析:考查现在完成进行时。句意:自从上个月新公园对外开放,我一直每天早上去散步。故D正确。考点:考查现在完成进行时【点评】现在完成进行时1). 形式:have(has)+been+现在分词,以work为例:肯定式:HeShe has been wor
33、king.否定式:HeShe has not been working.疑问式:Has heshe been working?2). 用法:现在完成进行时表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作。现在这个动作可能刚刚终止,也可能仍在进行。I have been sitting here all afternoon. 我在这儿坐了一下午了。How long has it been raining?雨下了多久了?They have been fighting for independence since 1960s. 他们从60年代以来一直为独立而斗争。3). 现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别1
34、)现在完成进行时一般强调过去发生的动作现在仍在继续。现在完成时强调过去发生的动作现在已经完成或表示曾经发生过。I have been writing an article. 我一直在写一篇文章。(仍在)I have written an article. 这已写好一篇文章。(已完成)I have been reading that book since last week. 上周以来,我一直在读那本书。(还在读)I have read that book before. 以前我曾读过那本书。(动作在过去曾经发生过)2) 现在完成进行时表示刚刚结束的动作,强调动作在不久前持续进行,带有感情色彩。
35、现在完成时表示已经结束的动作,强调动作的结果。Where have you been? We have been looking for you everywhere.你到哪里去了?我们到处在找你。(表示刚刚结束的动作)We have looked for him, but havent found him.我们找过他,但没有找到他。(表示动作已结束,强调支作的结果)3) 现在完成进行时表示现在以前的这段时间内反复发生的事情。All these years, they have been contributing articles to our magazine.这些年来,创立们一直为我们杂志
36、写稿。We have been seeing quite a lot of each other recently.最近我们常常见面。27、Today I _ a crocodile swimming close to our boat, the Kimberley Quest, all day.Aam photographingBhave photographedChave been photographingDwill photograph答案:C解析:考查现在完成进行时。句意:今天我整天都在拍摄一只鳄鱼,这只鳄鱼离我们船只Kimberley Quest很近。分析句子可知,all day表
37、示一整天,所以用现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某时开始一直持续到现在而且还有可能继续下去,故选C。28、I _ driving lessons for over a year, and still havent got my licence.Ahave been takingBhad takenCtookDwould take答案:A解析:考查时态。句意:我上驾驶课已经一年多了,可还没有拿到驾驶执照。根据“still havent got my licence.”可知,空处为现在完成进行时,表示动作从某一时间开始,一直持续到现在,或者刚刚终止,或者可能仍然要继续下去。故选A项。29、They _
38、 the plan for a week, but no decision has _.Ahave been discussing;madeBhave been discussing; been madeChave been discussed;been madeDare discussing;been made答案:B解析:考查时态和语态。句意:他们已经讨论这个计划一个星期了,但是还没有做出决定。第一空表示一直在讨论这个动作,至今还没停止,用现在完成进行时。目前还没有做出决定,故用现在完成时,与主语是被动关系,用现在完成时的被动。故选B项。30、The teacher wont tell t
39、he students the answer to the difficult problem until they_on it for more than an hour.Ahave been workingBwill have workedCwill have been workingDhad worked答案:A解析:考查动词时态。句意:直到学生们做了一个多小时,老师才会告诉他们这道难题的答案。A. have been working(on)从事于,忙于(现在完成进行时);B. will have worked(on)从事于,忙于(将来完成时);C. will have been wor
40、king(on)从事于,忙于(将来完成进行时);D. had worked(on)从事于;忙于(过去完成时)。结合语境可知,从句要表达的是将来的动作,且存在时间状语“for more than an hour”,需用将来完成进行时表达;且从句为“until”引导的时间状语从句,须遵循主将从现原则,当主句谓语用一般将来时,从句的谓语要用现在时,即:用现在完成进行时代替将来完成进行时。故选A项。31、(2016江苏卷单项填空)Dashan, who _ crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up
41、 with the Western stand-up tradition.Awill be learningBis learningChad been learningDhas been learning答案:D解析:考查时态。句意:几十年来,大山一直在学习中国传统相声,他想把相声和西方的单口相声结合起来。本句的时间状语是“for decades几十年来”,该时间状语通常和现在完成的有关时态连用,本句强调这几十年来大山一直努力把中国相声和西方的脱口秀相结合。所以使用现在完成进行时,强调动作的延续性和反复性。故D正确。32、I a report about the air pollution i
42、n my hometown all the morning and havent finished it yet.AwroteBhave been writingCwas writingDhave written答案:B解析:试题分析:考查时态。由句中的all the morning和finished it yet.可知我一直在忙于这个报告,have been doing表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作。句意:我整个早上都在写关于我家乡空气污染的报告,至今还未完成。故选B考点:考查时态33、For some time the expert _ people of the health risks
43、 caused by passive smoking. He says he wont stop until all the smokers around him decide to quit smoking.Ais warnedBis warningChas been warningDhas been warned答案:C解析:考查时态。句意:有一段时间这个专家一直在警告被动吸烟引起的健康危害,他说知道身边所有的抽烟者都戒烟了他才停止。由此可知警告这个动作是从过去到现在一直在做,而且还要继续,符合现在完成进行时的用法。故选C。34、In two days, it will be Christ
44、mas, children all over the world _ forward to this day for weeks. People celebrate Christmas with food, decorations music and more.Awill lookBhave been lookingClookDhave looked答案:B解析:考查时态。句意:再过两天就是圣诞节了,全世界的孩子们已经盼望了好几个星期了。此处缺乏谓语动词,由句意和时间状语for weeks可知,look forward to“期盼”这个动作是从过去发生一直延续到了现在,且此动作还要持续下去,应
45、用现在完成进行时(has/have been doing),主语Children all over the country是复数,谓语用复数形式。故选B项。35、- I _ so busily recently that I _ no time to help you with your maths.-Thats OK. I can manage it by myself.Ahad been working; had hadBhave been working; hadChave been working; haveDam working; will have答案:C解析:试题分析:句意:-我
46、最近很忙,没有时间帮助你学习数学。-没关系,我自己能行。由recently 可知,第一个空用完成时态,排除A选项。完成时强调的是对现在的影响,从句意知道,最近很忙,一直忙到现在,而且还要继续忙,所以没有时间帮助你,所以用 现在完成 进行时 ,排除D现在进行时,第二空是现在没时间,排除B将来时。另外:have no time 就是没时间的意思,中间什么也不加。故选C。 考点: 考查动词时态的用法。36、I_ about what youve said and Ive decided to take your advice.AthoughtBwas thinkingChave been thinkingDhad thought答案:C解析:考查时态语态。句意:我刚刚一直在考虑你的话并且我决定采取你的建议。分析句子可知,and后面时态为现在完成时,所以前面也要用完成时,thi